Cannibalization - He aha ka keia? Policy collectivization i loko o ka USSR: kumu, kaʻina a me ka hopena

Inā mākou e olelo wale a me ka pokole, dispossession - he nui ka haoʻana o ka waiwai o na kauwa ma na 30s o ka hope ke kenekulia, o ka a he mau miliona o ke ola a me ka destinies. Ano, ua loaʻa i kēia kaʻina ia e puka, ia mea e pono ai ka mōhai o nā pohō.

omaka dispossession

Cannibalization, oa deprivation o kulak kua'āina ka hana, e hoʻohana i ka aina, i ka haoʻana o nā mea o ke-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, "loaʻa pākeu" o ka'ōnaehana, i wahi i loko o nā makahiki o ka collectivization.

Ka hoʻomaka ke e noʻonoʻo i ka lā o ka wehe '(30/01/1930) Politburo hooholo (b). Ua hoʻokau kaʻina hana, a me ka papa inoa o nā ana, e hoʻopau i ka kulak aina i wahi ma ka collectivization.

Naʻe, hoomaka ae la ka maoli dispossession nui mamua. Lenin i olelo e pili ana i ka pono, e hakakä i ka waiwaiʻauhau i kakahiaka nui me 1918. Ua i laila, i ua ua kūkulu i kūikawā Komite, a komo i ka haoʻana o ka ipu, ka aina a me ka ai.

"Mau puupuu lima"

collectivization pilikino E pili ua ai hawawa koʻu i haule iho ma lalo o ka mea, a me ka noho pomaikai kauwa, a me ka ia, he mamao loa ia mai ka pomaikai o ka heluna kanaka.

Nui nā paʻi hua o kauwa i ae aku, mai puʻe wale akula kēlā collectivization. Cannibalization - mea ole wale i ka hōʻole o ka hoʻokele waiwai. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o ke kauwa kipaku, repressed mākou i loaa i ka ohana a pau, nānā 'ole o ka makahiki. i na kamalii uuku, a me nā kūpuna i wai mulea loa ma Siberia, ka Urals, aneea oneiaey. All "kulaks" i e kali ana no ka hookupu. Ma a me ka nui, dispossession i loko o ka Soviet Union ua e like me ka holoholona hihiu ma na rula i mau hoʻololi. Special nā meaʻeʻe moku, aohe mea e pono ai - kuleana kekahi.

ʻO wai lā ke koko, e like me "kulaks" nō ka Soviet aupuni me ka hookolokolo ana. 'Oe ke kiʻi pohaku uinihepa, o ka mea ua ole i aloha a hele mai i loko o kue me ka kūloko Aupuni.

Kaʻino mea e pili i ka undesirable kanaka, ka poe i i kā lākou mau "excesses" luhi me Kaʻahumanu? Aaiuo. Ma mua, ua kapaia ka mea, "waena kauwa" a no kekahi manawa i i hoopa aku. Hope ka mea, i kekahi kākau ma ka enemi me ka hopena o na kanaka.

Na hoailona o ka kulak aina

kona symptoms i heluʻia no ka ka loaʻaʻana o ka kulak mahiʻai (SNK 1929). Me lakou pu o ka penei:

• Ka hoʻohana o ka hoolimalima hana i ka mahiʻai a me ka hana 'ē aʻe kihapai.
• Ke alo i loko o ka ona o ka mea wili palaoa kua'āina aila o nā mea wili, ka hua maloʻo a me kaʻai, i kekahi'ē aʻe me mechanical lako a pan i ka engine.
• Ka hoʻokuʻuʻole i nā mea a pau i ka luna maomeka.
• Hoolimalima pā no ka hale.
• Aula kālepa hana, 'uao' ana, loaa o unearned makahiki.

Nā kumu o ka dispossession

Ke kumu no ka mea, heʻoʻoleʻa kuwaho o na Aupuni o loa mea. Ka Mahiai ua mau Ua he kumu o ka ai no ka aina. Ma waho aʻeo ia keia nui hana, ka mea hiki ke kōkua Waiwai, i ka industrialization kaʻina. He oi paʻakikī e Makuakane me ka nui helu o ka liʻiliʻi, kuokoa aina. Ua mea nui maʻalahi e kahu ai mau nui. No laila, hoomaka ae la i ka aina o ka collectivization. Na Kūla Ao kumu o keia hanana - e lawe mai i ka Socialist hou 'ana o ke kauhale. i ho'ākāka 'ia i nā lā i ua kau no kona holomua manaʻo. ʻO kā mākou manawa o kona manaʻo - 5 makahiki (no ka ole-palaoa mau mea).

