Hale Pule Nui Square o ka Moscow Kremlin: manao, kiʻikuhi, hōʻikeʻano, mōʻaukala, a me nā kiʻi. Where ka Hale Pule Nui Square?

Hale Pule Nui Square o ka Moscow Kremlin - he kū hoʻokahi kuhikuhipuʻuone mōʻaukala kia. I ka papa kuhikuhiE wā o ka ho okumu ana o ka nani Kanakaʻole - XV-XVI kenekulia.

Pehea mea a pau, hoomaka ae la

E hooikaika ana i ka aneiai kulana o ka Moscow na'lii a alakai ai i ka hoʻomaka o ke kūkulu o ka nani ekalesia a me cathedrals. Duke Dmitrii Donskoy a me Ivan Kalyta kauoha kūkulu luakini, a i hōʻike 'ia ma ka wā e hiki mai' ole a me ka māheleʻia wahi haku mele 'ana. Eia naʻe, i ka mua hale i ole, ua malamaia. Iloko o ka noho alii ana o Ivan III ma ka ia wahi i kūkulu hou luakini, e pono no i ke kulanakauhale alii nui o ka Lūkini moku'āina.

no ka Building

Mai ka loa hoʻomaka o kona helehelena i ka Hale Pule Nui Square o ka Moscow Kremlin i ua hoʻohana no kānāwai, huakai i. I ahaaina mare ma ka noho alii ana o ka poni, a ma o nā lā o ka nui haipule icai i loko o kona palena i paʻa ke awa hana. E kau i ka lānai Faceted keena i manao e hoʻokipa i nā lunaʻimi haole. Ke kahi ma ka hoʻolewa huakaʻi a hiki i ka wahi o ka hope puuhonua o na makua'lii, metropolitans, nā aliʻi, a nui makualii.

Hale Pule Nui Square ma Moscow i loko o ka umikumamawalu a me ka umikumamaiwa kenekulia,ʻaʻole i kekahi manawa, ka hoʻomohala pohaku slabs i ka sandstone. A mau makahiki o ka iwakalua kenekulia ka mea, ua n oaa. Iloko o ke? Aeiino? I ka 1955 o ka wahi hoopaa iho ai i kona pohaku palaoa.

Mea i e ole i ola

Ke Ensemble o ka Hale Pule Nui Square o ka Moscow Kremlin ua pinepine ae la oia hoopahaohao. Mua kukulu a puni ke anapuni o ke kūkulu o ka laau. Kekahi o lākou e hoʻokele i ola i loko o ka paʻa kapikala o na ahi, kekahi wale e amo, laila, i loko o ko lākou wahi i kukulu hou poʻe. Kokoke i ka maha a pau, e ku ana i ka Hale Pule Nui Square, he mua. Ka loa kaulana o ka manawa-na mea - Church palapala moʻopane o ka holoku, Temple Solovetsky mana poe hana, luna'ānela Hale Pule Nui, ka Annunciation, a me ka mea mahuʻi, ke kahiko makua'lii ka Palace.

Aia he mau hale i i luku ai seriously poino ma ka enemi. Pela ka mea, ua i ka Time Nui o ka pilikia (makahiki 1612), a me ka kaua o Napoleon (1812). No ka laʻana, i ka wa a na Palani poʻe hao wale i emi mai ke poʻo, ka mea i lukuʻia i ke kū hoʻokahi Filaret hoohui aku i ka bele halekiai Ivana Velikogo. Ka Ia hopena kali i ke kokoke ekolu-kīkoʻo belfry. 'Aʻole i malamaia a me ka ekalesia Ioanna Lestvichnika. Ua Ua kukulu ia a hiki ma ka mea o Ivan Kalita i ka 1329. Ke 'ole ua octagonal shape a me kona mau hoaka no na bele, a ua aia ma luna o ka lua o ka papahele. Kona oluolu e ike i kaʻumikumamālima kenekulia me ka manao o ka ho'āpono wale i ka ?? eoi? No ka hana o ka bele hale kiaʻi i loko o ka hanohano o Ivana Velikogo.

Ke kuhikuhipuʻuone helehelena o ke kūkulu o ka ekalesia ua hoʻololi i ke ala ana o ka manawa koi 'ia. Kekahi iauaeoia i ua inā me ka hou mokuna, cloisters a me nā kumu mua.

