"Crime and Punishment": ka mo'olelo o ka hana'ana o ka mo'olelo

"Crime and Punishment", nona ka mo'olelo i haku'ia ma kahi o 7 mau makahiki,'o ia kekahi o nā puke kaulana loa a Fedor Dostoevsky ma Rusia a ma waho. I loko o kēia hana o ka papa mele kahiko o nā'ōlelo Lūkini, ua hō'ike'ia kāna taleni e like me ke kanaka kālaihana a me ka mea akamai i nā'uhane kanaka e like me ka mea ma mua. He aha ua paipaiʻia Dostoevsky i ka manaʻo o ke kākau i kekahi hana e pili ana i ke kai, a me ka ehaeha o ka naau, no ka mea, i kēia kumuhana mea i typical o ka moʻokalaleo o ia manawa?

'O Fyodor Dostoyevsky - ke po'o o ka puke noihana

Ua hānau'ia ka mea kākau ma ka lā 11 o Nowemapa, 1821 i ke kūlanakauhale'o Moscow. 'O kona makuakāne,'o Mikhail Andreevich, he ali'i nui, he kākā'ōlelo ho'okolokolo, a'o kona makuahine,'o Maria Feodorovna, ka mamo a kekahi'ohana kalepa.

Ma ke ola o Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky aia nā mea a pau: ka hanohano nui a me ka pō'ino, nā pō pouli i loko o ka Peter a me Paulo pa'a a me nā makahiki he nui o ka ho'opa'i, ka hō'alo i ka pā'ani a me ka ho'opi'i'ana i ka mana'o Karistiano. I loko nō ho'i o ke ola o ka mea kākau mo'olelo, ua ho'ohana'ia kēlā'ano epithhet e like me ka "akamai" i kāna hana.

Ua make'o Dostoevsky i ka makahiki he 59 ma emphysema. Ua ha'alele'o ia i kahi ho'oilina nui - nā puke, nā poem, nā papale, nā leka, a pēlā aku. I loko o nā puke Lūkini,'o Fyodor Mikhailovich ka wahi o ke po'okela psychologist a me ka'ike o nā'uhane kanaka. 'O kekahi mau mea kākau'ōlelo (e like me Maxim Gorky),'o ia ho'i ma ka manawa Soviet, i kapa'ia'o Dostoevsky "'ike hewa", no ka mea, ua mana'o lākou i ka mea kākau i kāna mau hana i pale i ka mana'o "hewa" politika - kūpa'a a ma kekahi manawa o ke ola e like me ka mō'ī. Eia na'e, hiki i kekahi ke paio me kēia:'O nā mo'olelo a Dostoevsky'a'ole'o ka'oihana kālai'āina, akā, he mau manawa no ke aloha o ka na'au,'o kā lākou pahuhopu ke hō'ike i ka'uhane a me ke ola e like me ia. A'o ka hana'o "Crime and Punishment" ka hō'oia'i'o loa loa o kēia.

'O ka mo'aukala o ka mo'olelo "Crime and Punishment"

Ua ho'ouna'ia'o Fyodor Dostoevsky i ka makahiki 1850 i ka ho'opa'i ma Omsk. "'O ka hewa a me ka ho'opa'i,"'o ka mō'aukala no ka mea i ho'okumu'ia ma laila, ua kau mua'ia i ka makahiki 1866, a ma mua o ka mea e pono'ole ai ka mea kākau e ho'opa'a i nā lā maika'i loa o kona ola'ana.

I ka makahiki 1854, ua ho'oku'u'ia ka mea kākau. Ua kākau'o Dostoevsky i ka makahiki 1859 i kahi leka i kona kaikua'ana ua'ike'ia ka mana'o o kahi palapala ha'iha'i iā ia i ka wā e moe ana'o ia i loko o nā momona lepo i nā makahiki 50 a ke'ike nei i nā manawa'oi loa loa i kona hopena. Akā'a'ole'o ia i wikiwiki e ho'omaka i kēia hana, no ka mea,'a'ole'o ia i maopopo he ola.

