Archaisms, historicism, neologisms: ka wehewehena, examples o ka pono o ka 'ōlelo' Lūkini

Ke Lūkini 'ōlelo, uaʻeleu a me ka OE hua'ōlelo. I ka mua he o nā hua'ōlelo, kela mea keia mea o mākou hoʻohana kokoke i kela la, i ka lua o ka pūʻulu e kākaʻikahi hoʻohana ma o ka'ōlelo o ka olelo. Kēia nā archaisms, historicism, neologisms. Lākou hoʻokolokolo 'ana i wahi i loko o ka "Vocabulary a me lexicology."

ʻeleu a me ka OE hua'ōlelo

I ka hua'ōlelo o ka Lūkini 'ōlelo i loko o na miliona o ka hua'ōlelo. Linguists puunaue i nā'ōlelo a pau o ka Lūkini 'ōlelo i loko o nā pūʻulu -ʻeleu a me ka OE hua'ōlelo.

No ka OE hua'ōlelo nā hua'ōlelo i kama'āina i kekahi kanaka paha recognizable iā ia, akā, i ka kākaʻikahi i hoʻohana. Eia ka kaʻawale archaisms, historicism, neologisms.

No ka meaʻeleu hua'ōlelo i na olelo ana mākou hoʻohana loa pinepine. Mau nā kuikahi nei, a me pronouns, me ka olelo ana a mākou i ke ano o ke ao nei a puni mākou. 'O kēia ka inoa o ka lako, aahu, ka ai,'ōlelo, e hōʻike i ka pili ma, hana, me ke kuleana, a me na mea he nui' ē aʻe Emotions.

kēlā me kēia kanakaʻeleu a me ka OE hua'ōlelo mea kanaka a me ka hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kona mau makahiki, wahi o ka noho, 'oihana haʻawina. I loko o nā mea a pau o ko mākou ola ua hoʻololi kona leo i loko o kekahi olelo, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka helu o nā kumumea.

OE hua'ōlelo

No ka OE hua'ōlelo e OOAOAaXUEIE a me ka hou hua'ōlelo.

Iwaena o obsolete olelo maopopo ka papa kuhikuhiE pūʻulu elua: archaisms a me historicism. Ma ia E e kūkākūkā i loko o ka wahi mua, noonoo i ka wehewehena o ka mana e hana archaisms a me historicism, examples o na olelo.

New olelo a e mai ka hapa uuku o ka OE palena pau o ka 'ōlelo, a ua kapaʻia neologisms. Next, mākou e nānā i kā lākou ho'ākāka 'ana a me nā kumu o ka olelo.

archaisms

E hoʻomaka disassemble obsolete hua'ōlelo - archaisms a me historicism. Archaisms - OOAOAaXUEIE hua'ōlelo, a ianoiyuaa a disused. 'O kēia ka mea kahiko inoa a me ka inoa o kēia mea. Pinepine hele mai e puku archaisms 'ē olelo e haawiia keia i ka ia manaÿo a me ka mea i OOAOAaXUEIE hua'ōlelo. Ka mea, kēlā i ka laekahi like paha, i loko o nā hua'ōlelo, i ka hua'ōlelo hua'ōlelo'ālike.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka ano o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana, ma laila nō archaisms:

1. Lexical, a i auou caiaiai ma na olelo e i okoa kumu ae. Mau olelo e hiki ole ke ike me ka ike ana i ka unuhi 'ole ka palapala cia. O kekahi mau huaʻolelo e like me waha - lehelehe, manamana lima - manamana lima, kanaka hoohalike olelo - unuhi.
2. Lexical-hua'ōlelo ho okumu. Ma keia kulana, ka archaic, a me kaʻiʻo nō o kēia mana i ka ia kumu, akā, oko ma ka olelo-ho okumu morphemes. No ka laʻana, he mau makamaka, - i ka hoalauna, lawaia - lawaiʻa.
3. Lexical a me ka phonetic - okoa mai ka laekahi 'mana o phonetic manao. No ka laʻana, ka mea haku mele - he haku mele, gistoriya - mōʻaukala, cipher - helu.
4. Lexical-semantic. Kēia nā archaisms i mea no functioning i loko o ka 'ōlelo, oiai ka he okoa manaʻo. No ka laʻana, i ka hua'ōlelo hilahila mua ia mea i ka hoikeia i kēia lā - ka hilahila a me ka hilahila.

