Dzhon Uotson: Kawaihae, kiʻi John B. Watson

Dzhon Brodes Uotson - huahelu, paa ma ka mōʻaukala o ka manaʻoʻike kino. 'Aʻole i lōʻihi aku nei, i ka hoʻomaka o ka XX kenekulia, ka' epekema honua aʻo e pili ana i behaviorism kumumanaʻo. A laila, ua kauoha koke, kena ae la i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka paio ma ka pili koʻikoʻi a hanohano, akā, no hoʻomau i ka ulu. I ka keia manawa ia mea olelo lealea, e hālāwai me kona mau koa, akā, i ka aoao o ka behaviorism ua palahalaha ae i aneane pau mau mea o ke ola, a me kona 'ike loea e hoʻomau i ka e hoopili universally.

kamaliʻi

Dzhon Uotson (1878-1958) Ua hanau ia ma South Carolina, ma ka liʻiliʻi kūlanakauhale o ka malihini koena. Kona makua kāne, Paykens Watson alakai i ka dissolute ola, no ka mea, o ka mea hiki i loko o ka hale mau kāna hana, a scandals,ʻaʻole i ho'ōki. Ua alakai aku ai i ka mea i 13 makahiki ma hope o ka hanau ana o kana keiki i kona makuakāne haʻalele i ka ohana. E like me ka hopena, ke keiki haʻalele i ka hohonu mea naʻau trauma. Kona makuahine Emma i ka loa haipule ma ke ano maoli, a i alakai i ke kanana 'keiki-hānai kapu hana, e like me ka aneane piha kaawale o ke ku okoa ana o ke koho ana no ka hou alakaʻi. A inā i loko o 22 makahiki Dzhon Uotson ka liu o kona makuwahine, ka mea, Ua hiki i ke ao nei, ina ua, aole i lohe o ia i ka hanohano psychologist, i, ake aku la i ke keiki a ke kahuna i ka 'oihana.

wa opiopio

Ma hope o ua noho i ka 1900, ka Bapetite kula ma ke Kulanui o Fermanagh, ia i haʻalele i kona aina, a hele aku la i Chicago no kā lākou aʻe naauao. Dzhon Uotson hiki i ka kūloko lālā o ka kālaiʻike, akā, ma muli o keʻano o ke ao ana,ʻo ia, haalele aku la ka 'epekema kuhikuhi, a ua kokoke mai maka i kaʻike manaʻo. 3 wale nō makahiki ma hope, kokua aku la oia i kona doctoral ia hoʻi ma luna o ke kumuhana o ka holoholona aʻo, no ka mea, ua alakai aku ia mau mea ma luna oʻiole. Ma waho o ka mea ia ia e hooponopono iho i ka lilo i ka muli haumāna i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke kula, i loaa i ka degere, ia mea no hoi ka mea mua nana i hoolilo ia he nui-unahiʻole, i hana ka hoao ana ma luna o kēia mau rodents. Keia wahi ua hōʻike 'wahi no hou hana e John, a delimit wā e hiki mai noiʻi.

behaviorism

Ma hope o makahiki elua mai ka la aku o ka lilo i ke kauka o ka 'epekema Dzhon Brodes Uotson i kono e alai i ka oihana o ka manaʻike manaʻo ma ka Kulanui o Baltimore. He hooholo kokeʻae, hiki oaka ae la i ka nui a me ka oi manawa e e bapetizoia i loko o kā lākou mau haʻawina a me ka ho okolohua. Kēia manawa o kona ola ua pili i ka hooulu ana o ka manaʻo ma ka a kekahi nä känaka 'epekema ka inoa i loko o ka moʻolelo o ka mōʻaukala. He lilo i ka mea kākau a me ka follower o ka pähola 'ana o behaviorism, a oia wehewehe ana ma au mamuli o kona manifesto noa i ka' "ʻike manaʻo, mai ka oiai o ka behaviorist." He heluhelu ia ma ke akea February 24, 1913, i ka lā i hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono i ka hanau ana o keia wahi ma ka akau. Watson wahi a hiki i ke ao nei iʻike manaʻo o ka loa Pahuhopu 'epekema e pili ana i ke kahua o maoli' epekema. He criticizes konaʻikena kūlana haʻahaʻa a me ka waiwai, i ka i ana i kona kuka nei erroneously nui ma luna o ke kanaka i ka lilo o ka honua, i kona mau manao a me ka manaʻo. 'Oiai, ka mea makemake e kupono e kālele ana ma luna mawaho hana, e like me ka pono me aeaiiuo i hiki ke hooiaioia mai experimentally.

ʻepekema 'oihana

Aie i ka His o ke kumumanaʻo a me kona mahope? Acaeoey, Dzhon Uotson mea ma luna o ka nui i loko o ka 'epekema kaiāulu. Kona uku ua hoomahuahua ia i na manawa elua, ua mahuahua ka noiʻi keʻena hoʻokolohua ma ka nui, a mai nā haumāna ke aikane e hele i ka haʻi'ōlelo, aole he kala. I ka 1915, ua hoonohoia ma ka lāʻau kū o ka Peresidena o ka American manaʻoʻike Ahahui. Mau makahiki hiki ke kapaia ka heyday o behaviorism ao ao. Publications kaulana nä känaka 'epekema, a laila,ʻikeʻia i loko o nā paʻi puke, a me ka ia i hoʻoponoponoʻia mai 2 scientific puke pai. I ka 1914, i konaʻia .................... ua hoʻolakoʻia loa hana nui "hana: An Introduction i me nāʻike manaʻo," ma a ike paka e like me ka mea o kaʻike manaʻo ua hoʻowahāwahā loa. Kona kumumanaʻo i loaa e pili ana, a me Watson iho haku i ke akamai o ke kaōhiʻana kanaka hoohaunaele.

