Albrecht Durer: Kawaihae a me ka hana. Hana ma Albrehta Dyurera: papa

A. Dürer (1471-1528) - ka nui German artist, a ma na makahiki hope o kona olaʻana a me oe theorist. Kona Kawaihae a me ka hana e pili loa ua hoʻopili i ka pakebona. Na hana e Albrehta Dyurera a me kēia lā,ʻo na connoisseurs o oe. Makemake e ike hou aku e pili ana ia? Life a me ka hana ana o Albrehta Dyurera hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o kēia 'atikala.

maʻamau vitae

Kona makua kāne i kekahi kanaka maoli o Hungary, ke kahuna hana kala. Albrecht aʻo mua me kona makua kāne, a laila, ma Michael Wohlgemuth, pena a me ka mea kahakaha, mai Nuremberg. 1490-1494 - "Makahiki o ka noho malihini", koi 'ia ma ka mea i loaa i ka inoa o ka haku. Albrecht lilo i kēia manawa i loko o nā kūlanakauhale o ke keena Rhine (Strasbourg, Colmar, Basel). Here ia i komo i ka pōʻai o ka buke nā mīkini paʻi, a humanists. Ua ua ike ia Dürer makemake e hoʻoikaika 'ana i loko o ka engraving ma ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia M. Shogauera ma Colmar, akā, i loaʻa iā ia e ola ana. laila, hoomaka ae la Albrecht e noiʻi i nā hana a pau o keia haku, i kāna mau keiki kāne, e noho ana no hoi Artists e kamailio pu ana.

I ka 1494, hoi aku la oia a hiki i Nuremberg Albrecht Dürer. Kawaihae, a hana ia i kaulana i ka manawa o ka nui hanana. Ua Ua laila, e paa ka mare ana i Agnes Frey, e like me oaka ae la kona iho o Nuioka ma. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, Albrecht hoʻoholo ihola e hana i ka hou hele ana, i kēia manawa ke kohoʻana i ka'ākau Italy. He hele aku la i Padua, a Venice i ka 1494-95, niioaaonoaaiii. Ma Venice, Dürer hele, a me ka 1505, hoomaha iho la oia malaila a hiki i 1507. Albrecht mau makamaka, a me ka Emperor Maximilian I pili i ka 1512. Apparently, i ka mea ia manawa, Dürer hoomaka ae la e hana no ia ia, a Maximilian ka make ana, i mai ai i ka 1519 ua maopopo loa i kipa no hoi Albert ka Netherlands. I ka wā mai ka 1520 a hiki i 1521, kona la e hele ana i na kulanakauhale e like me Palukela, Aioaa? Iaia, Ghent, Bruges, Malines, a me na mea e ae.

ʻike hoʻokumu Durer

Albrecht Dürer, Kawaihae a me kaʻike hoʻokumu o i coincide me ke ala hou ana o ka German pakebona, hiki ole noho aku, mai ka mea kū i mai o kona manawa. Ua ua he pilikia, pili kēia disharmonious wā. Kona ano haʻalele kona hoailona ma luna o nā mea a pau ano o ke akamai. Ke hou i loko o nā hana o Albrecht accumulates ka originality a me ka richness o Kelemānia nō kuʻuna. Ka mea, hoike mai ia lakou iho i loko o ka palapala o ka dyurerovskih huapalapala kahi loihi, mai ka nani mai o ke kuanaʻike o ka panina maikaʻi. Eia hou, i ka haku ka makemake o nā hanohano nō hoʻi, uku nui nānā i kanaka au mamuli. O ka nui e nui no ka Albrecht mea i ka hookahi manawa hui 'ana me ke akamai o Italy. ʻike hoʻokumu Albrehta Dyurera kaulana ana ia i ho'āʻo ai i maopopo i ka malu o kona manao maikai, a me ka lokahi. Dürer o ka hooponopono Luna o ka Northern pakebona, i mea multifaceted a me ka olelo o ka hoihoi, me ka makemake e maopopo i nā kānāwai o ke akamai, e hana hemolele huliāmahi o na kanaka huahelu hiki ke kau ma luna o ka par me na haku nui o ka Italia pakebona.

Nails

ʻike hoʻokumu Albrehta Dyurera like. He Ua hāʻawi lokomaikaʻiʻia me ka draftsman, mea akamai i a me ka pena. I ka Ia manawa ka engraving a me ka unuhi i aku la ia ia i kekahi manawa e alakai a Mānoa. More ma mua o 900 a lahilahi o ka hooilina i Dürer-pena. E like me ke ano a me ka kūāhewa o ka mea hiki ke hoohalikeia wale me na hana o Leonardo ka Vinci. Apparently, ke pena ua hapa o ka kela la i keia ola ana o ka haku. Dürer wahi aku me ka ke kahu moku a pau na Kimia i kūpono o ka manawa - mai ka lanahu, watercolor, penikala i Italian naʻu, peni, a me ke kala kui. Like no ka Italia haku, unuhi ua lilo nui i kahua no ka Durer compositing. Kēia kahua komo pū Studi, sketches o nā poʻo, wāwae, i na mea kaua, draperies.

