Cruiser "holaKahua" - o ka moku, i ikeia kekahi-pana. Main ano, mōʻaukala cruiser

Cruiser "holaKahua" o kekahi o ka loa recognizable hōʻailona o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana. Akā, i ka mōʻaukala o ka moku kikowaena hou hanana he nui, a me kou paipai aʻo kai eʻe ole i ka manaʻo o ka mōʻaukala ala o ka cruiser makemake e kāpili.

cruiser pāhana

Ieoaeunoai o ka cruiser "holaKahua" (i ka moku ana o ka "Diana") hoomaka ae la i ka 1896. E like me ka mea ma mua shipbuilding polokalamu,ʻaʻole i kēia pāhana i loko o na mea kuka o ka'auwaʻa. Eia naʻe, ma ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia kuwaho kulana home 'ole i deteriorated markedly. Ua hoʻomaka 'ana i nā lima heihei me Germany. E kū'ē i kēia kāʻei kua, i ke aupuni pono ka hou moku me "holaKahua".

I ka moku i ke kolu o ka cruisers i loko o kona papa (ka mua mau he "Diana" a me ka "Pallada"). Ka moku i moe i lalo i loko o ka New Admiralty. Kona pāhana o ke kumu o kaʻoihana moku manao lunaʻenehana Xavier koa. Ua aponoia kikoo ma ka mokukaua E noa ka Komite, a laila, hoomaka ae hoomakaukau no ka hana.

Ma ke kupulau o ka makahiki 1897 i ka Emperor Rotehama II kaumaha aku 12 manaʻo no ka inoa o ka wā e hiki mai moku. Ke alii koho i ka "holaKahua" - he inoa ia ma mai o ka kahiko Roma akua wahine o ka wanaʻao. Ka hoomoe ana ka lawelaweʻia paʻa ma luna o Iune 4th. Ua Ua hele ia e Adimarala General'auwaʻa Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich. Ua pau nā 'ē aʻe mau cruisers mua ka mea, ua "holaKahua". Ka moku Ua i belatedly aie i ka mea i ka Hooko Papaʻaʻole i hiki i ka ae ma ka haawi ana i ka mahu engine. Society Franco-Russian nā hale hana ma mua i makemake ole e lawe waiwai Nails Baltic Shipyard. Eia hoi ka mea e kue ana i noho, a ua kakauinoa i ka aelike (Iulai 20).

Ka hoʻomaka 'o ka hana

May 24, 1900 i ka moku "holaKahua" Ua ee. Ka hana pili i wahi i loko o ke alo o ka Emperor Rotehama II, kana wahine Alexandra, a me kona makuwahine Maria Feodorovna. He symbolic ia i ke kaolo o ka papa i kekahi poʻe luina Kelemania e, ua mua malama ia ma ka ia ol ' "holaKahua", i kekahi i loko o ka hoomalu ana o Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky i ka Crimean ke Kaua. Mea hoʻonoho o ka hana a kākoʻo hana, hoomaka ae la ka ia lā.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE oaoieei-ano o ka moku e: loa - 126 mika, laula - 16 mika, hei ana - 6 mika. "HolaKahua" i ka pohupani hale o 6731 tona. Like engine akamai koho ka wai şarkı ieoaeunoai Belleville. Ma ka mana o ma kahi o 12 tausani o ka horsepower kaa ke kau i ka mämä holo o ka 35 kilomika no hora (19 knots). moku o ka moku o ua 550 na luina a me na ilamuku 20.

Kekahi mau makahiki i ka moku i ho'āʻo, laila, i ka 1903, ua hui i ka poe ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka Hope-Adimarala Andrew Vireniusa. Ka houʻana o ka moku i pili me ka Apana Pacific Squadron, hana ma muli o ia ka outbreak o ka Lūkini-Japanese kaua. Hele pū akulaʻo ia Port Arthur i ka mea e wehe paha i ka hoʻopilikiaʻia awa. Nā moku i ka lōʻihi ke ala, a ua ana i lalau ole e emi malalo o hookahi makahiki.