A no laila, i ka makahiki 1865,'o Dostoevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich, no ka nele i ke kālā, hō'ailona i kahi ku'ikahi me kekahi mea ho'olaha, a'o ia ho'i e ho'olako i kahi puke hou ma Novemaba, 1866. Ma hope o ka loa'a'ana o ka uku, ua ho'oponopono ka mea kākau i kāna mau hana, akā, ua pākani ka mea hō'ailona me ia: ua pau nā dala i koe i Wiesbaden,'a'ole i ho'oku'u'ia e nā mea hale hōkele iā ia, akā ua ho'ōki'ole i ka hānai'ana a ua pale'ia ka mālamalama i loko o ka lumi. Ma kēia'ano ua ho'omaka'o Dostoevsky i ka "Crime and Punishment".

Ua kokoke loa ka moolelo o ka hana'ana o ka puke: ua holo ka'ōlelo - hana ka mea kākau ma ka hōkele, ma kahi mokuahi, i kona ho'i'ana i Petersburg. Ua ho'opau'o ia i ka mo'olelo, a laila ... lawe a puhi i ka palapala.

Ho'omaka hou'o Dostoevsky i ka hana hou, a'oiai ua pa'i'ia nā papa'elua o ka papahana a ua heluhelu'ia'o ia e ka Petersburg a pau, ua pi'i'o ia i nā uku i koe,'o ia ho'i ka epilogue.

Nā papa helu I-II o ka puke

"Crime and Punishment" - ke'ike maopopo'ia nei ka mana'o o ka puke i ka inoa o ka hana.

'O ka mea kū'ē - Rodion Raskolnikov - ua ho'oholo e pepehi a hao wale i ka wahine kahiko. Ma kekahi'ao'ao, ua hō'oia ke kanaka'ōpio i kāna hana ma ka mea'o ia a me kona'ohana i nele. Mana'o'o Rodion i kona kuleana no ka hopena o ka po'e kokoke, akā, no ka kōkua'ana i kekahi mea o kahi kaikuahine a me ka makuahine, pono'o ia i ka nui o ke kālā. Ma kekahi'ao'ao, pepehi ka pepehi kanaka i ka hana hewa a hewa.

Ho'okō pono'o Rodion i ka hewa i hāpai'ia. Akā, ma ka'ao'ao'elua o ka mo'olelo, ua kūpono'o ia i kahi pilikia'oi aku ka'ino ma mua o ka paukū - e ho'omaka ana kona mana'o e ho'oweliweli iā ia. Ua maka'u'o ia, ua'ike'ia e ka po'e a puni e'ike i kāna hana. 'O ka hopena, ua ho'omaka'o Rodion e ma'i. Ma hope o ka ho'oponopono'ana, ua mana'o nui ke kanaka'ōpio e pili ana i ka hā'awi'ana i nā luna aupuni. Akā'o ka pilina me Sonia Marmeladova, a me ka hō'ea'ana o nā mākuahine a me nā kaikuahine ma ke kūlanakauhale no kekahi manawa e ha'alele iā ia i kēia hana.

'O ka helu o ka III-IV hapa o ka puke

'O nā koa o ka mo'olelo "Crime and Punishment" i ka 3 a me ka 4 o ka hapa e alualu mau i kā lākou mau pahu hopu.

Ma nā lima o ke kaikuahine o Rodion - Duni - e noi koke aku i'ekolu mau kahu: ke kākā'ōlelo'o Pyotr Luzhin, ka mea nona ka'āina'o Svidrigailov lāua'o Rodion - hoaloha'o Razumihin. Rodion Razumihin a hooponopono iho i e hookahuli i ka n ieaie? Ahaaina mare Dunya a me Luzhin, akā, i ka hope o nā lau huhu a me ka manao ana pehea e lawe hoopai.

Ua pili aku'o Rodion Raskolnikov iā Sonya Marmeladova, ke kaikamahine a kona hoa i make. Kōkua lākou me ke kaikamahine e pili ana i ke ola, ho'olālā manawa.

Akā ma luna o Rodion e kau ana kekahi ao'ele'ele - aia kekahi mau'ike i hō'oia'ia ma ka'apū polia e hele pinepine'o Raskolnikov i ka mea pepehi kanaka. Ke ho'oku'u'ia nei ke kanaka'ōpio mai ka luna poli mai, akā'o ia ka mea nui i mana'o'ia.