No ka Durer unuhi i ka mea hana me ka mea āna i aʻo i ke ano ano - Nuremberg fashionistas, pono-lole keonimana a me nā kauwa. Illustrious hana Albrehta Dyurera - ". He'āpana o ka turf" Watercolor Masters "hare hoi" (kiʻi ma luna) a me ka Lakou i hana ai me chilly poe, a ua pinepine 'i hiki e ki io no ka' epekema nā loina.

i ka moʻo o Landskap

Ka mea mua nui hana o ka haku mea he moʻo o Landskap o 1494-95 makahiki. Kēia mau hana a Albrehta Dyurera i loko o watercolor a me ka gouache i kona holo ana i Italia. Ka mea, e pono 'O ke kaulike,' ia ka haku mele 'māhele manao smoothly alternating me kekahi i kekahi. Kēia mau hana a Albrehta Dyurera nō ka mea mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Europa nō "maemae" Landskap.

"Christmas", "Adoration o ka Magi", "Adamu laua me Ewa"

Akaka ala apuupuu naʻau i loko, i ka makemake o ka mea kākau i ka harmonious koena o ka pāpana a me nā kinona - i kēia mau mea i ka ano hiʻona o oe e Durer mai ka weuweu 15th kenekulia i ka hoʻomaka o ka lua o ka makahiki o ka 16th kenekulia. Kēia mea i ke kuahu o ka "Christmas", i puni 1498, a me ka pili ana i ka 1504 hana "Adoration o ka Magi," ma a Dürer lawe pu i ka pae ana o ekolu Magi, a Madonna laumania silhouettes, mālie hoʻopoepoe pāpana a me ka pio mai motif, haʻi akula kekahi mau manawa ma ka kuhikuhipuʻuone mea hoʻonani. Ma ka 1500s kekahi o na kumu nui Halaman o kaʻike hoʻokumu Albrecht i ka makemake, e huli i ka maikaʻi huliāmahi o ke kanaka kino. He imi i ko lakou mau mea huna, unuhi aku la ia nude wahine a kane huahelu. E noke i ka mea, o ka mea mua i loko o Germany, Albrecht hoomaka ae la e noiʻi i ka nude. Mau huli i ua hoʻoʻuluʻulu manaʻo i loko o ka 1504 engraving "Adamu laua me Ewa", e like me ia ma ka manaʻo o ma kahi o 1507 nui eponymous Waimanalo diptych.

"Adoration o ka Trinity" a me "ahaaina o ka lei kolona i"

Ka loa paʻakikī hana, harmonically kauoha pictorial mele mai i kekahiʻano o nā huahelu i loko o nā makahiki o ka makakū waiwai nui Albrecht Dürer. Pepeiaohao nui na hana o kona lolouila hookupaa i ka 1506 "Hamka o ka lei", i ka 1511 - "Ka Adoration o ka Uhane Trinity." "Ahaaina o ka lei kolona i" o kekahi o ka mea nui loa na hana ma Dürer (161.5 m 192 knm). Eia hou, ka mea, o kekahi o ka nui intonation lauana. E hana kokoke i ke akamai o ka Italia haku,ʻaʻole wale nō i nā manaʻo, akä, akā, i ko lākou vitality polnozvuchiem pena plethora o nā kiʻi (ka hapanui kiʻi), ka equilibrium mele, o ka laula o ke kākau 'ana. Ke kiʻi me ke kuleana "Adoration o ka Trinity", ia ho i ka meaʻuʻuku hana kuahu, rhythmic semicircles e resonate me ka e pio mai paʻa kuahu hui lana i loko o ka lani anela Man a me ka puali hemolele. Kēia kumu kohu ka "hihia" ma Raphael.

i kakahiaka nui kiʻi

Me kiʻi paakiki e noonoo ai i na hana Albrehta Dyurera. Picture iā ia i loko o kēia 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke i lehulehu, a nui loa hana hoihoi. Albrecht mea mua i loko o ka kakahiaka hana, hana e pili ana i 1499 (Makuahine o Oswald Krell) makana i ka hoʻokumu haku. He wahi aku me ka hoolilo aku hoi i loko ikehu ÷, ke kū hoʻokahi o keʻano. Ke kū hoʻokahi o Albrehta Dyurera moe ana ma ka oiaio i ka pakiko-kiʻi mea he alakaʻi i loko o ke kakahiaka wā o kona kiʻi hana. Back i ka 1484, ua hana i ka unuhi i ka kala kui, hooku iho la ia mamua i loko o kēia 'atikala. Here Albrecht depicts 13-makahiki-kahiko keiki. Kela manawa, ma ia manawa lima Durer alakai hou i ka pakiko-ike, a i hou hoʻomohala i loko o ka mua ekolu o kona mau pena-kiʻi. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hana 1493 i ka 1498 a me ka 1500 o ka. Ma ka hope hana (Hawaii photo ka mea, ua poe luna) hōʻike Albrecht ikaika, mai ke alo. Ka honua ma ka uuku umiumi a me ka lauoho lōʻihi o kona maka akau ka nani a mākou i ke kiʻi o Kristo Pantocrator.