Dogger Bank hana '

Ia holo ana ma ka Baltic Sea Okatoba 22, 1904 i ka nui hana 'ia mai ai. squadron moku o ke kahua hoʻolele ma o nä unuhi hana kupua moku i loko o ka ohu. Ua huli mai ia ia i ka Beritania lawaiʻa. Mau o ia i pepehi. "HolaKahua" i hele mai ma lalo o launa ahi ma muli o kaʻilihuneʻike pono. Ka moku i loaa 5 leho. Aie i ka mea i loaa mai nā palapū make ma hope koke iho la ua ma luna o ka cruiser mōneka. I ka hanana i kapa e like me ka Dogger Bank hana 'ia. Aie i ka'auwaʻa hewa ana ma waena o Rusia, a me ka United Kingdom i ua seriously flawed. I mea e möakäka hou ua ae like ka noho ana o ka pōʻino aoao a hiki i ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana i ka arbitral noho hookolokolo. Ka mea, ua i ka mua o ia hihia, i loko o ke ao nei hana.

I loko nō o ka hana 'ia, ka squadron hoʻomau kona hele ana. He aha ua i ke kahua ma ka cruiser "holaKahua"? Ka moku koke hawele iho, a me ka poho ua ole, kena ae la, e hoʻi i ko lākou'āina. i ka mea, ua hina iho la o Port Arthur Ma ka mokupuni o Madagascar i i? iaie? luina aoia, a me ka mea mua squadron Tihookenskaya make.

kaua ana o Tsushima

14 a May 27, 1905, i hou kaila moku "holaKahua", kekahi i loko o ke kaua kaulana o Tsushima. No ka mea Lūkini'auwaʻa i he kuleana kaua, a me ka hope manaolana no ka hoola ana o ka holoʻokoʻa koa kai eʻe. Mahele Pacific Squadron waiho wale aku no i ka palaoa pio. "HolaKahua" ua laki - ka moku i poino, akā,ʻaʻole hookuu mai ai ia me ka ua, aole i hoopohoia ma Akä naÿe loa nā wahi lulu Aha i.

Ma hope iho o ke kaua o ka cruiser loaʻa 18 ka hili. Heleuma kaula i pepehi, a me ka fairlead incapacitated. Ka i koe, lua, ua hanaʻino. May 21, pu ma ka moku, a kokoke i ka Americans i loko o ke awa o Manila, Philippines. Ka moku i interned. Ke kime i kekahi palapala pili-komo i loko o hou hakakāʻana me ka Japanese. "HolaKahua" koe docked ma Manila a hiki i ka hōʻailona o ka malu o Portsmouth, i pau ai i ke kaua. Ke cruiser wahi February 19, 1906. Heleuma ma Libau i kiola ia ma hope o 458 mau lā ma hope o ka moku, a holo ma luna o ka huakaʻi me hapa o ka Apana Pacific Squadron.

Ka First World War

Koke ma hope o ka First World War ka moku-cruiser "holaKahua" hele mai e mau maka awa e kali ana no ka hou kauoha. August 26, 1914 ili ka moku "Magdeburg" i loko o ka wai o ke awawa o Finland. hele "holaKahua" e intercept i ka moku Kelemānia. Lūkini luina e hoʻokele e hopu i ka moku. Ma hope, ua dismantled no ka hamoʻia.

Kēia i ukali ia e ka noho lōʻihi ma ke awa o Helsingfors. I ka 1916, o ka "holaKahua" Ua komo ke awawa o Riga, a kōkua i ka honua koa hoʻohana kaumaha mea kaua i ke ahi. I ka Akuma ka moku, holo i Kronstadt no ka hoʻoponopono 'ana.