'O ka helu o ka māhele V o ka mo'olelo. Epilogue

'O nā hanana nui loa o ka mo'olelo "Crime and Punishment" ma nā pū'ulu mokuna no ka hapa lima o ka hana a me ka'ōlelo.

Ua ho'ā'o'o Luzhin e pani iā Sonya Marmeladova, e kumakaia iā ia no ka'aihue a hakakā me Raskolnikov. Akā, ua pau kāna kumumana'o, akā'a'ole i kū'o Rodion i ka'ōlelo a Sonya i ka pepehi kanaka kū'oko'a.

'O ka hewa no ka hewa o Raskolnikov ka mea i'ike'ia e ka haole, akā ua maopopo i ka mea noi'i'o Rodion ka mea nāna i hana i ka hewa, no laila hele'o ia i ke kanaka'ōpio a ho'ā'o e hō'oia hou iā ia e ha'i.

I kēia manawa,'o Svidrigailov e ho'ā'o nei e loa'a'o Dunya ma ka ikaika,'o kahi kaikamahine maka'u wale iā ia me ke kipi. Ke hala ka mea kaua, a maopopo'o Dunya i ka mea nona ka'āina i aloha'ole'o ia iā ia, e ha'alele'o Svidrigailov i kāna kaikamahine. Me ka mōhai'ana i 15,000 i Sone Marmeladova a me 3,000 i ka'ohana o Raskolnikov, ua pepehi ka mea nona ka'āina.

Ua hō'ike'o Rodion i ka pepehi kanaka o ka mea nāna i koi a loa'a iā ia nā makahiki'ewalu o ka hana pa'a ma Siberia. Hele'o Sonia iā ia no ka'ike. 'O ke ola kahiko no ka haumāna mua, ua mahalo'o ia i ke aloha o ke kaikamahine, no'ono'o'o ia i ka ho'omaka'ana i kahi manawa hou i kona hopena.

'O ke ki'i o Rodion Raskolnikov

Ma ka mo'olelo "Crime and Punishment" ke'ano o Rodion Raskolnikov a me ka loiloi'ana i kāna mau hana e ka mea kākau pono'ī he mea ma'alahi ia.

He kanaka maika'i loa ke kanaka'ōpio, he akamai nui paha, e'ōlelo paha kekahi, makemake nui. Akā,'o ke ola o kona huli'ana i waho, a'o ka nohona pili'ole,'a'ole ia e'ae i kāna mau taleni, akā, e ho'opau i kāna mau ha'awina ma ke kulanui, e'imi i kahi'oihana maika'i. Ua kokoke kona kaikuahine e "kū'ai aku" i kahi mea aloha'ole (e mare iā Luzhin no kona ma'i). No ka'ilihune ka makuahine o Raskolnikov, a ua koi'ia kāna kaikamahine aloha i ka moekolohe. 'A'ole'o Rodion i'ike i kahi ala e kōkua ai iā lākou a me lākou iho, koe wale nō ka loa'a'ana o kahi kālā nui. Akā, no ka'ike'ana i ka mana'o o ka ho'oikaika koke'ana, hiki wale nō me ke kōkua'ana i ka pōwā (i kēia hihia,'o ia ke kumu o ka pepehi kanaka).

Ma muli o ka pono,'a'ole'o Raskolnikov i ka pono e lawe i ke ola o kekahi kanaka, a me ka ho'opa'apa'a'ana'a'ole i ola ka wahine kahiko no ka lō'ihi,'a'ole ho'i he kuleana e "ola" ma ka mauna o nā po'e'ē a'e -'a'ole kēia he kumu no ka pepehi. Akā,'o Raskolnikov,'oiai'o ia i hō'eha'ia e kāna mau hana, a hiki i ka mea hope loa i'ike'ole'o ia he hala'ole: wehewehe'o ia i kāna mau hana ma ka mea āna i mana'o ai i kēlā manawa wale nō i kahi e pili ai i ka'ohana.

