Gumboldt Vilgelm: Kawaihae a me na hana

Wilhelm av Humboldt i ka nui ole ma ka hooulu ana o ka moʻomeheu a me ka moʻokalaleo. Kana mau hana e hoʻomau i ka ho ololi i na haumana a me thinkers. Kela a me keia hoʻonaʻauao kanaka ua hana e akahele ninaninau i ka hana i kākau ai ma ka manawa Gumboldt Vilgelm. Kona mau manao a me nā hopena i nō pili no Contemporary XX a me XXI kenekulia. No ka maopopo 'ana o kona mau manaʻo, he pono e delve i loko o kona Kawaihae, loaʻa mai i mea no ka aina hanau o Vilgelm Gumboldt, kahi āna i hana, nana aloha i kekahi kūikawā keiki ma luna ona.

me Kinohi

Wilhelm av Humboldt, e like me kona like loea kaikaina, Alexander, ua iho mai o ka hanohano a me ka waiwai 'ohana, a ua nuiʻia a me ke kālā no. I ko lākou waiwai, a me ka hale kākela kaulana o Tegel ma Pelelina.

Gumboldt Vilgelm Ua hānauʻia ma luna o Iune 22, 1767 ma Potsdam. Kona makua kāne, Alexander Georg, iho mai ka Prussian bourgeoisie. Kona kupuna i ka ua aliʻi lā i ke aloha i ko lakou poe koa pono. Mother, Baroness Elizabeth av Golvede i Palani kumu ae. Wale o ka Huguenots ma Farani puʻe wale akula kēlā, e haʻalele i ko lakou wahi i noho ai, a neʻe i Hawaii, ma Pelelina kona ohana. A hiki o Alexander Georg hiki ma Pelelina ma hope o kona hoʻomaha,ʻo ia halawai i kona wā e hiki mai ka wahine. Ka mea, he mau keiki kāne - Alexander a me Wilhelm.

ho okumu

Humboldtʻohana i hookoe i kumu waiwai no ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' ana o kā lākou mau keiki. I kona makahiki 20 Vilgelm Gumboldt komo i ke kulanui i loko o Frankfurt ka der Oder, a hoomaka ae la e hoolohe i ka haʻi'ōlelo ma philology a me ka mōʻaukala ma ke Kulanui o Göttingen mai 1788. Mai ka 27 i ka 30 makahiki,ʻo ia i noho ai i loko o Jena, kahi ana i nui wale na makamaka, ka poe i pono-ike akeakamai a me thinkers. I waena o lākou e pono ke kūʻai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ka inoa o Schiller a me Goethe. A laila, hele aku la ia i Paris, e noiʻi i Farani moʻomeheu - no ka mea, kahe hapa 'ia a me Palani i ke koko. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia kana a he wahi lihi iki o ka manawa e holo ana a puni Spain, a me ka Basque māhele 'āina.

'oihana hana

Gumboldt Vilgelm ua he nui huahelu i loko o ka Arena kālai'āina o Prussia. I kekahi mau manawa, mai 1801 a hiki i 1819, a noho'ōleloʻole nui aupuni pou, ua plenipotentiaryʻelele ma Vienna, ke Waikikana, Paris, Palaka. I loko nō o kona loiloi like Kuhina o ka hoʻomana a me Education, oia ua hiki ke lawe mai i ka nui-unahiʻole, i mihi o ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe, a kiʻekiʻe ma Prussia. Humboldt ka manaʻo e lawe mai iniiaiie kula, mai lalo haipule keiki, a, e ana i ka hoʻopiʻia hoʻonaʻauao kula.

I ka 1809, ua hoʻokumu i ke Kulanui o Pelelina. Ano, ua kapaia ka inoa o keia kula ma hope o Humboldt. Ua ua ma Pelelina oia i noho ai, a hana Vilgelm Gumboldt, kona Kawaihae ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i kekahi o ka loa influential kulanakauhale ma Germany.