February kipi

Iloko o ka noho ma Kronstadt luna Mihail Nikolsky ia i ho'āʻo ai i ko oukou pale ana i ka pili aupuni hoʻokahuli aupuni manaʻo pīhoihoi, i kupu ma ka kūloko hola, a hana hou i ka moku. Ma na hana o ka pepehi iho at ia i hoomaka ai. poe hana 'koi, heʻokoʻa. Kekahi makemake e emi i ka hana lā, ua kū'ē 'ē aʻe i nā luna. Ma keia kulana, ke kāpena pono makau no ka morale o kona poe kanaka.

February 27th ka ikaika i na mea kaua koa kiai ana i ka cruiser "holaKahua". Mōʻaukala o ka moku i me mua i ka pilikia kaua kai, akā, inā i ke kipi i hoomaka ai ma luna o ka moku,ʻaʻole i nā luna o ka helu pono ia ana ua pono mea. A, i ka agitators i hohola na lono i mai "holaKahua" e hana i ka moku o ka hale paʻahao.

Ma ka Ewa o ka FeberuariʻOiʻenehana, ka moku uhauha. Nā luina Ua oki, e hoolohe i na kauoha a Nikolsky, alaila, na luna wehe ke ahi ma luna o lākou. i hana ino iki mai Ekolu kanaka, kekahi hope make mai complications. Manawa, ma St. Petersburg i hanaʻia i mua nuipa a mahalo nā hōʻike, a me ke aupuni i loko o ke poʻo uaʻaneʻane lolo.

28 ma ke alo o ka "holaKahua" hoomaka i ka ÷. Poe hana waikahe o ka moku. ka mea, aʻo maila ia i ka lā ma mua o ka moku i kēia huakaʻi wā, inaina ala. I hauʻoli i ka mea e kali ana i luna Nikolsky a me kekahi Ogranovicha luna. Me ia i haehaeia kaula. Ka mau, he ai i ka make ma ka Mob i loko o ka ulu chaos h ÷ ike. Nikolsky Ua pana pua aku no ka hoole i ka hele i ka Tauride Palace me kaʻulaʻula i loko o kona mau lima. Ilamuku nele e hoʻopale ai i ka moku, mai na agitators.

Restless 1917 la

I ka 1917, o ka palapala moku "holaKahua" ua no kaua-pono a me ka kŘpa a kēia. Cruiser, hoʻowahāwahā i nā koina a pau o ke kaua, a me ka kipi hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia no kona Manao iho la ia mea. Ma hope iho o nā hanana o Feberuari, a me ka hookahuli ana i ke aupuni mō'ī luina i hoʻokumu 'ia i ka moku kaua Komite. Aia he he wahi lihi iki o ka 'elele o ka haʻalele-eheu aoao, akā,ʻaʻole he hookahi Bolshevik.

Eia naʻe, i loko o ke kau, i ke kulana hoʻololi dramatically. Lenin kākoʻo pono hana pu me ke koa a me Moana. Iho la lakou, o ka papa, hiki ole kāpae'ōlelo e like me ka nui cruiser "holaKahua". Mōʻaukala o ka moku i ka hua oleloʻike i nā mea a pau e noho ana o ke kulanakauhale alii. Inā ua hiki ke koi aku i ke kauoha moku ma konaʻaoʻao i nā Bolsheviks, ka mea makemake e unqualified i ka pomaikai.

Ma ka "holaKahua" i ka loa'ōlelo agitators aoao (no ka laʻana, Mikhail Kalinin), underscoring kona hana pili i ku ana ma luna o ka moku docked. Ka hopena i ole kali. Ma ke kauwela o ke Komite ka mea, ua mua 42 'elele o ka RSDLP (b). hoomaka ae la na luina e 'Imi komo i loko o ka Bolshevik alanui hana. July 4 ma ka nui h ÷ ike i loko o Petrograd luina i hele mai ma lalo o mīkini-pū ke ahi o ka poe koa i koe kupaʻa i ke Aupuni Kūikawā. repressions ku ei ka Bolsheviks koke hoomaka. Holo aku la Lenin i ka hale i loko o Razliv, a me kekahi oi loa aku hoi koʻu ikaika luina "holaKahua" he ma lalo o hopu.