I ka pau ana o keia 'atikala mākou e nānā i ke kūlana o archaisms ma ka Lūkini' ōlelo, o ka oi aku moʻokalaleo. Archaisms hoʻopaʻa 'ia ma ka puke wehewehe ia "obsolete".

historicism

Historicism kapa hua'ōlelo mea i hoʻohana e hoʻohuli i i hua'ōlelo a me nā mea i ola ma mua, akā, nalowale mai ko kakou mau ola. Historicism, examples o a mākou kaua loa pinepine ia i loko o ka moʻokalaleo - ka policeman, ke stationmaster, pud, a oi. Këia mau manaÿo e functioning i keia la ma ka mōʻaukala buke a me nāʻoihana aliʻi, kahiko nā puke a me nā nūpepa.

By historicism nā hua'ōlelo i ke ano o ka lehulehu ala o ke ola, i ka inoa o nā kulanui, a me nā luna oihana keia oihana, koa kaua, 'ikamu a me ka weaponry, kahiko naehana, kālā, a me ko ka hale ona mau. No kekahi laʻana: he tavern, kapakomo, lāʻau kīkī wela, pa a ke ku i ka jackpot, ka lackey, ka Meia, ka gunner.

He nui ka e hoailona oukou i ka historicism mea ole synonyms. He mea nui, e hoomanao, e like me ka mea i kekahi o nā kūlana o ka historicism.

Word-historicism ua hoi i ai i ka puke wehewehe a oe hulina wae "obsolete", emi "ist". Nō hoʻi i loaʻa i loko o nā puke wehewehe historicism, ma kahi e hiki ke ike ole wale i ke ano o ka olelo, akā, no ka ike no hoi me ke kiʻi o ka mea e ho i ka manaʻo.

Historicism a me archaisms: i ka unuhi i ka hua'ōlelo o

Muli o kona kulana pinepine haumana a me nā haumāna, a me ka hoʻi kanaka i ka mea,ʻaʻole e pili pū ana i ka philology, i ka ninau aicieeaao: mea archaisms okoa mai historicism? Ka papa likeʻole o ia ka archaic - obsolete inoa o kekahi mea a me ka manaʻo i mea no makana i loko o ko kakou mau ola. Historicism pili ia i ka manaÿo a me nā mea i lōʻihi obsolete.

E like me ua oleloia, kekahi hanohano nō hoʻi hiʻona - archaisms i synonyms, historicism -ʻaʻohe. Ma muli o kēia mau hiʻona kiʻiona, e hiki wawe ka pohihihi mai a waeʻano i kekahi OOAOAaXUEIE hua'ōlelo.

neologisms

Neologisms - hua'ōlelo i hōʻike i ka hopena o ka hou Aey? Acaeoey a me manaÿo. Kekahi manawa i ka olelo o ka neologism, hope ka mea, lilo ia obscheupotreblyaemym, a komo i kaʻeleu hua'ōlelo o ka 'ōlelo.

Neologisms hiki nā ala mai, mai ka ulu ana o ka enehana, a me ka noho mai o nā kākau o ka peni. Penei, i ke kumu o ka hua'ōlelo "lawe i ka noho hoʻi" ua F. M. Dostoevsky, a me ka hua'ōlelo "hana" Ua hoʻolauna i loko o ka hua'ōlelo o N. M. Karamzin. Ma ke kumu o keia kala copyrights a me na 'ōlelo neologisms.

Ma kekahi mau manawa o ka neologisms mau hua'ōlelo e like me ke kaʻa, he rocket, he kamepiula lawe, unahi kona, a he nui na mea e ae. A hiki i ka hoʻohana 'ana o neologisms kona piko kīnā a me kā lākou mau manaʻo i akaka i ka a pau, i kēlā mau'ōlelo e koho e hele i ka waeʻano obscheupotreblyaemyh.

Inā historicism a archaisms i kākau i loko o ka puke wehewehe'ōlelo me ka kūikawā hoailona, na neologisms komo nā puke wehewehe ma hope o kekahi hapa o ka hana kokua i ka'ōlelo nenoaiu o wale. Eia naʻe, i loko o nā makahiki e hoomaka ana e hoopuka kūikawā puke wehewehe o neologisms.

kumu o ka

Mākou i manaoia archaisms, historicism, neologisms. Ano, he mau olelo e pili ana i na kumu no kā lākou mau hanana.