Humboldt i i pau i laila. O kona pono la, ua ahuwale, a ma ka mea kaulana Ahaolelo o Vienna, a i ho'ākāka 'ia i ka hou' Eulopa pa alima ma hope o ka haule ana o ko Napoleon ka mana. A hiki i 1819 Vilgelm Gumboldt ua he influential diplomat i komo i loko o ka hana ana i ka hoʻoholo loa nui no ke aupuni. He ua poe i ke aupuni i loko o ka International Arena, a ua loaʻa ka pomaikai nui i loko o kēia kahua.

hana hoʻonanea

Maikaʻi ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka haʻawina maluhia o kona 'ohana' ae 'William, e komo i ka pōʻai o koʻikoʻi ka noiʻi a me ka poe akeakamai o kona manawa. Ma waho aʻeo i ka oihana paha e kū'ē'ē i loko o kālai'āina, av Humboldt ua mau hoihoi ma ka humanism a me kona mau manao. No ka laʻana, ma 1790h makahiki i kākau ai i ka hana noa i ka ' "manaʻo ma luna o ka hoao e ho oholo i ka palena o ka moku'āina hana," a e hoʻomōhala ana i ka manaʻo o ka piha ku okoa ana o ke kanaka e ku ei ka moku'āina. Humboldt ka haʻina o ka manaʻo i ke kumu hana o ka moku'āina mea e hōʻoia i ka aina o ia kenekoa ano hoopono, akā, ālai ia 'aʻe i loko o nā hana o na kanaka, ka mea aole e hoʻomākauaka. Nā manaʻo i hōʻikeʻia i loko o keia pepa, he ai kū hoʻokahi, i ka huina hoonui i na hoopai ana i ka censorship, a ua papaia mai ia e kakau. Ma o ka malamalama o ka mea i hele wale ma ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia.

Kēia mea,ʻaʻole ka mea wale nō i loko o ka hana a kona mau manaʻo 'ana a me ka pepa hōʻuluʻulu Vilgelm Gumboldt. Linguistics loaʻa i loko o kona maka i kekahi o na reformers a me na Mamua o kēia manaÿo.

Aie i ka laula o ka hihiʻo, a me ka nui kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana Vilgelm Gumboldt ua komo i loko o nā mea a pau i ka palapala, ai' salons. He ua pinepine kono e lohe i kona manao ma keia 'ole ia i ka manawa maopopo, huli hōʻike manaʻo e pili ana i ka heluhelu palapala, ai' hana.
I ka 1791, kana wahine lilo Hiʻiakakahanuolaokahula av Dahereden - kekahi o ka loa a me ka hoʻonaʻauao akamai wahine o kona manawa. Ua kōkua a kākoʻo a pau mea āna i hana ai Wilhelm av Humboldt. i ka ahaaina mare ma hope, Humboldt hale lilo i wahi no regular halawai o ka maikai manaʻo i loko o nā mea a pau o Eulopa. Here oe ke hālāwai a me nā mea kākau, a me nā kānakaʻepekema, a me ka poe akeakamai, a me nā loea kālai'āina.

Kekahi o na kumu pono o Wilhelm, i lilo ai i ka hele ana. He hele a puni Europa, pinepine no ka lōʻihi manawa noho ma Kuikilana a me Roma. Ua Ua i kona hele ana ua hoopihaia oia me ke aloha a me ka nui hoihoi ma ka'ōlelo'ē, a me ka hana 'ike loea.

hana

Ka'ōlelo manaʻo o Vilgelma Gumboldta loaʻa kona i kā mākouʻae ma hope o kona hoʻomaha, a me ka paʻa o ke kūlana politika a me ka lehulehu 'oihana. He ua i ka hailona o noa manawa, a ia huli mai, e lawe mai i ko lakou mau manao a me ka manaʻo i loko o ka hookahi kākau palapala.

Ka pilikia mua i ka hana "Ma ka me nā study o nā'ōlelo no nā manawa likeʻole o ko lākou ulu ana." He heluhelu ia i loko o nā paia o ka Pelelina Academy o Sciences. Eia paʻi i kekahi pepa "Ma ke kumu o grammatical ano a me kā lākou hopena ma luna o ka ulu ana o ka manao." Ua Ua waiho mai i ka hoʻokumu paʻaʻana o kaʻimi naʻauao linguistics, i i ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka Vilgelm Gumboldt. Linguistics Ua nō oi kokoke mai ma kana mau hana, a me theorists e kūkākūkā i kona manaʻo a me nā postulates.

Aia mea no hoi i ka hana ma ka holo ana i ole he manawa e finalize a hoolaha aku Gumboldt Vilgelm. "Ma ka Kawi ma ka mokupuni o Iawa" o kekahi mau hana. I Ua kuapo i ka versatility a me ka laula o ka tālena a me ka manaʻo o keia poe akeakamai a me ka thinker.

Kona papa kuhikuhi hana, "Ma ka likeʻole ma waena o ka 'ole o ke kanaka' ōlelo a me kona aoao ma o ka uhane? Acaeoey o ke kanaka," i paʻiʻia, Eia naʻe, posthumously. It Humboldt Wilhelm ho'āʻo like nui au mamuli e wehewehe i ka pā like o ko lākou noiʻi.