Eia naʻe, ua hiki ole i lawe wahi me dispossession. I ka mea, ua hoomakaukau i ke kumu no ka hanaia ana o like a me ka moku'āina aina.

Cannibalization - o ka hoʻopau o ka oi ma mua o 350 000 aina, luku ma ka waena o 1930. I ka uku o 5-7% o ka huina helu o kanaka aina maoli huahelu ua 15-20%.

Ke naoh o ke kauhale collectivization

Collectivization i loaa ma na noho o ka mea okoa kauhale. He nui nā kanaka ike ole e mea ia e lawe mai, a me ka ole maoli lii i keia cannibalization. A hiki aku na kauwa i hele mai a hiki i keia wale a me ka hainā, ka mea, hoʻonohonoho kue.

KekahiʻAʻole eʻole ke kanaka e luku ia lakou iho i kona aina, a pepehi activists ia ho i ka Soviet? Eia. E uhi i komo i loko o ke Kaiʻula Army ke kipi.

Stalinʻike ihola i ke kaʻina hana ke pilikia kona kaulana, a lilo i catastrophe pili aupuni, i kākau i ka 'atikala ma "Pravda". Ma ka mea,ʻo ia ikaika hoahewa i kaʻino a me ka hewa ia i nā hana keaka. Eia naʻe, i ole nona ka 'atikala ma ka hoʻopau o ka hewa, a me ka palapala no kona iho hoʻopulapula. Kela manawa, ma ka makahiki 1934, hoʻowahāwahā i ka ia'ku o kauwa i loko o like aina i hoohuliia mai 75% o ka kanaka aina.

hualoaʻa

Dispossession - he kaʻina hana i ua oopa ia i ka hopena o ka miliona o kanaka. Maka keia iloko o pehea e hoouna aku i loko o ka nui 'ohana loulou i noho pu no ka hanauna. I kekahi manawa, ua loaa mai i ka 40 kanaka, a me ka hoʻohui pūʻia keikikane, na kaikamahine, mau moopuna a me ka nui-moopuna. A pau nā lālāʻohana aliʻi i hana ikaika e hoʻomōhala i ko lakou waiwai. lawe aku la oia i ka mana a pau i hele mai me ka kumumea. Ke aupuni o ka heluna ua emi mai no 11 makahiki e 10 miliona kanaka. Kēia mea ma muli o ia mau kumu. I 1932-1933 ka mea, i starving no aneane 30 miliona kanaka. Mau mea i loko o i ulu palaoa (Kuban, Ukraine), ua i ka papa kuhikuhiʻia. Pololi i koi variously oaeuiinoe elima i ehiku miliona ola. He nui na make i loko o ke pioʻana, mai ka hana, malnutrition a me ke anu.

Ma aneiai hua'ōlelo, i kēia kaʻina 'aʻole e lilo i impetus no ka hooulu ana o ka mahiai. Ma ka mea ku ole, i ka hopena, ua disastrous collectivization. Aia ua Ua heʻoi emi ma ka helu o nā holoholona ma ka 30%, i hoemiia e 2 manawa o ka helu o ka puaa, a me ka hipa. Hua liilii-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, mea maʻa mau he nui 'atikala o Rusia ka waiwai hoʻolilo, haule iho ma ka 10%.

Nā mahiʻai o ka lehulehu waiwai, e like me "he huki". New? Aaiuo hana i loko o ka slipshod ano, ulu aihue a me ka mismanagement.

I ka lā, a pau loli ana i dispossession ike i luahi o ka pili aupuni repression. Local Aupuni mandated e noonoo a e hoʻoholo ma luna o piʻi rehabilitated poe kanaka. E hana i kēia, e pono e i ka olelo. Ma lalo o Lūkini kānāwai, ka mea hiki ke pili ole wale ka rehabilitated kanaka, akā, i ko lākou mauʻohana, i ka hoʻolālā kaiaulu a me ka hilinaʻi kanaka.