General Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich. maʻamau vitae

Make hele ma hope ona. Akā,ʻo ua koa, wiwo a me ka laki, infinitely aloha i ko lakou aupuni, a mālama lākou iā ia pololei. Ua ua i ulia, a noho'ōleloʻole i ka inoa o "Ka Last Naita o ka Russian aupuni a pau."

"Black Baron"

A inoa kapakapa i hāʻawi ai i ke kanaka, a mākou makemake i ka hōʻike. It Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich. Pōkole Kawaihae ka mea, ua oleloia ma ka pauku.

By me Kinohi oia maoli Baron. Hânau 'ia i loko o Kovno panalāʻau o Rusia, i loko o ke kūlanakauhale Novoaleksandrovsk (e Eaoiana). Family - mai ke aliʻi, he nui loa kahiko mau hanauna. Ua XIII kenekulia. ma Genrikusa de Ka Wrangell - Knight no ka Papa Hanohano o ke Teutonic - ko läkou 'kona kuauhau.

A "ʻeleʻele" General kapaʻia no ka mea, i ka 1918, oia mau pūlikiʻia i ka iaʻano hoʻokahi Circassian Cossack. A i hoʻonaniʻia nā pūpanapana mau hipuu. Mau mea nā paukūʻolokaʻa uuku i ka iwi a me ke kala, i i kau ka pauka 'āhewa' ana. Pūpanapana mau hipuu i maʻamau a pili i ka umauma eke.

Petro ua he loa kaulana huahelu. Mayakovsky, no ka laʻana, ua palapala mai: "He anu u uaʻoi i loko o kaʻeleʻele Circassian".

A mamo o ka nani koa

He - he lunaʻenehana ma ke aʻo. Puka 'o ia mai ka hoʻouku Institute. Kona makua kāne - Vrangel Nikolay Egorovich - oe manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a ua hoi i ka mea kākau moʻolelo. He hoi he ÿauhau nui o antiques.

Paha ia mea ke kumu i ke keiki a me ka 'oihana koa, a i ole manaʻo e lilo. Akā, nā'ōewe he e ua hana lākou. Akā, i ka wahi o ia o ka mau P. N. Vrangel - keia mea he pololei lala o ka mua Herman. Au ua ma Kuekene (XVII c.), A ke kahua-ilāmuku. A nui-moopuna o kona ma ka inoa o George Gustav i mālama ai i colonel kokoke i ka Charles XII. ka la mahope o ke keiki, ua Georg Hans kona inoa, a lilo iho la he nui wale i loko o ka Lūkini kaua. 'Aʻole kekahi kupuna kāne hoʻi a me nā mākua, a me nā mākua a me nā moʻopuna kāne,ʻo ke koa, a kaua i loko o nā kaua, a pinepine alakaʻi Rusia. Ko lakou lahui, ua haawi mai Europe ka ehiku kahua Ilamuku, Adimarala like nui, a oi aku mamua o kanakolu pūkaua.

Nolaila, ui o Petero i ike i keia, ua ike ia ke lawe i nā kūpuna laʻana. Na ua Lūkini luna, kona inoa ua kākauʻia i kahi e, a ma luna o ka paia o ka luakini kaulana ma Moscow. He Ua heluʻia i waena o ka poe i ae ia ma ke kaua o ka 1812. kekahi koa hoahanau hoopio aku Shamil - ka elusive alihi kaua o na mountaineers. Famous a me Ferdinand Wrangel, ArcticʻImi Loa a me ka'akimalala. I kona hanohano a me ka inoa o ka mokupuni. A Pushkin - kekahi hoahanau o "Black Baron" ma o kona kupuna kāne Hannibal - Moor o Petero ka Nui.

Interestingly, ka bulk kumuhana hoʻolaʻa i ka poʻokela na kii me Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich, ua hoʻoʻuluʻulu manaʻo loa paʻakikī. Aia O kekahi ou wahi lihi iki o ka mea e momona a hoolilo aku hoi i ke kiʻi o kēia loaʻa kekahi kanaka. E laweʻoe i hoʻokahi wale nō mākia o keia ano - "E makeʻiʻo, akā, mai hāʻawi mai!". Akā,ʻo kona (essay) o ko mākou meʻe ma muli o nā mea a pau kona ola.

