"Borodino Field" - Ka Hale Hō'ike'ike Mo'olelo Mo'olelo Moku'āina Borodino

'O ka papa'o Borodino'a'ole kahi wale nō o ka'āina, akā, he hō'ailona ho'i no nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka hanohano koa o nā koa Lūkini nāna i pale i ko lākou'āina makuahine ma ka XIX wale nō, akā i ka XX XX. He aha ka mea e hō'ike nei ma hope o nā makahiki he nui ma hope o ka lanakila nui o ko mākou mau pilikina? 'O Borodino māla, kahi ki'i hiki'ole ke hō'ike i ka nui o kēia wahi mō'aukala, i kēlā me kēia manawa e hele aku kēlā Lūkini a pau.

Nā'ike nui

He nui nā'ōpio, e aloha nei i ka mo'olelo nani o ko mākou moku'āina,'ike maika'i i ka papa Borodino. 'Auhea kahi kahi kaua o ka pū'ali koa Farani kaua o Napoleon a me ka pū'ali Lūkini e'ike'ia e nā malihini he nui. 'O ia ke kumu nui o kēia kaua koko i hana'ia ma ka Patriotic War o ka makahiki 1812. Ma nā'ano he nui, ho'ololi i ka mo'olelo o ka mō'aukala'a'ole wale no ka Pākē Lūkini wale nō, akā, no'Europa ho'i.

He'āina nui'o Borodino, e moe ana i ke komohana o ke kūlanakauhale'o Mozhaisk. Aia ia ma ka pūnaewele o kahi noho'āina. Loa'a iā ia ka inoa like - Borodino. 'O kēia ho'onohonoho'ana no ka'ao'ao Mozhaisk o ka moku'o Moscou. Ua kūkulu'ia ma kahi kokoke i ke kauhale o Borodino. 'O kēia kahi i lilo i mea ho'omana'o no ka nani a me ka mana'o kūpono'ole o nā koa Lūkini.

'O ka Hale Hō'ike'ike o ka Hale Hō'ike'ike-Museum, i kapa'ia'o "Borodino Field", he mea ho'omana'o ia no nā Patriotic Wars. Ua'ike'ia ia ma nā'āina he nui o ka honua nei. Ua mana'o'ia'o ia ka hale mele kahiko i kūkulu'ia ma nā kahua kaua. 'O ka palena'āina o ka'āina he 110 square square. Km. Aia i'oi aku ma mua o 200 mau wahi ho'omana, nā hale me nā monuments ma laila. 'O kekahi o nā mea kaulana loa o lākou,'o ia nā pou kauoha o Napoleon a me MI Kutuzov, he wahi ho'omana'o, he mau monumoku ma kahi e noho ai nā pū'ali koa Lūkini.

Ka hanohano o ka mo'olelo o nā pū'ali Lūkini

Ma ka lā 26 o'Aukake (e like me ke'ano hou o Sepatemaba 7) o ka makahiki 1812, ua hana'ia kahi kaua nui ma ka'āina o kahi ho'ohui'āina hou i waena o ka pū'ali Farani o Napoleona a me nā pū'ali Lūkini. Akā'a'ole kēia kaua wale nō o Borodino he mea ha'aheo o nā mea noho. I ka makahiki 1941-1942 makahiki. Ma kēia pae'āina ka pae mua o ka pale aku o Moscow.

Ho'opiha'ia ka palapala'āina o ka'āina Borodino me nā hō'ailona like'ole e kuhikuhi ana i kēlā mau wahi a me nā wahi ho'opoina'ē a'e. 'O nā hanana nui o ka hakakā o Farani-Russian ma waena o nā alanui Smolensk'elua. Ma kēia pae'āina ua ho'onohonoho'ia kekahi mau pū'ali koa nui:

• Ho'ohui'ia (Semenovsk);

• Nānā i ka Shevardinskiy;

• Ke kikowaena o Rayevsky.

Nā hopena o ke kaua

E like me ka moʻolelo, ka 'ikepili i loko o ke kaua o Borodino i hele e 120 tausani Lūkini koa a me 135.000 Palani. He 624 mau pūkani Lūkini me ko lākou mau hoa hakakā - 587. Ua ho'omaka'ia ke kaua ma ka hopu'ia e ka Farani o ke kauhale o Borodino kahi i noho ai i mua o lākou ka pū'ali koa o Lūkini. Ua ho'omaka'ia nā hanana nui o ke kaua ma ka hola 5 o ke kakahiaka, ma ka'ao'ao hema o ka pū'ali Lūkini. Ma kēia wahi kokoke i ka luawai'o Semenov kahi i ho'ohui'ia ai ko Bagration. Ua nui nā hola o ke kaua hakakā. Ho'ohui'ia nā manawa he nui i ka lima i nā lima hakakā lima. Ua uhi'ia ka honua i nā heana o nā koa a me nā lio. I loko o kēia kaua, ua loa'a i ke kāpena koa o ka pū'ali koa'elua o ka pū'ali koa'elua o ke Ali'i Kamehameha i ka'eha makehewa. Ma hope o kēlā, hiki i nā Farani ke hopu i nā kapa.