Ke kumu no ka hoʻololi o hua'ōlelo, mai ka hana a hiki i ka OE hua'ōlelo ua nō i maopopo ma ka au mamuli. A ina historicism mea oi a emi maopopo, no ka mea ma hope o ka nalowaleʻana o ka manaʻo o ka hoʻokohu 'ia i kana olelo, hele aku i loko o ka OE palena pau, mai ka archaisms ia mea nui oi huikau.

Loa pinepine haawiia e like me ka hahai ana i kumu o archaisms: izmenija kela nohona, nohona kanaka aʻe, okoa'ōlelo kumu - ole o nā 'ōlelo' ē, stylistic kamaʻilio, 'ōlelo mihi.

Ke kumu nui no ka muli o neologisms nā:

- likeʻole izmenemeniya i loko o ka lawelawe ana;

- oaoieei-holomua, i mea, i keʻano o hou mea, manaÿo a me kaʻike manaʻo.

I kēia lā, ka hapanui neologisms e pili ana i ka hooulu ana o ka kamepiula 'epekema a me ka kamepiula wilikî.

stylistic cia

A mau olelo e pili ana i ka stylistic kūlana o nā hua'ōlelo i loko o ka OE hua'ōlelo o ka Lūkini 'ōlelo. Ka loa mau hoʻohanaʻikepili e puhi ia o nā hua'ōlelo i loko o moʻokalaleo.

Penei, ka hoʻohana 'ana o archaisms kōkua i hou pololei recreate i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i ho'ākāka' ia i au wehewehe aku ma ke ano me ke kōkua o kona leo. He oiaio, he paena i kekahi 'ia i loko o ka'ōlelo o kekahi mau huapalapala dominates i ka hua'ōlelo hou, no ka hana i oi ke kālā no, i loko o ka'ōlelo i ka' ē aʻe - i ka kekahi, obsolete a Hebera. Penei, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo kokoke mai i ka manaʻoʻike a me ka nohona kiʻi o keʻano.

E hoʻohana i ia i loko o poetic ka olelo, e haawi aku i ka oi hōʻuluʻulu, sublime 'ia nā pōpō huahana. Ke satire archaisms e hoʻohana i ka hana i kekahi puke kātuna a satirical hookoia, e haawi ana i ke Kai.

Këia ma ke kula

Part o archaisms, historicism, e? Anoee neologisms i kula ma haʻawina o Lūkini 'ōlelo a me ka moʻokalaleo. Nō kāu, familiarity me ka olelo papa ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka lima a me ka umi o ka papa i loko o ke ao Radel "Lexicology". Nā haumāna i aʻo e hoomaopopo hua'ōlelo, a loaʻa iā lākou i loko o nā hāʻina o nā haʻawina o nāʻano likeʻole. Eia hou, këia i ka Classics, uaʻalo mākou me ka malihini'ōlelo iā mākou, ka poe i noho loa mai o ka i, e kama'āina i ko lakou ano, kumu.

Këia ma ke Kulanui

A oi piha pōkole i ka hana a me ka OE hua'ōlelo o ka Lūkini 'ōlelo i hoʻomaka ma nā kulanui i loko o ke ao o ka "Lexicology" pauku. Pinepine ia mea i loko o kona lua o ka makahiki ma ka'āuna kumu o Philology. Nā haumāna i aʻo aku i archaisms okoa mai historicism, pehea a me kahi mea e loaʻa i ka manaʻo o kēia mau hua'ōlelo, pehea e classify ia lakou e like me kā lākou mau kumu, e hooholo i ka hana ana o kekahi mau hāʻina o nā haʻawina.

Nā haumāna i hiki i kā lākou mau vocabularies, aʻo e loaʻa i ka OE hua'ōlelo i loko o nā haʻawina, a puku ia, e kālailai i ke kumu o neologisms, nā kumu no ka nalowaleʻana o nā hua'ōlelo i loko o kaʻeleu Media 'ikamu Lūkini ka palapala, ai' ōlelo.

mea, ua ulu

Ma kekahi OE hua'ōlelo o ka Lūkini 'ōlelo ninoieo o na kēia mau pūʻulu o ka hoailona: archaisms - OOAOAaXUEIE inoa o nā hua'ōlelo a me ka manaÿo, historicism - nā inoa o nā mea a me nāʻike manaʻo, hele mai mākou' ikamu, neologisms - hua'ōlelo hoʻohana e wehewehe hou manaÿo.

e hoʻohana 'ia Obsolete hua'ōlelo i loko o ka moʻokalaleo ka wā kākau mōʻaukala hāʻina o nā haʻawina, e recreate i ka lewa o ka manawa i hoakakaia ma ke huahana.