Ke kaua me Japan

Penei, o ka lānai hou lunaʻenehana Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich i i ike i loko o ka wā e hiki mai mea ole pilina ma waena o lakou, a me ka poe koa. Oiaio, oia aʻo i ka makahiki ma Holo Malie Regiment. Akā, me ka hou koreneta i kākau ... i loko o na holoholona. A hele aku la i ka hana - ma Irkutsk. A me ia mea i ke koa a me ka sīwila ke kula.

A pau na pepa i hui pūʻia ai moku kaua. Ua hāʻawi manawaleʻa no ka Wrangell. A ma ke alo no ka manawa mua loa ia i hōʻike i kona innate ano o ke koa. Kēia i kona oihana he oiaio.

Memoirs Petra Nikolaevicha Vrangelya. He palapala iho e pili ana i nā mea a pau i loko o au mamuli.

Ma ka pau ana o 1904 ia i hoʻopiʻi 'ana i luna. Ua Ua haawiia'ku mau hoʻolilo 'ia': St. Anne a me St. Stanislaus. Ka mea, ua ka mua "paha" i loko o kona ohi nui o ka hoʻolilo 'ia'.

A hiki aku i ke kaua, hele mai a hiki i ka hopena, i ka lunaʻenehana hiki ole ke manao ia lakou iho me ka poe koa. ʻO ka imperial Academy o ka General Staff i mua puka 'o ia i ka 1910.

A squadron o ka lio

halawai First World Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich me ke ano o ka luna. He kauoha mai i kekahi mahele o ka lio regiment.

He ua i ka wahine, a me 3 keiki. Au hiki ole hele i ka mua. Akā,ʻaʻole hoʻolimalima keia. A me ka hoike mai i ke alo, hou kakau iho la i ka luna e pili ana i ka poʻokela maoli o Kāpena Wrangel.

Just ekolu pule, a ia ua, mai ka hoomaka ana o ka luku, a me kona posse i, e kela aku. Ulupaia lio hoouka. O na pu kiʻenemi pio. A no ka mea, he mama Wrangell (i waena o ka mea mua) i kaha. He loaa i ka Papa Hanohano o St. George. Soon "oʻo lawa" i ka colonel. I ka 1917, ma January,ʻo ia - Mele Nui. Ua Ua mahalo like me ka loa i olelo mua iaʻi koa. I ano kakau iho la ia Wrangel "poʻokela koa". Ma kekahi kulana, e ike koke, oi loa - i loko o ka lōʻihi. Like pono me ka'āina resourceful.

Ma ke kauwela o ka makahiki hookahi, - ka mea e hiki mai ana ka anu u. Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich manawa luna o ke kino nui o ka lio. Akā, me ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana hou ho opa ao ka ala o kona ola hoʻololi.

E ohi i ka lima

O kana hereditary koa Sekotia a me ka nui loa hiki oleʻae, no ka maopopo kumu. Ka poe koa i koe. Hoʻoneʻe i Yalta, oia noho iho la ia me kona ohana i kona dacha. Here Ua hopu ia, kūloko Bolsheviks. Akā, he aha ka mea, ke kauoha aku ia ia? Noble me Kinohi? Koa kānaka apau i mākaukau? A kokeʻo ia i hookuu ia, akā, i peʻe mai a hiki i ka German kaua ua i komo i ka Crimea.

He hele aku la ia Kiev. ? Oaony e komo i ka hana o Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky. Eia naʻe, nui koke kuhi hewa. Aupuni o Ukraine (hou) ua nawaliwali. Ua Ua paʻa wale nō ma ka Kelemānia bayonets.

Wrangel hoouna aku ai i ke kulanakauhale Ekaterinodar. Me he Alihikaua (1st ua kau ma Māhele) e hele mai i loko o kōkua manawaleʻai ke kaua. Pela i hoomaka ai i loko o ka White Army o Baron hou hana.

Poe akamai i kēia manawa aku nei au i kona pomaikai - kēia mea pili kēia i kānaka apau i mākaukau o Wrangel, me kona mau lio. Ma hope o nā mea a pau,ʻo ia mau mea kona mau nā kaʻa mokulele. No ka laʻana, ka mea i kū'ē i ka makou kaua ma luna o nā mea a pau fronts. He makemake ko e ohi i lio "lima" a hoolei i ka Hopu ana i kekahi i kekahi wahi. Mau produces i ka lāʻau o ka mea ikaika i kaʻenemi e holo. Mau''he hana, a hoʻomōhala ai a me ka mea lapaʻau "Black Baron", a ua lako pono i ka lanakila o ka poʻe kaua, e like me ka Kuban, a me ka North Caucasus.