kaha

ʻike hoʻokumu Albrehta Dyurera (1471-1528) mea hana hoihoi i loko o ia mea, lawe mai wahi like pono ma luna o ke keleawe a me ka luna o ka wahie. Albrecht huli engraving ma hope o Schongauer, kekahi o ka mea nui au kahiko. Ma na hana o Dürer i ka olelo o restless, restless uhane o kona makakū ano, e like me ka mea hana keaka pono kāna hana e lawelawe i hoohihiaia ia ia. Maʻoi Akä naÿe i ka ike a me ka mālie i kakahiaka nui nani loa na hana o ka haku i ua lilo i ka mea mua nui-pālākiō Kimia puke, a he 15 kaha ma ka theme like o ka Apocalypse. Mau hana i lawe mai ma luna o ka laau Albrecht hanaia i ka 1498. Durer kaha i loko o kā lākou mau mea 'ē aʻe ma mua o pena, ua nānā' ana ma luna o Kelemānia i waha. Ka mea, eʻikeʻia i loko o ka angular pinepine ',ʻoi ka neʻe' ana, overexpression kiʻi pāpana ka puahiohio, kokololio ka wawahi laina a me ka pā. Ke kiʻi o ka pōmaikaʻi copperplate engraving "Nemesis", e pili ana i ke kakahiaka nui 1500 i ka., Anei he formidable külana. Kēia puka o kekahi o ka maikai na hana ma Dürer.

"Life o ka Virgin", "Great kuko" a me ka "Small kuko"

, Ma ka Kimia kalapona "Life o Mary", hana ma kahi o 1502-05 makahiki, koʻikoʻi mea kākau i ka hoihoi i loko o nā lāliʻi o ke ano moʻokalaleo, like hoʻi me ka nui o nā lāliʻi - hiʻona typical o Kelemānia oe moolelo. Kēia Kimia moʻo o ka loa a me ka maopopo malie naʻau i loko. Mau'ē aʻe mea laa kuko o Kristo, wehewehe aku ma ka hana keaka hōʻike. Ua ua i mai o ka laau "Nui kuko" (ma kahi o 1498-1510 GG.), E like me ka pono me nā moʻo o kahakaha ma ke keleawe "Small kuko" (makahiki o ka honua nei - 1507-13, a 1509-11). Mau hana ma Dürer i ka loa kaulana i waena o kona wā.

Triptych 1513-1514 GG.

hula Engraving 1513 "Naita, ka Make, a me ka diabolo", e like me na hana mau o 1514 ( "Hieronymus ma aeea" a me ka "maaweawe") nui i kūlana ma ka Albrecht'āina hoʻoili. Ka mea i hana i kekahi ano o ka triptych. ka mea, i kēia mau hana a pau me ka haku virtuoso maalea. Ka mea, i kapa hoʻohanohanoʻia i ke nānā figurative lehulehu a me ka conciseness. Apparently, Dürer i hapai ae, e hana ia e like me he hookahi pōʻaiapuni. Aka hoi, o ka hana hiehie i ka pono a me ka philosophical mea hoʻomaoe, loa luna '(ka hoohalike ana o ka mea i hoʻolaʻaʻia i ka hailona o ka hana i keia la). Apparently, ke hoonoho "Manual o na Kristiano koa" E. Rotterdam i hooeueuia lakou e ke kiʻi o ka waena-elemakule mea kākau o ka leo koa, ka mea e neʻe maila i ka ike ole pahuhopu, ka nānā 'ana o ka diabolo, i kēia ma luna o kona mau kuʻekuʻe wāwae, e like me ka make olelo hooweliweli. Koa ua hooku iho la ia e ku e ia i ka pōhaku hihiuʻikena. He oluolu ke ike hana Albrehta Dyureraʻaʻole e mau ana. Summary o ka hua hoonoho mea nui no ka naauao o ke koa kiʻi.

Saint Jerome (kiʻi ma luna), ka mea i hele aku i nā mea a pau scientific haʻawina, o ka e ka contemplative ola a me ka uhane introspection. Ke kilohana eheu maaweawe, bapetizo i loko o kona gloomy manaʻo, hooku iho la ia e ku e ia i ke backdrop o ka chaotic puʻu o ka hoʻokēʻai-waikahe manawa huapalapala a Sciences, na mea paahana o ka oihana.

