Aeea mahele

I ka mahele o ke ki ole wale i ka pono o nā'aʻaʻa e hoihoi, akā, i ka'ōlelo o ka meaola. I iho, ke kelepona hele mahele komo ai i ke kahua o ka elua a oi kaikamahine keena, mai ka hookahi makua. Chromosomes kūlana 'he mea nui wahi i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka halepaahao mahele. Ka mea, o ka mea, o ka poe i kuleana no ka EYI o ka 'ike ma waena o nā hanauna a pau.

Cell mahele. Mitosis a Meiosis

Aia i mau papa kuhikuhiEʻano likeʻole o ka mahele - mitosis a me ka meiosis. Ka mua komo ai i ke kahua o ka hookahi makua aeea mau keiki. I ka helu ana o chromosomes ma na keena o ka mea mau koe ka ia me ia ma ka makua aeea, oa aeee i ka ia. Mahuahua o ka helu ana o chromosomes ia lŘlŘ mua i ke ku e. Penei, o ka halepaahao ua hoopahaohao mai diploid e tetraploid. I ka pauʻana o nā diploid aeee i hana.

Meiosis ua kapaia ke kahua o na keena eha. Ma keia hihia, kēlā i kēia mau chromosomes i loko o ka hapalua o emi ma mua ia o ka makua. Meiosis pinepine ia lŘlŘ koke ma hope o ka mahele mua. E like me ka hopena o ka hookahi diploid loaaʻehā haploid.

Ma waena o ke kelepona hele mahele pono ulu a me ka ulu, hoomakaukau ana no ka mea hou mahele. Iloko o keia manawa, ia accumulates he hailona no nā polokina, a me pāpālua i nā organelles mea nui, a me ka ia, a me ka chromosomes.

E hoomaopopo i ka eha kūlana o ka mitosis, a ma hope kekahi i kekahi, a hohola aku i ia mau hola. Mitotic aeea mahele komo ai na kēia mau kapuwai.

Ma ke kahua mua e hohola aku centrioles auamo o ka halepaahao. Mahope, kālī ho okumu. Chromosomes e oi i nanaia. I ka Ia manawa hoike mai i ka nukeleaʻili lahilahi, ka nucleolus a laila nalo.

I ka lua o ka kahua o ka mahele o ia ka chromosomes i, e noho ma ka (Equator) o ka halepaahao, a paʻa i ka mahele kālī.

I ke kolu o ka anu u kaikamahine chromosomes paha chromatids hoʻomaka i ke kaʻina hana o ka divergence aie a hiki i kaʻauamo o ke keena manamana.

I ka hiki mua nalo kālī, a puni ka ua puehu chromosomes hoʻomaka i ka hana i ka nukelea wahī. Ma hope iho o ia i hookaawale ai i ka cytoplasm a me ka kaikamahine aeee i hana. No ka mea, ke kelepona hele mahele ia lŘlŘ.

meiosis

Meiosis ua loa pinepine me ka pili moe nā'ōlelo o ke keena a me ke kahua o ke keka keena ma ka fungi, mea kanu a me nā holoholona. Cell mahele ua haku o nā ka mea i hahai ana ka mea mamuli o kekahi keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka mahele, nae chromosome a pāpālua hoʻi ia lŘlŘ pono ma mua o ka mahele mua. Ia mea ke kumu o ka kūpono keena komo ka hapalua o ka helu ana o chromosomes. Ke kaʻina hana o ka meiosis maupaʻa ka papa kuhikuhi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao elua - mua mahele ana a me ka mahele ana i, kela mea keia mea o ka i ua maheleia i mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

Ma kaʻanuʻu mua ma mua ka mahele ana i chromosomes i ma mull pono i nanaia. Penei homologous chromosome paʻa hoʻomaka i ka hana, paa i loʻohia ai i kekahi i kekahi, a laila, kihi loa ana kona lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa. Mahope, homologous wahi o na chromosomes haawi aku i na Hoʻohana ma waena o kekahi i kekahi, a ua kaawale. E möakäka hou homologous chromosomes pono laina mai ma ka equator. Ma ka mea e hiki mai ana ke kahua i nā chromosomes, a iloko o elua chromatids hoʻomaka e diverge i na auamo. Ke discrepancy o kēlā me kēia mau mea kuokoa o ka'ē aʻe hui o chromosomes divergence. Pela i hana kaikamahine keena me ka hapalua o ka helu ana o chromosomes.

Ka lua o ke kelepona hele mahele. Keʻanuʻu mua komo ai i ka make ana o ka mea nukelea wahī, a me ka nalowale ana o nucleoli. Mahope ikea kālī. A laila, pono laina i ka chromosomes mai ma ka (Equator) ma ka hoʻopili i ka kālī. Ma ke kolu o ke kahua nā chromatids kaikamahine aeee ke kiʻekiʻe o diverge i na auamo. Ma hope iho o ia, aia no na keena me he hookahi huapalapala o chromosomes. E möakäka hou germ aeee i hana. ua hoihoi hou ia ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻi pū o gametes ka helu ana o chromosomes i loko o ka hou halepaahao.