Ma ka lokomaikaʻi a me Denikin

City lio Wrangel Tsaritsyn i loko o June 1919. A eia ka mea i pono, e like me ka mea hana! Ma hope o ka pomaikai Baron haule i loko o hilahila. Anton Denikin, ka luna koa o ka hana manawaleʻa Army, ua huhu ia ia. No ke aha? Ka nui, e hoike ana ua piha no ia - he nui koa - i ku pono ana i manao i ka hana hou aku. Denikin pahuna e hele i Moscow, Wrangell hookahi - hoʻohui me Kolchak (ma ka hikina).

Kawaihae a Vrangelya Petra Nikolaevicha hōʻike i ka mea, ua pono ma hoʻokahi haneri pakeneka. No ka hele ana ma luna o ke poʻo i ua luku aku. Akā, i ka pono o ka hoa paio, a hiki hou infuriated Denikin. A me ka ia i wehe mai i ka General Affairs.

Wrangel haʻalele (February 1920). Aʻu i hele aku ai i Constantinople.

hou manaolana

Pono, ka mea i pau ai i ka maikaʻi loa 'oihana? No, ma ka lani kauoha ole. Ma hope o kekahi mau mahina i haalele ai ia Denikin. Iho haʻalele. I Sevastopol, kapa aku la i ka ahaolelo o ke kaua. Koho ia he Alihikaua Nui la o Wrangel.

Akā, i ka mea, manao no? Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka "keʻokeʻo" - a ia mea loa ike - ka mea, ua pono kona maka. a pau a emi ana kaua. hoomaka piha e hoʻopuehu ai i mua i ka wanaʻao i ka moana lipolipo.

Naʻe, ka mea i lawe i ke kaua, Wrangel i ka mea hiki ole mana. He papani ai hoi i ka mea kūpono 'hao wale "ulaula" ikaika. White kiai Noho paʻa i loko o ka Crimea.

King no ka lā

I loko o kēia mau mahina eono aʻu i hana nui i ka hope Lūkini naita. Ua haawiia i ka hewa,ʻo ia i hele ai i ka loa he mea hiki ole compromises. Au i makemake ai e hana i kona kākoʻo kanaka, mai nā mea a pau e hele ana mai o ke ola. He noʻonoʻo i kekahi kumumanao o agrarian mihi, a komo pū hāʻawi'āina i ko na kauwa. I aponoia i ka hei ana kaiapili-oicyenoaaiiie ana. Ka mea, ua i "loaa" Rusia, akā,ʻaʻole mea kaua, a me kā lākou mau successes.

O Baronʻana i ke aupuni pekelala 'ole o ke aupuni, i kaumaha aku ai e ike i ke ku okoa ana - a me mountaineers, a hoi Ukraine.

Akā, ma ka manawa ia i hiki ai i ka mana, i nalowale i ka White poe kiai neʻe - nā hua'ōlelo i loko o ka hoʻonohonoho '(West hoole, e kōkua ia), a me loko o ka aina. Na Bolsheviks uumi loa o Rusia me ka hailona hou kumu waiwai.

Wrangel waipuna 1920, i ka hoala kaua hou e repel ka hoouka ana o "ulaula". Ua pomaikai i loko o ke kauwela. "White" komo aku la i ka aina o Northern Tavria. Ka mea, i ka pauku i ma groceries. Akā, laila, loaa a ua ole hou.

More importantly, hala manawa. Ma Soviet Rusia, kanaka mai i lohe ai i manaoia nā mea hoʻololi o Wrangel. No ia, mea, mea - mau wale ka "Black Baron", i AIM e hoʻi i ka "aliʻi noho alii".

Ae, Kuhina, a i ole malu o kona manao aloha. I politically'ōlewa, akamai,ʻo ia ka i loko o kona mau polokalamu ma keia ua i ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia. A maopopo leʻa au e i koi ia, Eia naʻe, ka mea, i ole mea.

emigration

A pau o ke ola Vrangelya Petra Nikolaevicha i loko o kekahi 'atikala he mea hiki ole ke hai aku. Wale nō i kekahi manawa o kona noho ana ma kahi e aku, e hiki ke hoolilo aku ka leo.