Features kuhikuhipuʻuone kaila

Hale Pule Nui o ka Moscow Kremlin Square (Hawaii photo hōʻike i loko o kēia 'atikala) i nā hiʻona kekahi mau typical o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone kula o ka Vladimir-Suzdal na'lii a me Pskov. Masters kono mai ka-oaio? A elua o Lūkini pohaku kuhikuhipuʻuone, ma ke kukulu ana i na ekalesia a me cathedrals ka mea,ʻaʻole wale hahai ma hope o ka panina ki ina hana, akā, i lawe hou. No ka laʻana, ma ka hana kaʻina Rizopolozhensky ekalesia no ka manawa mua i kiʻekiʻe hale ilalo. Pskov kula ua i he nui hopena ma luna o ka mea hoʻonani o facades. No laila, i loko o na luakini hemolele oe ke ike i ka curbs, ornamental kāʻei i pahu Dome beguntsy, ekolu-kōmi 'hoʻokolohua o ka piha mea helehelena. Like no ka Vladimir-Suzdal kula, kona keiki ka loa akaka no ka puka i loko o ka manao o ka mea mahuʻi Hale Pule Nui (ololi e pio mai nā pukaaniani a me nā kāʻei i ka apse).

hou kaila

Ma ke kumu o ka hoʻololi kemikala o nā hiʻona poʻokela o na kula elua o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone o nā 'āina' nui i loko o kaʻumikumamālima kenekulia ua rannemoskovskogo kaila ano pohaku kuhikuhipuʻuone, i hope lilo i ka All-Russian. Ua kuhi keel corbel piʻo ma ka mea helehelena, he mea ulu ma ke kikowaena kālī whorls a me kona mau hoaka podpruzhnymi. Ma keia hihia, ke kikowaena pahu o ke Dome oi pono 'oni iki i ka hikina ciia o ke kūkulu ka leo.

huakaʻi i ke kai kū i ke au

No ka ana i hana i ka Hale Pule Nui Square o ka Moscow Kremlin ma lalo o ka aoao o ka loa kuhikuhipuʻuone o ka Italia pakebona. I loko nō o ka mea i ke kono haole nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone i ho'āʻo e pili ana i ka moʻolelo koho no ka hana o ka pohaku hale i loko o Rusia, mea hoʻonani o na facades o kekahi hale (Hale Pule Nui o ka luna'ānela, ka Faceted keʻena ma luna a me na mea e ae) anao? Aou oihana mua typical o Florentine hale. Iwaena o lakou, manao o ka puka makani i ka weheʻana, a me nā tambourines, e like me e nani ai. No ka laʻana, Bon Fryazin ka mua manawa i loko o Rusia noi metala screed i loko o ka hana kaʻina. A laila, i kēia seemingly mailuilu haalele hehee ai Hāʻule maila lākou i ka'opi o ka bele halekiai Ivana Velikogo ka wā e ho'āʻo e puhi ia i loko o 1812

A iki e pili ana i na nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone

Eia naʻe, i loko o ka palapala o kaʻumikumamālima kenekulia, ua ole he nui wale o ia mau inoa, i ke aloha i ka mea iʻikeʻia i ka Hale Pule Nui Square o ka Moscow Kremlin. Nāʻoihana hōʻike Krivtsov a me Myshkin - Head artisanal nā kālai pōhaku, mai Pskov, hana ma ka kukulu ana o ka Annunciation Ekalesia a me Rizopolozhensky ekalesia.

Ma muli o ka nele o kona mau mākaukau nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone ma Moscow hoomaka ae la e kono aku ia haole. Kekahi o ka hōʻeaʻana mai mua o Italian poe akamai i - Aristotle Fioravanti. He alakaʻi ka kaʻina hana o ke kūkulu o ka mea mahuʻi Hale Pule Nui. Ke kukulu o ka kaulana Palace o Facets hoʻoili Marko Fryazin Pierre Antonio Solari. I ka hoʻomaka o ka umikumamaono kenekulia, i ka hana o ka mea mahuʻi Hale Pule Nui alai ae Aleviz mea hou.

Ka loa pohihihi o ka Italia haku i kapaia o Amerka Fryazino. About i kona ola a me ka hana, aole meaʻaneʻane 'aʻohe' ikepili. He kākoʻo i ke kūkulu kaʻina hana o ka mau tiers mua o ka belfry Ivana Velikogo. Kēia mai ai i loko o nā makahiki 1505-1508. Ua hoomau kona hihia Petroc Minor - i Italian. He hana ma ka hana 'ō o ka Kremlin no nā makahiki (1522), me kona akamai nui, a me ka kūlana hōʻoia ana i ka inoa Architecton. Oia iaia ke kaena elua hou wale Italia - Solari a me New Aleviz.

modernity

E like me ka Hale Pule Nui Square o ka Moscow e oi ana Kremlin? Ka hoʻokukeʻana Ensemble, o ka papa, Hawaiʻi ma manawa. Importantly, moʻolelo, ua hana hoola hou a me nā akamai no kekahi mau makahiki he hanana nana aku oe i na mea he nui moʻomeheu a me ka mōʻaukala kia hoʻomanaʻo i, e hoʻihoʻi aku. Currently, ke poʻokela papahana o ka XV-XVI kenekulia, akaka mua o ka mahalo malihini i loko o nā mea a pau kona nani. E hoomanao i kekahi kumu i loko o hou au mamuli.

