Ka 'ole o ke kuli ami

Ka ululāʻau, - kekahi o ka mea nui ke ami hoi i loko o ke kino. Sprains mau pale kākaʻikahi kakauia. Lakou i malama ma ka hola 2% o nā mea maʻi (i pili i nā dislocations).

Ka 'ole o ke kuli ami ka loa eiiieaena. Ua hana kukuli femur a me ka tibia. Mai kaʻaoʻao o ka uha a hiki i ke kuli ke komo pū i ke kahua o ke kīloi paʻewa, a medial femoral condyle, a i hookaawale ia e ka intercondylar fossa. Ke medial condyle Ua oi kīloi paʻewa. Cranial femoral surfaces kuahene he iki concave ili no ka patella. Ma ke ala, i ka kneecap - keia mea no ka nui sesamoid iwi, a ua i loko iho i loko o ka quadriceps tendon. Ua uhiʻia e cartilage ke caudal ili o ka patella. Iloko o ka neʻeʻana o ka patella ua hoʻoneʻe me ka pili ana i ka femur a me ka intercondylar i wahi ka wā lena.

Ma ka hapa o ka lalo wāwae 'ole o ke kuli ami ua hana ma ka ili o ka tibia (medial a kīloi paʻewa). It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka ami ili o ka maloko condyle kānaka concave, a kīloi paʻewa - he i lalo a me ka lōʻihi. Ma waena o nā condyles ua poe intercondylar eminence.

Ka 'ole o ke kuli hui a me ka olelo incongruence surfaces o ka tibia, a femur compensated ma interarticular cartilage, localizing ma ka condyles o ka tibia. Interarticular cartilage kona alo a me ka hope o kihi e pili ana i ka intercondylar elevation. Mai kaʻaoʻao cranial o ka transverse ligament e hoopaa ana i ka meniscus. Menisci i crescent-hoʻokino, kīloi paʻewa palena pau i ikiʻia naʻe, a adherent i ka ami mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku, a medial kuhikuhi i loko o ka ami lua, i kekahi mau mea kuhikuhi. Ke ventral ili o ka meniscus mea i lalo; dorsal - kekahi concave. Ua haawiia keia hiʻona, ke kukuli iho ke ami hoi ua maheleia i mau māhele:ʻo lalo - slit-e like (meniscus-tibial), luna (meniscus-'ūhā). Manawa i kona hoahanau ka hoʻoneʻe a me ka elasticity, menisci ke hakuloli i kaʻokoʻa nā kūlana hana o ke kuli hui, a, o ka papa, i ka maikaʻi hopena ma luna o kona biomechanics.

Ka 'ole o ke kuli ami ua wehewehe aku ma ka mea i ka mea nona ia i ke kūʻai'-articular cruciate ligament, intersecting me kekahi i kekahi, ka mea, reliably hoʻohui i ka tibia i ka femur. Cranial cruciate ligament kŰlń ao mai ke kīloi paʻewa condyle ili o ka femoral medial a medially ilalo i ka pahale intercondylar tubercle. Caudal cruciate ligament holo mai ke kīloi paʻewa, ao ke ano o ka medial femoral condyle i ka pā intercondylar tubercle. Menisci me ka hana oihana poe ligaments mua mai paha.

Arthritic ami - ka loa e like me ka abnormality o na ami, a e loli ai ma ka liʻiliʻi 20 pakeneka o ka honua heluna. Kēia pathology ua pili i ka degenerative keʻano o ka hanaʻana i hoʻomōhala i loko o ka hyaline cartilage. Me ka hooulu ana o ka pathological kaʻina, cartilage ua i nā luku, pu me ke ami 'ole ua wāwahiʻia,ʻo ia hoʻi, ma laila e ka kūkuluʻana a me ka iwi deformation. Kēia produces kakalaioa - osteophytes. Me kā lākou ho okumu ia lŘlŘ hui eha, i kaupalena 'neʻeʻana.

Arthritic ami: lapaʻau

Aia he mau ke ano o ka hana maikaʻiʻole o ka osteoarthritis o ami - makeʻe kulana a me ka operative. I ka makeʻe kulana lapaʻau ua hoakakaia pākōlea kino, mehana nā bato mua bedtime, physiotherapy (UVR, diadynamic paialewa), lomilomi,ʻume mākenēki Inc, intraarticular ka oxygen Inc. It E e kaulana ia makeʻe kulana kanaka mea ineffective. A maikai hopena ua loaʻa maʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau 'uao.