Ka October kipi

Ma September, ua kekahi moku ka oʻui koho komite. Ua Ua noho ma ka Bolshevik Alexander Belyshev. Captain ua Nikolai Eriksson. Mai ka moku? Aiiio i pau, oia koke ia e hele i loko o ke kai. Eia naʻe, ma 10 October ka Bolsheviks ma ka Central Komite no ke anaina kanaka nō ma luna o ka kaua coup ma Petrograd. "HolaKahua" ka mea, uaʻaʻole e pono like hoʻi-kaua cruiser, akā, i like nui ka hōʻailona.

Na Bolsheviks uumi i wale i ka moku, akā, me ka Petrograd Soviet. E like me kona olelo hooholo o October 24 luina haʻalele i ka moku i loko o St. Petersburg. "HolaKahua" ua e lawe mai ma Rotehama Bridge. City luna aupuni ho'āʻo e hina i ka i kela kapa ma ka mea, e pau ana i ka coup i loko o ke kapikala, a me na kipi i ho'āʻo ana e pale ia.

Ma ka po o Okatoba 25, o ka moku iloko o ke Neva. Erickson luna initially ku i ka olelo hooholo, akā,ʻae nō. He makaʻu mea i akamai luina e kanu i ka moku, paa. Ma Rotehama Bridge ua i loko o ka lima o ka Junkers. I ka holo i ka "holaKahua" hoʻokokoke mai lākou, a ua hiki ke hoihoi i ka neʻe o ka muliwai kākoʻo o ka Bolsheviks.

maloo pana

Ma ke kakahiaka o Okatoba 25 Lenin Smolny e hoʻomalu aku i ka holoʻokoʻa palapala aeuiiai ieaia? Petrograd - .. Telegraph, lāʻau kū office, alahao noaioee, etc. ka wahi aupuni ua nō i loko o ka Winter Palace. hele i ka Bolsheviks i e ke ahi ia ia, mai ka pakaua, ma ka hopena o ka ole o ke Kuhina, e hele ia.

Ma mua i loko o ka hanaʻino mai ke kōkua "holaKahua"? ano o ka moku a me kona mau lima ia e paka i ka hōʻailona pana. Na Bolsheviks hoʻoholo e lawe ka lanakila o keia wa pono. Ma ka auina la o ka 25 i ka moku, hiki Vladimir Antonov - poʻo o ke kahua limahana o Lenin mau ukali. He kauoha i ka hakahaka pana, a i? Oaony i ka paka ma hope o ka hōʻailona, mai ka hale kiaʻi o Petero a me Paulo. A, i ka Bolsheviks hoʻohana i ka Radio e "holaKahua" e hoʻolele i ka hoʻopiʻi kū'ē 'ana o Lenin.

Blank pana kani mai ma 21:40. Ua i kī pū Yevdokim Ognev. Ke pana i ka hōʻailona no ka hanaʻino mai Winter Palace. Eia hou,ʻo ia i panic Kuhina o ke Aupuni Kuikawa, ka poe i entrenched lakou ia lakou iho ma ko lakou hope pakaua. Moʻolelo nō hoʻopaʻapaʻa wale no ina ua he oaoieei-manawa kūpono no ka Field holaKahua pana ma ka Winter Palace. Kekahi noiʻi hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i ke ahi ma luna o ke pio i hiki ole a hiki no i ka wahi o ka moku wahi. Kekahi aoao ai kekahi, akā, no ka lōʻihi-huahelu pana ua i pono. Ka Winter Palace i loko o nā lima o ka poʻe kipi, a me ke kōkua o "holaKahua".