'O Sonya Marmeladova

Ma ka puke "hewa, a me ka hoʻopaʻi" hōʻikeʻano o Nokia kiʻi like contradictory me Raskolnikov: o ka mea heluhelu, e hoʻomaopopo koke aku i loko o ia ohanaʻuhane.

He'ano lokomaika'i a Sonya'o Sonya ma ke'ano,'o ia ke'ano o kāna hana i nā po'e'ē a'e. Heluhelu ke kaikamahine i ka "Gospel", akā i ka manawa ho'okahi, he wahine ho'okamakama. 'O ka wahine ho'okamakama wahine - he aha ka mea i'oi aku ka palekana?

Eia nō na'e,'oiai'o Sonia e komo nei i kēia'oihana ma muli o kona makemake i ka moe kolohe -'o ia wale nō ke ala no kahi kaikamahine maika'i'ole i ola,'a'ole no kona iho wale nō, akā, no kona'ohana nui:'o kona makuahine'o Katerina Ivanovna a me'ekolu mau kaikua'ana. 'O ka hopena,'o Sonia wale nō i hele i Siberia ma hope o Rodion e kāko'o iā ia i ka manawa pilikia.

'O kēia mau ki'i palekilo ke kumu o ka ho'omanaha'o Dostoevsky, no ka mea, i loko o nā mea maoli,'a'ole hiki ke'ele'ele a ke'oke'o wale nō, e like me nā kānaka. No laila,'o ke kaikamahine'olu'olu ma nā'ano ola e hiki ke komo i loko o kēlā'ano lepo haumia, a he'uhane maika'i i ka'uhane - e ho'oholo i ka pepehi kanaka.

'O Arkady Svidrigailov

'O Arkady Svidrigailov - kahi'ano'ē a'e i ka puke mo'olelo (ka mea nona ka home he 50 makahiki), a ma nā'ano he nui'o Raskolnikov. 'A'ole kēia he pō'ino, akā, he polokalamu i koho'ia e ka mea kākau. He aha kona'ano?

"Ho'opiha'ia ka hewa a me ka ho'opa'i" i nā ki'i kuhihewa, paha paha i mea e hō'ike ai: he nui nā kānaka me nā pono a me nā'ano maika'i, hiki iā lākou ke hele ma nā ala like'ole, akā koho mau lākou i ka hopena o ko lākou ola iho.

He kāne make'o Arkady Svidrigailov. 'Oiai me kahi wahine ola, ua kū'ē'o ia iā Sister Raskolnikov, i loko o kā lākou lawelawe. I ka make'ana o kāna wahine'o Martha Petrovna, ua hele mai ka mea nona ka hale e noi i nā lima o Avdotya Raskolnikova.

Loa'a'o Svidrigailov i nā hewa he nui ma hope o kona mau po'ohiwi: ua mana'o'ia'o ia no ka pepehi kanaka, ka hana'ino a me ka hewa. Akā,'a'ole kēia e pale i ke kāne e lilo i kanaka ho'okahi nāna e mālama i ka'ohana o Marmeladov i hala,'a'ole i ke kālā wale nō, akā pili pono i nā keiki i kahi keiki hānai ma hope o ka make'ana o ko lākou makuahine. Ke ho'ā'o nei'o Svidrigailov e ho'okomo iā Dunya ma kona'ao'ao palauaha, akā i ka manawa ho'okahi, ua kaumaha loa'o ia i ka makemake'ole o ke kaikamahine a ua pepehi'o ia i ka pepehi kanaka me ka waiho'ana i ke kumukū'ai nui i ke kaikuahine o Raskolnikov no ka ho'oilina. Ua hui pū'ia ke kūlana hanohano a me ka hana'ino i kēia kanaka i kā lākou mau'ano like'ole, e like me Raskolnikov.

P.P. 'O Luzhin i loko o ke'ano o nā ki'i o ka puke

'O Petr Petrovich Luzhin ("Crime and Punishment") kahi "lua" o Raskolnikov. Hō'ike'o Raskolnikov iā ia iho iā Napoleona ma mua o ka hana hewa'ana, a no laila'o Luzhin'o Napoleon o kona manawa ma kona'ano ma'ema'e: ka pono'ole, mālama wale iā ia iho, me ka ho'ā'o e ho'ohui i ke kalakala ma ka uku. Malia paha'o ia ke kumu i inaina ai'o Raskolnikov i ke kanaka'ōpio'ōpio: Ua mana'o'o Rodion no kona pono pono'ī ka mea e pono ai ke pepehi i kekahi kanaka nona ka hopena e like me he mea nui'ole iā ia.