Ke ia brutal kaua ua no ka mea o na pu ki Rajewski, ka poe i ma ka waena konu o ka Lūkini kulana. I loko o ke kaua koko, a ua pepehi'ia nā tausani o nā koa ma nā'ao'ao'elua, ua hō'ike aku nā pū'ū Lūkini i ko lākou lanakila'ole e lanakila. 'Oiai ua hiki i nā Farani ke hopu i nā pakaua o nā Lūkini ma ke kikowaena a ma ka'ao'ao hema, ua'ae'ole'o Nāpōleon i ka ho'oholo'ana o ka'enemi e kū i ka make a ho'i hou i kona mau kūlana mua.

'O ka hakakā'o Borodino i ke koko nui i ka mo'olelo o nā lā o nā lā ho'okahi. Ua luku'ia he 45,000 po'e Lūkini a me 40,000 French. Ma ka manawa like, aia ma nā'ao'ao'elua he mau pō'ino'a'ole wale i nā koa, akā, i nā luna. I loko o kēia kaua, ua pepehi'ia nā'auhau Lūkini Russian a me 49 ma Farani, a ua ho'onāwaliwali loa'ia ka pū'ali koa wiwo'ole o Napoleona.

Ka inoa o ke kaua'o Borodino

'O ke kaua'o Borodino kekahi o nā koko koko loa i ka mo'olelo o ka pū'ali Lūkini. Ua hō'ike'ia me ka pololei loa i ka puke mo'olelo'o Tolstoy War and Peace. 'O ka hopena o kēia kaua'ana'o ka holo o Napoleon. 'A'ole'o ia i ha'alele iā Moscow wale nō, akā, ua nele kona pū'ali koa he mau tausani a me Farani.

Ka ho'okumu o ka hale hō'ike'ike

I ka makahiki 1837, ua kū'ai aku au iā Emperor Nicholas i ka inoa o kāna keikikāne'o Alexander i kekahi o ka waiwai i ka kauhale'o Borodino. 'O kahi hana nui i ka mālama'ana i ka ho'omana'o o nā koa o ka pū'ali Lūkini'o ia ka wehe'ana i ka lā 26 o'Aukake, 1839, he pōhaku ho'omana'o i nā koa Lūkini, aia ma ka pū'ali Rayevsky, a me ka pāpū o ka lehu o Bagration P. I kēia mua aku, kahi hale ho'omaha i ho'ola'a'ia no kekahi o nā kaua nui i ka mo'olelo o ka Russian 'O ke aupuni. Hiki ke hana'ia kahi nānā nui o ka mahina mai kahi ki'eki'e ki'eki'e, kahi e waiho ana ma hope o ke kauhale'o Gorki. Ma luna o ia i ka lā o ke kaua,'o ia ka mea i nānā'ia e M. I. Kutuzov. Wahi a ka mo'olelo kahiko, i ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kaua ma luna o ke aliikūkaua, ua ho'okō'ia kekahi'aeto, me ka mana'o e lanakila i ka po'e Lūkini. 'O kēia manu i kanu'ia ma luna o ka'āpana ma luna o kēia pu'u.

I ka makahiki 1912, a hiki i ka 100th anniversary of the battle, 33 mau monuments i nā māhele like'ole, nā ukali, nā hui, nā hui a me nā pali i ho'onoho'ia ma ka kahua kaua. 'O lākou a pau i ka nui o nā pu'u kanu kanu, ma nā kahawai a me nā kahawai. 'O ka hapa nui o nā monuments i kūkulu'ia ma luna o nā makana o nā luna a me nā koa i lawelawe ma nā pū'ali koa, e loa'a ana nā inoa o nā pū'ulu e hakakā ana ma lalo o Borodino.

Nā Monuments o Borodino

Hele ka po'e kipa i ka papa Borodino i ka manawa e'ike ai ma mua o 50 mau monumoku nani, i nā luna kaua koa kūikawā a me nā koa Lūkini kūikawā. 'O lākou a pau e ho'oki'eki'e nei i ko kākou mau kūpuna, e ho'okumu i ka mana'o aloha aloha i kēlā me kēia kanaka. 'O nā palena nui o ka moku Borodino:

• E ki'i i kahi kahua Marshal M. I. Kutuzov, i hana'ia e ka mea kākau kaulana Vorontsov-Velyaminov.

• Ho'opi'i i ka hopena.

• Na koa Farani i pepehi'ia.

• Ke kikowaena o Rayevsky.