I Nowemapa 1920, i ka Army Red wāwahi ma i ka Crimea. A i loko o keia kulana, hoike hou General Wrangel ia ia iho e akakaʻi. He hoʻokele e hoʻonohonoho i ka piʻoloke o ka White Army a me civilians ma waho i kaʻai, chaos ua ole. Mālama aku i nā mea a pau i makemake. Wrangell ua kino kākoʻo ia ma luna o ka mea make i hooholo awa.

He mea maʻalahi feat. He - ma luna koa wale kekahi Wrangel. Ma hope iho o ka luna i lawe mai ai, mai ka Crimea (i loko o November 1920), e like me ka poe a pau i 132 moku ukana i ka palena! Ka mea, holo nā mea pakele - 145 tausani 693 kanaka, e like me moku i ka moku i ka.

Haʻalele a me ka hoʻokuhikuhi. Aia, aku, mai ka hale, ia i hoʻokumu i ka Lūkini Koa Union (1924), ka mea i mākaukau i kekahi manawa, e komo i ka puali paio e ku e Bolshevism. Aku la oia ua hiki ke hana ia. Ka iwi kuamoo o nā mea a pau, he mau mua luna. I ua i ka oi aku ka nui a me ka loa ikaika loa hui beloemigrantov. Kakau iho la maluna pono o ka haneri tausani lala.

Na Bolsheviks reacted ia ia me ka nui mālama nui. He ole ulia i na luna kekahi kidnapped, a pepehi i ka Soviet huna hana.

Ma ka haule ana o ka makahiki 1927, a hiki i Baron, ka mea moe o ka hoopai, au i ka hoomanao ana i loko o ka lima o ka ohana nui kekahi. E hānai. Mai Constantinople pu ia i hoʻoneʻe me kona ohana i ka Palukela. E like me ka lunaʻenehana loaʻa he 'oihana i loko o ka huakai.

Ma ke kahua kaua

Kela a me keia lā koa maʻamau o ke ola, i huli mai i ka ia i ka hailona ana e kaua i ka mau, oia ua koa loa. Alone moʻolelo i hiki mai ai i loko o ka First World, i mea kumukuai. I ka luna o ka squadron o ka lio ua, like manawa, wiwoʻole a me ka māmā. Ma kekahi wahi o ka papa luna o ka Kaliningrad māhele, Wrangell, loaa ae e hoouka aku i kaʻenemi ka o na pu ki, i ka hoouka lawe mai koke. A hopu nā pū. A kekahi o lakou, e hoʻokele, e lawe i ka hope pana. He pepehi i ka lio ma i noho i ka alihi kaua ...

Oiai ma Constantinople, Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich noho ma luna o ka moku peʻa. Kekahi lā ia rammed. Ka mea, ua ka Italia moku, akā, hele aku la mai o ko mākou Batumi. Yahtochka piholo maka. None o ka Wrangel ohana ma luna o ka moku ua,ʻaʻole ma laila. A luina lala ekolu i make. Malihini ana o ka hana 'hoala Ua ulu maila o deliberate hookui hookahe koko ana a me ka moku peʻa. Ka mea, hoopaa mai i keia la noiʻi Soviet huna lawelawe hana. Ua komo Olga Golubovska, immigrant a me ka Agena o ka Soviet Aupuni.

A me hoʻokahi hou mea. Just eono mahina hiki ana ma Palukela ma hope, Peter N. palaka make (mai ka tuberculosis maʻiʻaʻai). Naʻe, i ka ohana? Aaeaaaaony i kona kaikaina, iʻapu kōheoheo i ke kauwa i ua pili i ka barona. He, hoi, ua i loko o ka NKVD hope. Kēia mana ua manawa hookupaa iho la ia e nā kumu.

ʻIno ola! Mea hopena. Aia o kekahi puke, ka foreword e i i kākauʻia e kākau Nikolai Starikov - ". Memoirs o Petra Nikolaevicha Vrangelya" He kumukuai heluhelu. Ua hiki aku i ka hohonu noʻonoʻo.