Ua Ua ana hoohalike ana me ka e ka ana 'restless kanaka uhane. E noke i ka pakebona humanists i loaʻa i loko o kanaka me ka maaweawe temperament, "kapu Akua pulakaumaka" ano akamai, i keʻano o kaʻike hoʻokumu. Nolaila, ua hiki ke olelo aku i loko o ka mau Ināhea i kaʻike hoʻokumu, a me Albrehta Dyurera. A komo i emi iho kona hope hana.

hope na hana

Dürer ma hope o 1514 hana ma ka pā hale o ka Maximilian I (hōʻike mai iā ia ma luna o kona kiʻi, i ma Albrecht). I loko o keia manawa i hana nui kūhelu kauoha Albrecht Dürer. Na hana i hana ia e ia, pono e ka hailona o ke akamai, akā, i pena i ka manawa-hoopauia'na loa o ia lithography, hana ma 192 papa. Keia hana ua kapaia "e pio o Maximilian I". Ua ua hua mai ma ka hana, koe wale Durer, he nui pūʻulu o Artists. Ma hope o ka huakaʻi no ka Netherlands, hana i ka 1520-21 makahiki., Mai Albrecht hoomaka i ka hou makakū impulse. I kēia manawa, he poʻe koa o ka mahuka sketches. Eia hou kekahi, he helu o ke olonā i Kimia kiʻi i na mea huahana Albrehta Dyurera. Papa inoa ia penei: i ma ka 1520 me ka lanahu , "Erazm Rotterdamsky", like hoʻi me ka hana ma ka 1521, "Lucas van Leyden" (i kala penikala), "Agnes Dürer", no ka hanaia'na o ka i hoʻohana i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia koʻokoʻo, a me na mea e ae.

Kiʻi o nā 1520s

Kiʻi i loko o ka 1520s lilo he nui ano moʻokalaleo Ke i loko o nā hana o Dürer. I keia manawa, i ke kiʻi i hana i loko o ka engraving ma ke keleawe koʻikoʻi humanists o kona manawa Albrecht Dürer. Major hana like penei: ma ka 1526 - Makuahine Filippa Melanhtona, i ka 1524 - Willibald Pirkheyma i ka 1526 - Erasmus. Ke pena ikeia i ka 1521 "Makuahine o ka Young Man" i 1524 - "Makuahine o ka Man," i loko o 1526 - "Jerome Holtsshuer" a me nā hana. Mau hana uuku i kapa hoʻohanohanoʻia impeccable haku mele 'ana, panina ike lea ana, ka mineta silhouettes. Ka mea, i spectacularly huikau contours nunui velvet beret a ākea-brimmed pālule. Ke compositional waena o kēia mau hana - o ka maka, ua pau-i, e ho okumu i ka maalea nā mahele o ka malamalama a me ka malu. Ma ka māhunehune perceptible lehalehu t olelo, i loko o kona mau maka, he akea-hamama mau maka, i loko o nā outlines iki uma ma ka minoʻaka a me ka hapa-hamama lehelehe, cheekbones i loko o ka hana mikiʻala huahelu a me ka neʻe mau kuʻemaka hiki ike ko läkou 'o ka uhane ola, pili. E wehe i Albrecht i loko o kona wā fortitude i nui ka unahiʻole, i loko o ka diptych "Lau poe lunaolelo" (kiʻi ma lalo nei), i ka hope haku o ka pena (1525). Ua Ua palapala no Nuremberg Dürer Hall. Ku nunui kii kahuna hai euanelio Mark, na lunaolelo Paul, o Petero, a me Ioane, ka mea ho i, e like me ka wā o ka haku, 4 temperaments.

ʻimi naʻauao hana, i ke kumukuai o kaʻike hoʻokumu

Ma nā makahiki, ke ola o Albrecht i paʻiʻiaʻimi naʻauao hana: alakaʻi ma luna o ke ana ana i alii, a me ka puni (ma 1525), e hooikaika i ka pā kaua, i nā pā kaua a me na kulanakauhale (i ka 1527), a me ka 1528 paʻi i ka hana "Lau puke ma luna o ke kanaka huliāmahi." Albrecht Dürer, i kaʻike hoʻokumu a me ka hopena mākou o i i manaoia, hala ae la ma Nuremberg April 6, 1528

Dürer ikaika i alakaʻi ai i ke kūpono 'ana o ka pau ana o ka German nō o ka hapa mua o ka 16th kenekulia. Kona mau kaha a me Italy nanea i ka nui holomua - i kauoha hoʻopuni ia. He nui na Ikalia 'o Puʻohala ua loaa ia i ka hopena o kona hana, me Pordenone a me Pontormo.