Hale Pule Nui o ka Annunciation

Hale Pule Nui o ka Moscow Kremlin Square (manao Komohana Hema hapa ia Hōʻike ') ua ikeia no ka Hale Pule Nui, i kukulu ia e Pskov haku i loko o 1484-1489. Mai ka lā mai o ka noho alii ana o Ivan III , a me ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki kenekulia ka Annunciation Hale Pule Nui i ka hale ekalesia o nā aliʻi o Rusia. O ka luakini, i ua hooleiia me elima na papakaukau, Dome - he harmonious haku mele 'ana i loko o rannemoskovskogo kuhikuhipuʻuone kula kaila. Loko ia oe ke mahalo pohihihi keia examples o ka haipule pena o ka umikumamaono kenekulia. Ua nani loa eiiieaena palapala expresses i ka manaʻo o ka huakaʻi o ka Orthodox Church ma Rusia me ka pololei hope i ka Byzantine aupuni a pau.

Hale Pule Nui o ka luna'ānela

I kēia manawa, kēia hale lawelawe 'ana me ka hale kupapau he nui Lūkini luna. Ua Ua Aia ma ka hema-hikina hapa o ke kikowaena huinahalike. Ma ka Nani Loa nānā aku o ka luakini, uaʻelemakule 'ole ma na kumu mua o ke kula Italian o kuhikuhipuʻuone o ka pakebona. Ka moʻolelo Hale Pule Nui Ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o ka paena i na'lii loli ana e ka ino, i ka ekalesia Arhangela Mihaila (no? Ieoaeunoaa makahiki - he umikumamaha). Ieoaeunoai o ka hemolele aloha me ka Ensemble o ka Kremlin.

Faceted keena

Kēia 'ole ua manao ia no ka pā haleʻahaʻaina a me nāʻoihana. Ua Ua kūkulu i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1487 e 1491 Italia nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone Solari a me Ruffo kākoʻo i ka hana. E hoolilo ana i ka hikina mea helehelena faceted mhihi i hoʻomākaukauʻia hui a me ka lancet puka makani i ka hopena o ka aoao o Italian kuhikuhipuʻuone. I ka makahiki kenekulia i nā paia o ka Hale pena iho Ushakov.

Ivan no Great Bell

I waho? Ieoaeunoai ua manaoia e nô i ka mana o Rusia. No ka lōʻihi manawa, i ka bele hale kiai i ka loa kūkuluʻia i loko o ke poʻo, a ua moekolohe ano he kūlana like me ka nui o ka wati-hale kiaʻi o ka Kremlin. Ua Ua lilo i benchmark i loko o ka hana ana i kēia mau kia-na ekalesia ma ka moku'āina.

mea mahuʻi Hale Pule Nui

'O kēia ka papa kuhikuhiE Orthodox ekalesia o Rusia. Ua Ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka Hale Pule Nui ma Vladimir. Makahiki o ke kūkulu - 1475-1479. Ma ke kikowaena Dome o na papakaukau, keʻa ua lele akula i ke kiekie o kanaha-kumamalima mau mika. Loko o nā paia o keia luakini i mareia ma ka noho alii ana o Lūkini Ierusalema, na'lii, a ua hoʻokiʻekiʻeʻia i ka hoouka i ke kaua Orthodox hierarchs. I kēia lā, ma laila i kanuʻia he nui o na makua'lii a me metropolitans o ka aina. Bright kikowaena keʻena pena hoʻokahi haneri nā haku o ko lākou mau oihana.

Pehea e kiʻi ma laila?

Where ka Hale Pule Nui Square? Unique Ensemble? Aniiei? Ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Moscow Kremlin. He mea hiki, e kipaku aku i ke kaʻa'ōhua № 6 a №№ trolley 1, 33 (Ua oki hele "Borovitskaya wahi"), i pono like ma luna o ke kaʻa'ōhua ma lalo iho (wahi "Alexander Garden", "Borovitskaya", "Arbatskaja", "Library ia. Lenin ").

ka hopena

Hale Pule Nui o ka Moscow Kremlin Square (Ensemble palapala 'ua hōʻike i ka' atikala) - ka pīhoihoi papahana. I loko nō o kona moʻolelo elima-haneri kao wahine, pinepine ae la oia lilo iho la ia i wahi kahi momentous mōʻaukala hanana i wehewehe ana.