He aha ka cyanide? Cyanides a me kā lākou mau kanawai ma ke kanaka kino

I ka makahiki 1945 ka mea i paʻi puke "Sparkling Cyanide" ma Agatha Christie. Ke Anohana huli mai leʻaleʻa a me ka hana hoihoi. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole mea ike ia ia i ka cyanide hakuʻole. Nolaila, aha mea keia waiwai ua, a pehea ia e loli ai i ke kanaka kino?

He aha ka cyanide?

Cyanide - he papa o ke kiʻekiʻe-hana pono hana, a i ka detrimental ia ma luna o ke kanaka kino. Ma na olelo e ae, e hoomake iho no hoi. Lākou kaʻawahia ua hikiwawe wehewehe ma ka hopena maikaʻi 'ole o kekahi o ko lākou mau eiiiiiaiou ma ke kelepona hele ka hanu. I huli ai oe, o Nyos i ka pau meaola. Ke keena wale hooki functioning. Ma hope iho o kēia mea nui kino nenoai hooki i ka hana, a he mea he pathological nui ana, a pinepine welau a me ka make.

No laila, i ka cyanide? Mua o nā mea a pau, i na nā mea loaʻa o hydrocyanicʻakika. I ka haʻilula o ka potasiuma cyanide Ua puni hoʻi: KCN. No ka mea manawa mua i kēia mea, ua loaa e ka German chemist Robert Vilgelmom Bunzenom. Eia hou, ke nä känaka 'epekema ua ulu hou a me ka hanalima keʻano o ka hanaʻana o kona hoʻololi kemikala. Ua hiki i ka 1845.

Kekahi o ka waiwai o ka mea

Potasiuma cyanide mea he keʻokeʻo ka pauka me ka mea pōaka 'ole. Ke substance Ua pono wailana i loko o ka wai. I ka make i ka hoailona nā dudima, akā, ka mea hiki ke haha aku ma kahi o 50% o ka heluna kanaka o ko mākou Honua. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka potasiuma cyanide mea lolelua ka waiwai. Ua Ua oxidized ma ka pāʻoihana i loaʻa ka monakō koko, a me ka lawaʻilikai o ka humidity.

Ua mea no hoi i uncommon, a me ka paʻakai cyanide. Ke haʻilula o ka waiwai: NaCN. Paʻakai cyanide mea he keʻokeʻo ka lepo, he lepo lā, kāpili ma luna a me hygroscopic nā pōaka. I ka waiwai o kekahi poe. Ua hoike mai koke i loko o ka wai a me ka menthol. E iho, paʻakai cyanide mea ole flammable. Naʻe, ka wā ma ka hui 'ana me nā hua ea Agena paha ke kinoea, i mea flammable. I'ā paʻakai cyanide allocatesʻawahia a me keʻano ukiuki o fumes. Ka mea, hiki i hoʻoponopono kaʻapu kōheoheo. Kekahi volatiles ano cyanides a me hydrolysis.

Cyanide i ka mea kanu

He aha ka cyanide maopopo. Akā, pehea ka mea, ua hua mai, a no ka mea? Cyanide ua hua mai,ʻaʻole wale nō ma ka kemikala mea. i loaʻa kēia mau 'ona i loko o maoli. Kēia maoli i ka pilikia o intentional a accidental kaʻapu kōheoheo. Ka make hiki ke loaa mai kekahi ka ai a me ka kanu i nā huahana. Ia mea no keia kumu, oe e ike i na kumu o ka cyanide.

Ka papa inoa o ka pilikiaʻai nā lima ka pī, alemona a me ka cassava. Eia hou kekahi, cyanide ua iloko o loko o ka iwi o ka ohia, plum, apricot, kamako iki, peach a i na ohia. Kaʻapu kōheoheo no hoi ia lŘlŘ wale i loko o ia mau hihia, i ka wa i ke kino e loaʻa ai ka excessive dala o ka pilikia huahana. At kamepiula i kela poe kanaka, ka poe i he idiosyncrasy.

Ka hoʻohana o cyanide

Cyanide pāʻoihana i hoʻohana 'ia ma na mea he nui na hana. Mau waiwai i mau hoʻohana 'ia no ka hana pepa, ea a me nā mea hana o ka home i kekahi mau? Ueo. Nō kāu, o ka make i keia manawa, ma na mea he nui o na reagents mea i hoʻohana i ka hōʻike kiʻi. I metallurgy mākou e ina hookolokolo hoohana i kekahi waiwai no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe electroplating a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia, e like me ia no ka hoʻokaʻawale o ke gula i eliia.

Eia hou kekahi, cyanide ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ke kinoea i loko o ka hui pu ana me nā waiwai a me ka AIM o disinfecting waho pūnaewele o ka hua liilii. Ia mea haʻilula keimikala ae e luku rodents.