He 'aloʻahia i ka uhane o ke kuʻikahi, o na kanaka a me kā lākou'ōlelo. No ka mea, 'ōlelo Hōʻike' kaʻike hoʻokumu o kēlā me kēia 'ōlelo, ka mea Hōʻike' ka uhane o na kanaka a pau.

e piʻi like

Wilhelm av Humboldt lilo ole wale he koʻikoʻi pili aupuni huahelu i loko o ka moku'āina, akā, i haʻalele i ka nui hoailona me he poʻokela nä känaka 'epekema. Kokua aku la oia i ka pono o kona aupuni ma ka manawa o ka ia kenekoa redistribution o 'Eulopa, e pili ana i ka hou honua kauoha. A me ka meaʻiʻo hana ana. Kona hana i mahalo mahalo e ka Auguseto. He ua he akamai diplomat.

Ma hope iho o ka pau ana o kona 'oihana, a me ka Hekikai o noa manawa hana i loko o ke ao o ka' ōlelo a pau, i ko lakou Mea Maluna, kaawale ana o ka mea like a me nä mea. Nā manaʻo haawi ai oia ia ia ma kana mau palapala i i ua paʻi. ka hohonu noiʻi ua ai hoʻoponopono i kona manaʻo,ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hou 'epekema - linguistics. Kekahi o kona mau manaʻo mua mai hookahi i loko o hoʻokahi haneri makahiki, a ua hookupaa iho la ia i kaʻumi makahiki hope. Ma ke kumu o kona mau mea, ua ulu ma laila ua he 'epekema kaawale o ke kani i loko o linguistics - phonology.

Paa ia ka hoʻonaʻauao mihi i kokua mai ai i koa pono'ī hooikaika ana e hoʻopau illiteracy i waena o ka heluna kanaka. Ua ua i kona kula, hoomaka ae la e lawe ma luna o nā hiʻona kama'āina iā mākou. Prior i kēia,ʻaʻohe kula nenoaiu Ua kokoke 'ole-existent.

ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu Hawaiʻi

Wilhelm av Humboldt i ka hana a waiho iho i ke kumu no ka hou 'epekema - linguistics, linguistics. He ua kūkākūkāʻia theses, i haawi aku ai no ka manao i ka na poe akeakamai a me nā kānakaʻepekema. Hiki i keia manawa, linguists hoopaapaa ana a kūkākūkā i na mea he nui o kona hopena a me ka mea i ae e pili ana i kekahi mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Akā, i kekahi mea i kekahi - he mea hiki ole i ka hoʻopaʻa haʻawina i kēia 'epekema me ka ike ole i ka inoa o Vilgelma Gumboldta.

Ma waho aʻeo ka 'epekema pepa i i haʻalele ai i kā lākou mau mamo Wilhelm av Humboldt ma ka' ōlelo, kekahi nui ke kauoha i kekahi kulanui hookumuiaʻi e ia, i loko o a puka 'o ia nā tausani o ka poe opiopio a me ka loea kanaka.

Ke kumukuai no ka mea Contemporary

Wilhelm av Humboldt ka manaʻo ua lilo i ke kipi i loko o linguistics. Ae, e like me ka hapanui theorists, scientific manaʻo i hele imua, a me kekahi o nā manaʻo, a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o kēia 'epekema i OOAOAaXUEIE, a ua lilo ia i mea pili' ole. Aka hoi, kēlā nä känaka 'epekema e loa kōkua maikaʻiʻia e ike, a maopopo i ka papa o ka hoopaapaa ana av Humboldt ma ka hanaiia'na mai o kana mau hana.

He lilo ka hailona o ka manawa, systematizing a classifying kekahi mau 'ōlelo no ka'ōlelo hui a me ka na hiʻona a oko. Humboldt kamailio e pili ana i kūpaʻa a me ka variability o nā ka 'ōlelo - pehea e hoʻololi ma manawa i aloha ia mau loli, e noho mau loa kekahi o ia mau mea, a i mea no hoi i nā loko iʻa.

Mea paipai manaʻo a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i

Ka honua ka hoʻouka kekahi ōlaʻi i o kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka hanohano o Wilhelm av Humboldt, akā, kekahi o ka loa poʻokela i ka lua ma kaʻaoʻao hiki o ka mahina, a i kapaia ma hope o ke nä känaka 'epekema nui.

Ma Pelelina, he kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka hanohano o Humboldt ma kekahi o na kumu nui alanui o ke kūlanakauhale - Unter lua Linden.