Personal ola

Oiai e ao ana ma ka Kulanui o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o behaviorism kona haumāna Mary Ickes mare. I loko nō o ka mea i na keiki elua i ka hui i, ka mare hiki ole ke kapaia holomua. I ka 1920, i luku ai i kekahi kuko o ka opiopio nä känaka 'epekema puka haumana ole wale ka mare, akā, i nā mea a pau o ka holomua' oihana, oia ua ua kukulu ana no na makahiki. Wahine loaʻa hoike o pilialoha palapala kane, a kala aku ia i loko o ka ahakanaka, a kena ae la kokololio nä Temepela. Mai kēia manawa ma luna, aole hoi no a ao hiki e ole e ninaninau. Oki ua nui loa ka leo, akā, manaʻo huhū keia, Rozaliya Reyner a me Dzhon Uotson, he Hawaii photo no i ua hōʻike ma lalo, koke mare. E like me ka hopena o keia mare ana, ua ka mua kekahi holomua, i hanau elua hou Watson, nā keiki kāne. Rosalie haʻalele i kēia ao nui i kakahiaka nui, ma mua o ka wahine no 23 makahiki. John waiho wale aku no i ka hope o, akā nō hoʻomau i ka hana. Eia naʻe, mua i loko o ka iki kekahi ao ao.

hoolaha

E like me ka haumāna, ka mea, he manawa e kipa i kekahi keʻena hoʻokolohua, he janitor, a hiki i ka waiter, akā, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ia mea loa mau kanaka mai oao, no ka mea, ua lilo honua kaulana me Dzhon Uotson - he psychologist. Temepela me ka kipi puʻe wale akula kēlā iā ia, e nana i hou mau mea no ka manaʻo, aʻo ia e koho i ka mea hiki laulā o ke noi ana o ka ike i loaa. Ia e hou aku kekahi, oia waiho ia me ka poo i loko o ka hoolaha. I kēlā manawa, i kēia kŘpa a hou 'āpana koi piha hoʻokolokolo' ana, e loaʻa mai i ka hana o ke ana maomeka o na nā mea kūʻai mai. A me ia mea i kēia mana ninoaaeyao he kikowaenaʻoihana i loko o ka hana o kaʻike manaʻo, no laila, o Ioane me kona bapetizo i loko o ka hoʻolaha 'oihana poo. He helu kuhi puke, e like i kekahi'ē aʻe, mai ka lalo, i loko o kekahi o nā keʻena ma lalo nei o New York ma lalo o ka mana o ka Stanley Rizora. Together a me ka mea'ē aʻe moho, oia hele kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao a pau o ka hana, a hiki ma muli naʻe o kona nui kaʻike a me kaʻepekema e piʻi like. Over manawa,ʻo ia loosens mai, kuai hou nā mākau a loa bapetizoia ma o ka kālepaʻike manaʻo, ana i nā mea i ho'ākāka 'o ko lākou mau theories i loko o ka hana pono. No laila,ʻo ia hooponopono iho i ke ala hou ana i ka ano o ka Hope Pelekikena o ke anaina, a no ka noho ana ma keia oihana no kekahi mau makahiki.

Ka ho'oilina Watson

E hana ana i loko o ka hoʻolaha hana, Dzhon Uotson mau, e kahiko ai i ko lakou poe akeakamai theories i loko o ka puke. Ma hope o kona make ana, i ka hanauna e hiki mai ana o psychologists a me theorists noho mau hana, a me "behaviorism", "aoao o ka behaviorism" a me ka "manaʻoʻike keiki mālama." I waena o kona mau loa kaulana mau, nana i hana i ka kumumanaʻo hou, ua hiki ke hoomaopopo Burres Skinner, ka mea, hui pū me nā nā hoapili e hoʻokele i loaʻa ai paipai 'o ka behaviorism. Naʻe, i ka manaʻo ua pinepine ae la oia, ua malalo i ka loa noʻonoʻo loi, no ka hapanui loa aie i ka mea i nui me he coercive mea paahana. Ma mahope makahiki, ua hele kona ao i loko o hoole mai oia, e waiho i kekahi mea akā, i ka lākou o kekahi mau 'ana i kūpono, a hiki i kēia lā i hoʻohana mua ma ka oihana, kālai'āina a me nā spheres.

Ka hope makahiki o ke ola a me ka make

Kekahi mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ana o kana wahine i ka kumu mua nō, e hookaawale ia lana mai ka hoʻolaha hana, a ihola ia i luna o ka noho malie aina. Aia a ola mai kona lā hope o Dzhon Uotson. Kawaihae o kona olaʻoki pōkole i ka 1958. A mau mahina mua, ka hui, ma ka mea āna i hookahi pelekikena i komo ia i loko o kona papa inoa o honorary mau lālā. Ua i i kōkua hoopoina i ke kūamuamu, no ka mea, i kekahi manawa, ka mea i hoonele ia i kāna mea i aloha ai hana, a me ka pono, e noho ma kekahi mau kulana, no laila, i loko o ka hookahi makahiki i loko o ka mea ana i haʻalele i kēia ao nei,ʻo ia, ua hoʻolālā ihola i ke ahi i loko o ka pā hale, haawi lehulehu akeakamai pepa lapalapa. Ka mea, i ka hope küpinaʻi o ma ka liʻiliʻi loa kekahi ha awina Watson, akā, i kēia hana i ole hoopa i ke kaulana, no ka mea, ka pilina i kaʻike manaʻo o Watson i ia i kekahi o nā kānakaʻepekema loa poʻokela o ka hope kenekulia.