Waiwai ma luna o ke kino

Ma hope o hui 'ana me cyanide i loko o ka meaola ola ua wahi kūikawā'ūhū - cytochrome oxidase. E like me ka hopena, i ka lole nalowale he koi nui o ka oxygen. Ua hiki aku i ke kūpono 'ana o ke asphyxia.

Mua o nā mea a pau,'aʻaʻa hypoxia e loli ai i ka lolo. E like me ka hopena o ka ulu Central ko mākou hopohopo kahua lōlō. A pau i kēia hiki aku i kokololio make. Like no na symptoms o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana, e hōʻike aneane nei.

Ke oolea o ka hoʻomanawanui hilinaʻi nui kuhikuhi ana ma ke ala ma a ka mea make i loko o ke kino. Ma hope o inhalation o ka ohu, a kinoea kaʻapu kōheoheo ia lŘlŘ nei. Loa ke nānā cyanide komo iloko ma kaʻili, a gastrointestinal'āpana. Ma na hihia a pau, na symptoms o kaʻapu kōheoheo hiki e hōʻike i nā.

I ka hoike ana i na hoailona o kaʻapu kōheoheo

E like me ua oleloia, na hoailona o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana a me ka nui o ko lākou mau symptoms hilinaʻi ana ma i ke ala o ka mea make i loko o ke kino, a me ka mea. No kanaka lethal mahele lāʻau o ka cyanide mea wale 0,1 mg / ho'āo ai. Make ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka hora. Inā i ke kino ua loaa 0.12-0.15 mg / L, ke kanaka make i loko o ka hapalua o ka hora.

Inā ua mahuahua i 0.2 mg ka lehulehu o kaʻawahia waiwai, o ka make ia lŘlŘ i loko o 10 minuke. It O ke kumukuai o 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ke kanaka mea hiki ke hoole aku i ke cyanide kaʻapu kōheoheo ma lalo o kekahi mau kumu. He hiki ina o ka lehulehu o kaʻawahia waiwai , aole ia i oi aku mamua o 0,55 mg / k, aʻaʻole make e loli ai oi ma mua o kekahi minuke.

Inā cyanide loaʻa i loko o ke kino a pau a me ke kinoea, e malama ma hope o kekahi mau kekona i nā symptoms. Inā kaʻawahia waiwai komo i ka opu, ka lapaʻau kiʻi e hoʻomōhala ai ma hope o kekahi mau minuke.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms o kaʻapu kōheoheo

Cyanide - he make ia e like me ia i ka wa a lakou i hiki ai i loko o ke kanaka kino. Ma kiʻekiʻe nā māhele o ka Nine Inch konohiki kaʻapu kōheoheo symptoms ike koke ia. Eia nō i ka papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona:

1. Mua o nā mea a pau, i ka luahi nalowale ike paka i.
2. Koke mai i ka ÷ naehana hanu'ōnaehana lōlō. Eia hou, ka naau Muscle ua wahi.
3. Ka make.

Me ka nīnūnē dosages symptoms hōʻike i nā:

1. No ka mea loiloi mua kahua o ka cyanide kaʻapu kōheoheo ua wehewehe aku ma ka pōniuniu, huʻi a me ka hoʻomaka koke ulu headache, kokololio Kal a me ka hanu, me ka manao o ka naau ma ka frontal lobes, he naholo kiki mai ai o ke koko a hiki i ke poo.
2. Ka lua o ka anu u - pokole o ka hanu. Pela ha i walaʻau, hohonu a me ka pohihihi. Ka lāʻau ikiʻai e ka meheu o ia ma ka luahi, nausea, ka luaʻi, na haumana dilate.
3. Ma ka mea e hiki mai ana ke kahua, ke kanaka nalowale ike paka i. Pinepine tetanic spasms i spasm o ka masticatory nāʻiʻo, i hiki ka hopena ma biting 'ōlelo.
4. I kekahi kahua - lōlō. Ka luahi nalowale ole wale na reflexes, akā, i pā lonoaʻili. Hanu mea loa pohihihi keia. Eia hou, o hiki mai involuntary defecation a me ka urination. Inā 'oe e ole i ka luahi mua kokua, i ka cardiac hana mahana a me ka make ensues.

I ka pau ana o

Ano, ia oe i mea ka cyanide, a pehea ia e loli ai i ka kanaka kino. Auwe, keia ua ole mau i hoʻohana 'ia i ka waiwai a pau no ka maluhia hana. Hydrogen cyanide i ka Apana World War, ua he lâlâ 'o kēia make kinoea me "Zyklon B". Mau mea kaua i ua hoʻohana nui e Kelemānia koa. Aia mea no hoi ka manao i ka hoʻohana 'ia o ka make kinoea i loko o ka makahiki 1980, i ke kaua ma waena o Iran a me Iraq.