Luzhin ("Crime and Punishment") - pololei loa, e like me ke'ano, caricature a me ka'ole o nā kū'ē'ē i loko o nā hero o Dostoevsky. Hiki ke mana'o'ia e ho'okumu pono ka mea kākau iā Peter i ka mea i lilo ai'o ia i hō'ailona kūlana o kēlā mau bourgeois e hana nei i ke'ano o ka ho'ohenehene'ino me Raskolnikov.

Nā palapala o ka puke mo'olelo ma waho

"Crime and Punishment", nona ka mo'olelo o ka mea i hana'ia ma mua o 6 makahiki, ua mahalo nui'ia e nā puke haole. I ka makahiki 1866, ua unuhi'ia nā mokuna mai loko mai o ka puke no ka'ōlelo Pelekānia a ua pa'i'ia ma ka Lākia Russe.

Ma Kelemānia, ua puka ka hana ma lalo o ka inoa'o "Raskolnikov" a ma ka makahiki 1895, ua pālua ka nui o ka holo'ana ma mua o ka hana o Dostoevsky.

I ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kenekulia XX. Ua unuhi'ia ka puke "Crime and Punishment" i Polish, Czech, Italian, Serbian, Catalan, Lithuanian, etc.

'O ka puka pā'ani o ka puke mo'olelo

'O nā hero o ka mo'olelo "Crime and Punishment" he nani a he mea'olu'olu ho'i ua lawe'ia lākou no ka ho'ololi'ana i ka puke ma Rūsia a ma waho. 'O ka film mua, Crime a Punishment, ua'ike'ia i Rusia i ka makahiki 1909 (i kauoha'ia e Vasily Goncharov). A laila ua ukali'ia ka puka ma ka 1911, 1913, 1915.

I ka makahiki 1917,'ike ke ao i ke ki'i o ka luna kānāwai'Amelika'o Lawrence McGill, i ka makahiki 1923, ua ho'oku'u'ia'o ka hua'ōlelo "Raskolnikov" e ke kuhina German'o Robert Vine.

Ma hope o ia mea, ua pa'i'ia he 14 mau mau hi'ohi'ona ma nā'āina like'ole. Mai ka hana Lūkini,'o ka mea hou loa i ho'okani'ia'o "Crimime and Punishment" i ka makahiki 2007 (i alaka'i'ia e Dmitry Svetozarov).

He mo'olelo i ka mo'omeheu kaulana

I loko o nā ki'i'oni'oni, pinepine ka mo'olelo a Dostoevsky i nā lima o nā koa e lawelawe ana i nā hua'ōlelo: ma ka m / f "Nā hana nui a Wallace a me Gromit: ka lauoho lauoho" ma ka zero ", t / c" Wolf "," Desprate Housewives ", etc.

Ma ka pā'ani pūnaewele "Sherlock Holmes: Crime & Punishings" ma kekahi o nā papahana, ua'ike maopopo'ia ka puke me ka inoa o ka mo'olelo a Dostoevsky i nā lima o Sherlock Holmes, a ma ka pā'ani GTA IV "Crime and Punishment" ke inoa o kekahi o nā misionari.

'O ka Hale'o Raskolnikov ma St. Petersburg

Aia kekahi mana'o e ho'okomo'o Dostoevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich i kāna koa i loko o ka hale e noho nei ma St. Petersburg. Ua ho'oholo nā mea noi'i i nā hopena o ia mau mea, no ka mea,'o Dostoevsky ma ka mo'olelo mo'olelo: aia ka hale o Raskolnikov i ka laina "S" ma ka'ao'ao o ke alahaka "K-m". Ma kahi o Stolyarny pereulok-5 ma laila, kahi hale i hiki ke lawelawe pono'ia he papahana no ka puke. I kēia lā,'o kēia hale kekahi o nā wahi māka'ika'i i kipa'ia ma St. Petersburg.