Heterotrophic - ia mea no ke kino?

ʻai - he ano o ke kaʻina hana ana a ke kino loaʻa ke koi 'ia ka ikehu a me ka māhuaola no ke kelepona hele pūnao, hoʻoponopono a me ka ulu.

Heterotrophs: kekahi mau ano

Heterotrophic - mau meaola i hoʻohana ke aloha ka ai kumu. Ka mea hiki ole hana ke aloha i huiʻia mai'okanikaʻole, e like me ka mea i hanaʻia i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka photo- ole chemosynthesis autotrophs ('ōmaʻomaʻo mea kanu a me kekahi mau prokaryotes). Ia mea ke kumu o ka ola o ka mea i hoakakaia meaola hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka ha awina o autotrophs.

It E e kaulana i heterotrophs - i ke kanaka, holoholona, fungi, a me na mea kanu a me nā anakahi iki-meaola mea e hiki ke photo- paha chemosynthesis. Ua pono e olelo mai la ia he mea kekahi kekahiʻano o ka koʻohune i hoʻohana malamalama ikehu e lilo kona mau ke aloha 'ona. Ua fotogeterotrofy.

Heterotrophs kuai i ai ma naʻano likeʻole. Akā, ka mea, e hoemi ia i ekolu papa keʻano o ka hanaʻana (digestion, omo a me ka kaʻaluna), ma i luna 'hakakino eiiieaenu i pipili i simpler a ke kemu ma na nā'aʻaʻa me mahope hoʻohana ana i na mea e pono ai o ka meaola.

Mea Maluna o heterotrophic

A pau o ia e māheleʻia i loko o 2 pūʻulu - nā mea kūʻai mai a me decomposers. Ka hope i ka loulou hope i loko o ka meaʻai kaula, e like me ka hiki ke hoʻololi 'ana i ke aloha i huiʻia i loko o ka mea pōhaku waiwai. Konsumentami lākou nei ka poʻe meaola i mea makaukau e hoʻohana ke aloha i huiʻia i mea i hanaʻia i ke ola ana o autotrophs me ko lakou mau hope loa huli ana i ka mea pōhaku residues.

Eia hou, nā heterotrophs - ia saprophytes paha parasites. Saprophytes hanai ke aloha i huiʻia o ka make meaola. Kēia ka hapanui o na holoholona, hūʻole, a me ka punahelu Fish shlyapkovye, e like me ka koʻohune mea i fermentation a me ka putrefaction.

Parasites hānai i ke aloha i huiʻia o ola meaola. Kēia nā kekahi protozoa, parasitic ilo, makika a me ticks. Kēia pūʻulu pū nā nā mea hoʻomaʻi, koʻohune, parasitic mea kanu, heterotrophs (e like, mistletoe) a me Fish-parasites.

Mana heterotrophic meaola

Ma ke ano o ka mana heterotrophs, ua loa like. No laila, he mea no hoi herbivorous paha carnivorous? Ueony, parasites a me Moana meaola i pau ai i ka ai me make kanu olona, a me ka holoholona kupapau, e like me 'ano apau loa i mea i hoʻohana no kona mana mea hoʻoheheʻe ke aloha mea.

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i na ano o heterotrophic kino, ka mea e'ōleloʻia holozoic palapala. Oia kaʻai mea nui ano o ka holoholona a me ka loaʻa o ke kēia mauʻanuʻu.

• Hoʻopio aku i ka ai a me ka moni 'ia.
• Digestion. Ua komo ai cleavage o ke aloha i loko o nā lātoma liʻiliʻi (particles) e hoike mai nui oluolu i loko o ka wai. Ua Uaʻike i mua ae mechanical e wili ai (e laʻa me, niho), ukali ma ka waiū i kekahi digestive nā'ūhū (Nine Inch digestion).
• Omo. Ka mahuaola a koke hāʻule i loko o ka'aʻaʻa paha i loko o ke koko mua, a laila, me ka pono i loko o kona nā loko likeʻole.
• Kaʻaluna (kaʻaluna). He ka hoʻohana o māhuaola.
• Excretion - wehe i ke kūkaʻi hope loa a me ka undigested ai nā huahana.

Meaola-saprotrophs

I ua kaulana, ka meaola iʻai ma luna o make ke aloha residues i kapaia saprophytes. No ka digestion ka mea, hoʻokuʻu akula kūpono nā'ūhū, a laila ka mēkene i ka waiwai a pau i hanaʻia e like me ka hopena o ia extracellular digestion. Fish - heterotrophs, a mea paha i kekahi saprophyticʻano o kaʻai - ia mea, no ka laʻana, hū paha fungi Mucor, Rhizppus. Ka mea i loaʻa i loko o ka moʻomeheu meakino , a hūnā malū nā'ūhū a lahilahi, a manamana ai mycelium hoʻolako lula 'ili omo. Penei, monakō koko o ka naehana kaʻina, a no ka hōʻoia 'fungi ikehu i ua hoʻohana' ia no ka metabolic reactions. Au e olelo aku i ka nui koʻohune i kekahi saprophytes.

It E e kaulana i na mea he nui i huiʻia a i hanaʻia ma saprophytes mana,ʻaʻole kemu ia. Mau waiwai e komo i ka 'āina, a laila, hiki ke hoʻohana' ia e kanu. Ia mea ke kumu nui i kūlana i loko o ka pōʻaiapuni o ka mea ka saprophytic ha awina Radio.

I ka manaʻo o ka symbiosis

Ka manawa "symbiosis" Ua wahahee e kānakaʻepekema De Bari, ka mea kaulana i loaʻa o ka hui a me ka pili pilina ma waena o meaola o kekahi? Ueo.

No laila, eia heterotrophic koʻohune e noho ana ma ka digestive'āpana o herbivorous holoholona zhuynyh. e hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu kelulose, e ai ana ia mea. Mau microorganisms e ola mahope aku o ka anaerobic digestion a me ka hoʻopili aku kelulose i simpler hui i puali holoholona ke kū kaʻawale hōʻuluʻulu a assimilate. Kekahi kumu o keia hiki ke kapaia symbiotic mea kanu a me na aa ona nodules koʻohune o ka genus Rhizobium.

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i ka coexistence o kekahi meaola, ia mea pono e hōʻike i ka kŰia o ka parasitism. Inā ka mea, o kekahi o kēia mau (parasite) pomaikai, mai keia coexistence, ka mea'ē aʻe i ka mea ia manawa - wale ino (i ka mea nana ka waiwai). No laila, i loko o keia hihia, ke parasite produces ma ka hou ana i ka poe ola,ʻaʻole wale nō ka mahuaola akā, i loaʻa iā ia i ka puʻuhonua.

Parasites i noho ma luna o ka pā ili o ka poʻe kaua i kapaia ectoparasites (ʻuku lele, lepeta a leeches). Lakou mea ole wale he parasitic Aloha Hawaii. O na mea obligate. Ka mea, i wehewehe aku ma ke ola ana o ka parasitic (a, no ka laʻana, porcine tapeworm, Plasmodium ole akepaʻa fluke).

E helu i, ka mea hiki ke ua kūkākūkāʻia ia heterotrophs - ka loa ka laula pae ana o kanaka e noho ana, a me ka launa pū ole wale i kekahi i kekahi, akā, i hiki ke aloha ia 'ē meaola.