• nā koa Lūkini.

• Utitsky Kurgan (Mountains Gardens).

• Ka Mokuna Pi'a 7.

• Nezhinsky dragoon regiment.

• Ka mea hana pūnaewele.

• 2 Mahele Cuirassier.

• Ka regiment Volyn.

• Kahe o General Bagration.

• I ka lithuanian regiment.

• Shevardinsky pāku'i.

• 3 Mokuna Pu'upu'u o ke Konovnitsyn P.P..

• "Ke ki'eki'e o Rubo".

• 24 mahele mokulele.

• Moscow a me Smolensk militia.

• Ka Regene Finnish.

• 3 Kahua Koa a me ka 1 Horse Horse.

• 12 Mokuna Pā'ani.

• 2 mau pu'alia lio o ka pana pua'oihana a Kāpena Raal F.F.

Ma ke alaloa, e pili ana i ke kauhale o Borodino me ka hale kū'ai, ke kū nei ka pahu T-34 ma kahi pae. Ua ho'ola'a'ia kēia pilina i nā koa o ka 5th Army e pale ana iā Moscow i ka makahiki 1941. 'O kahi hō'ailona ho'omana'o'o ka DOT o ka Mozhaisk i kūkulu'ia i kūkulu'ia i ka makahiki 1941.

'O nā kupapa'u ma'amau

Ma waho aʻeo ia i nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i a me obelisks, kekahi aia ma luna o ke koena nuipa kupapaʻu ma a moe i ka Lūkini a me Farani i na koa, ka poe i make i loko o ka makahiki o ke kaua o Borodino. Ma kahi kokoke i ke kahakai o Bakhyetev ka mahele o nā luna Lūkini i make i kēlā kaua. Ke iau-hookoe malaila Mass lua kupapaʻu o nā koa i make i loko o Utitskom ulu lāʻau. Ua kūkulu'ia ka hō'ailona ho'omana'o ma ka 1962. I ka manawa ho'okahi, ua loa'a nā koena o nā koa o nā pū'ali'elua ma kahi i loa'a ai kahi hākeke o Bahawai. Ma hope o ka pāpāiʻawa reburial Ua weheia hale kupapau o ka Unknown koa. I ka makahiki 1912, aia ma ka pūnaewele i ho'onohonoho'ia ai ka pelekikena o Napoleon, aia wale nō ke'ano ho'omana'o i ka po'e Frenchmen dead. Ua kakauia maluna iho: "Ua make i ka puali nui."

Aia ma ke kahua nā hale kanu o nā koa Soviet 1941-1942, kokoke kokoke i nā hō'ailona ho'omana e ho'ohanohano'ia ai nā koa o ka Patriotic War o ka makahiki 1812. No laila, aia ka hale kupapa'u o nā koa Soviet o ka 5th Army ma Borodino.

Ka Hale Hō'ike'ike Koa

'O ka Borodino'āina, aia i waenakonu o ka Hale Hō'ike'ike o ka Koa, e ho'okipa i nā haneli he mau haneli i kēlā lā i kēia lā. 'O ka hale i kūkulu'ia i ka makahiki 1912,'o ia wale nō ka manawa no ka 100th anniversary of the world-famous war that broke the course of the war of 1812. He hale nui ka hō'ike'ana i nā pua o nā koa hanohano i ka hala'ana o ke kaua'o Borodino.

Ke kahua kahua ho'omana'o a me ka ho'omana'o

Ma ka wahi ma kekahi manawa i kekahi o na flushes Bagration, i keia la e ku i ka nani kuhikuhipuʻuone a me ka hoomanao ai eiiieaena. Penei:

•'O ka Monastery Spaso-Borodino, kahi i hana'ia ai i ka makahiki 1830-1870.

• Ka Ekalesia o ka Mea Ho'ōla.

• Koloheky monastery, kahi i waiho ai ke ke'ena nui o Kutuzov M.I.

• Ka Ekalesia o ka hānau hānau, i kākau'ia ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia XVII.

'O ka Spas-Borodino Monastery i ho'okumu'ia e Margarita Mikhailovna Tuchkova ma kahi i make ai kāna kāne,'o General AA Tuchkov. I loko o kona hale i ka makahiki 1994, ua hana'ia he ki'i li'ili'i ma loko o 3 lumi. Ke ha'i nei e pili ana i ke ola o kēia mau mea nani nani a me ka mo'olelo o ka ho'okumu'ana o ka mō'ī. Aia ma ka lumi nui kahi ho'omana'o o General Tuchkov.