E hahai i ka moʻolelo

An Episode ia i wahi i ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, lilo iho la ia i ka loa kaulana "holaKahua" no ka cruiser. Mōʻaukala o ka moku i koke huli i loko o nui i ke kiʻi o ka hanau ana o ka Soviet? Eia. lāʻEkolu ma hope o nā hanana i loko o ka Winter Palace oia hoi no ka hoomaemae. Soon ka "holaKahua" Ua hou lilo kekahi hapa o kaʻeleu'auwaʻa.

I ke kauwela o 1918 i ka Bolshevik aupuni nō fragile. Petrograd hoʻomohala e pili ana i ka White Army kūpono 'Yudenich. Class moku "holaKahua" hiki ole ke kōkua e kaua ana ma luna o ka honua. Aka hoi, ka mea i hooholoia, e hoʻohana i ka cruiser he iki okoa. A laila,ʻikeʻia Petrograd ma mua o ka make māinoino o ka haole 'uao. Na Bolsheviks makemake e kai a Kahinaliʻi i ka "holaKahua" a me kekahi mau moku e aeie i ke ala o kaʻenemi moku. Naʻe, i kēia e pono e ala mai oe.

Ma peacetime, hina iho la ka moku "holaKahua", nona ka Hawaii photo i loko o ka October hanana ma Petrograd ma ka mua 'aoʻao o ka nui Lūkini a me na nupepa, lilo iho la ia i aʻo moku. Cruiser komo i loko o kekahi mau haole holo. I loko o kēia mau kiʻi e loaa mai ka mahina hou luina RKKF. I kaʻumi o ka lā hoʻomanaʻo o ke kipi i loko o 1927, "holaKahua" Ua hookoia i ka Papa Hanohano o ke Red Banner.

Ka hope loa-huahelu moku peʻa moku i ka 1930, ka wā āna i ua hoʻokōʻia i ka Scandinavian Peninsula. A laila, ma muli o ka lōʻihi overhaul. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia hiki ole i laumania ma luna o ka mea i ka moku o mai o ka lā. I ka 1941, ia i? Oaony i ka hana, e hookaawale ia lana mai o ka'auwaʻa, akā, e hooki i ka hoouka kaua ana o ke kaua.

I Leningrad "holaKahua" blockade i na hoopai ana i ka lehulehu bombed e Kelemānia mokulele. I ka hoomaka ana o ke kaua, me ka Soviet alakaʻi nō e hana i ka moku hapa o ka pale'ōnaehana o ke kulanakauhale. Ka moku i kekahi mau Anati-mokulele pū, a hiki e pono keia mau mea i loko o ke kaua e kū'ē i ka Luftwaffe mokulele. Ke shelling kūpono i loko o ka mea ana o ka moku i ka hailona o nā lua. I ka hopena o 1941, na luina i ua evacuated. Kī pūʻana ma luna o ka "holaKahua" Ua oki iho la ka hope i ka punohu ana o ka blockade wale.

Ma i? Iaie? Mau loa

I ka makahiki 1944 ka mea i hooholoia, e hoouna aku i ka moku ma ka i? Iaie? Mau loa i loko o Petrograd embankment, a huli ia i loko o ka iau. Ma ka manawa a pau ma ka Soviet Union, ua aneaneʻaʻohe mea kaʻao 'ō a me ka cruiser "holaKahua". Huakaʻi o ka moku i i OAXA no na iauaeoia oo? Ecia o ka Northern kulanakauhale alii.

Over ka mea e hiki mai ana mau makahiki, "holaKahua" Ua hele ma ke kakini restorations. I ka 2014, ua hoounaia mai ia Kronstadt i ka moku no ka mea e hiki mai ana kapili. He Ua hoʻopaʻa 'ia hoʻi i ka i? Iaie? Mau loa i loko o Petrograd embankment ano ma ke kauwela o 2016.