'O ka nohona hou o ka hale ho'olima-mālama

Ma ka kenekulia 21, ua ho'olako nā hale ho'okipa i nā malihini kipa me kahi ho'ouka hou i kapa'ia "Borodino - ke Kaua'o Giants." Aia ia i loko o kahi hale i kūkulu'ia me ka pāhana o Rayevsky. 'O ke kumu o ka hō'ike'ia'ana o nā mea maoli e pili ana i ke kaua'o Borodino. Loa'a iā: nā banners a me nā kūlana; Weapons; He mau koa o nā pū'ali koa'elua; Kāko'o; Palapala; Palapala 'Āina; Nā mea pilikino. Eia nā loa'a mai kahi kahua kaua. Aia i waena o lākou he mau'āpana o nā grenade, nā pahu, a me nā pulu. 'O kēia hō'ike he mau hana like'ole i hana'ia e ka po'e hui a me nā kauā o kēlā mau hana lō'ihi. Aia kekahi mau ki'i pena ki'i o nā mea hana ki'i o nā senetonu XIX-XX.

Ma ka'āina o ka moku Borodino aia kahi ho'onohonoho "Doronino", kahi ho'olā'au punahele e pili ana i ke ola koa a me ka noho malihini. 'O kāna mea nui loa,'o nā hale a pau, nā mea, nā mea a me nā kiko kiko'ī, he mea'oia'i'o.

Nā hō'ike'ē a'e o ka hale hō'ike'ike

'O kekahi o nā hō'ike nui loa o ka hale hō'ike'ike-mālama'ia,'o ia ka "Hō'ike Koa". Aia'o ia ma kahi ho'okipa o ka Church of the Savior-Borodino Monastery. Ua nui loa ke kaua ma ka papa Borodino, no laila ua hō'ike'ia ma kahi hō'ike he 70 mau ki'i o nā luna o ka pū'ali Lūkini, a he nui nā kaulana kaulana a kaulana'ole. 'O ka hapakolu o kēia mau ali'i i ka ho'oili kaua i hō'eha ai'ole hakakā paha. 'O ka hakakā ma ka papa Borodino e hilina'i nui'ia ana ma nā'ano henehene a kū.

'O ka pule Orthodox a me ke kūkulu hou'ana i nā kaua

'O Borodino ka māla mai ka makahiki 2005 i lilo i wahi no ka Hui Ho'ohanohano International "Hui". He nui nā kāko'o aloha aloha e komo i ka hana hou'ana,'o ia ka mea e ho'omau hou i nā kaua o nā Patriotic Wars o 1812 a me 1941. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, e ulu nui ana ka nui o nā hui i loko o lākou. 'O kēia mea ho'onanea ke hā'awi nei i nā po'e hou i ka manawa kūpono e nānā aku ai i nā hanana o ka mō'aukala o ko lākou'āina i nā maka o ka po'e i komo i loko. 'O kēia pilina me nā mea i hala e hala nei e hiki iā mākou ke'ike piha i ko mākou mo'olelo a me nā hanauna hou. Hiki i nā po'e komo ma nā hui pā'ani koa ke komo i ka māhele i nā papahana ho'ona'auao, ma ka hō'ike hō'ike, e hana i nā documentaries.

Pehea e hele ai i ka hale hō'ike'ike

Nui nā po'e e makemake e hele i ka māhele Borodino. Pehea e hele aku ai iā ia mai Moscow? 'A'ole hiki i ka pa'akikī ke hiki aku i kahi hale ho'olālā. Hiki iā'oe ke hele mai i'ane'i:

• By kaʻa, e hele mai i ka 102 ei o ka Minsk kuamoo. A laila e huli i ka'ākau, ma ke kuhikuhi'ana iā Mozhaisk. Mai laila, ma ka hō'ailona i ke kauhale o Borodino, pono'oe i 12 km wale nō.

• Ma ka ka'a, lawe i ke ala lō'ihi №457 "Moscow-Mozhaisk". Hiki iā'oe ke noho ma luna o ka haka ma kahi kūlana metro "Park Pobedy". A laila, hele'oe i ka ho'omaha "Borodino".

• Ma ke ka'aahi, hiki iā'oe ke ki'i mai ke ke'ena kūle'a o Belorussky i kahi o Borodino a hele i kahi o 3 km ka hale hō'ike'ike. 'O ka huaka'i hele'ekolu paha.

Ho'omaopopo'ia ka hale kū'ai punaewele i nā huaka'i hele'elua, a me nā māka'ika'i ma'amau. 'O nā mea hana akamai o ka hale hō'ike'ike e kōkua me ka koho'ia o ke ala ma waena o ka moku o Borodino a me ka papa hana a me ka mea ho'omana'o. E kama'ilio lākou e pili ana i kekahi manawa o kekahi o nā hakakā nui loa i ka mo'aukala o ko kākou Mokupuni.

Ma ke kauhale o Borodino aia kahi cafe "Mozhayskoe rancho", kahi e ho'omaha ai ka po'e māka'ika'i a ho'omaha.