Hoailona ia - Ua allegorical ma ka Helene,

"Ua pono, oe, a Plyushkin!" - mākou e olelo miser, ka mea i kaʻohiʻana me ka dukima AND mea pono no ka pono o ka hoarding. A i 'ole, "O Ka noho," - e pili ana i ke kanaka naʻaupō kēia a me ka paakiki. A ike ke ike i ke kiʻi o ka manu nunu hoʻolahalahai ma, ua ike ia mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka maemae a me ka sublimity o ka uhane, o Iuda - e pili ana i betrayal, he wahine a me ka pani ae a me ka unahi, i loko o kona lima - ma ke kaulike a me ka fairness. A mākou eʻaʻole i manaʻo e pili ana i ka mea i ka olelo a me ka manao hoopii ia ia i ka manaʻo i hoailona ia. 'O kēia ka wā i kekahi mea Hōʻuluʻulu a me ka Hōʻuluʻulu ua pū i hiki i loko o ka palapala o ka kekahi kiʻi, noʻeau a me ka palapala, ai. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ua aoia mai mākou, mai ka Baibala i ka Iuda i kumakaia o Kristo, a no ka wa pau lilo i ala o ka hoopunipuni a me ka betrayal, ike aoia mai ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua kaʻao i ka ilio hihiu - ia mea he liana, he 'Olu - hōhē wale, a no laila, ma luna o.

Ma Greek allegoria (hoailona) - keia mea, he hoailona ia. Mākou e kākau, "hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau", a ua hiki ke ho i ka bola i ka nahesa, ma keia a ma kekahi hihia, kela kanaka keia kanaka, e ike i ka hope o keia puka, akā, i ka mua olelo hooholo rectilinear, a me ka lua - hoailona ia.

No ka mea manawa mua i kēia manaʻoʻia nō hoʻi ia i loko o ka hoonoho o Cicero a me ka feria-Longinus, ma ka no o ka loio. Ma ka Middle Ages ka mea i manaoio aku i ka hoailona ia - ka mea, 'o kekahi o na loina, a e pono e malama ai i kekahi hana noʻeau a me ka palapala, ai ka hana. No hoi, ka mea i manao ia e ka literal, pono a me ka hoonaauao nā loina.

Hoailona ia i loko o ka moʻokalaleo i hoʻohana loa i lohe nui, a me ka nui ma hope manawa. No ka laʻana, o Roma Gogolya "Kaumakaiwa ula" piha o allegorical huapalapala: Plyushkin mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku Sobakevich, ihu - kela mea keia mea o ia mea he Kuhina Nui specimen o kekahi kina a me kanaka, no ka laʻana, he paakiki-hitting pūʻulu kāna moʻolelo: avarice, sloth, hewa, a no laila, ma luna o ..

Aia i holoʻokoʻa Huli i, i meaʻano nui kukuluia ma o ka hoailona ia hoʻohana kiʻi: ma na olelo lapuwale, poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo, he olelo nane. Wake mai i ka po, i na lima o ka papa haumāna, a noi: "He aha ma na olelo lapuwale?" Ka ana o ka moa, a me ka Fox "," - "Ma ka malimali a me ka lapuwale" - otraportuet haumāna, a hou kanu i loko o kekahi papa. Akā, ma ke kakahiaka nui, akahele holoi i kona mau maka,ʻo ia, e hai aku ia oe e pili ana i ka Saltykov-Shchedrin, a me kona mau "akamai iʻa", a me rookeries Gorky i hawawa, penguins koa manu lele, petrels, eleele uila e like. Inā kahi kokoke, e hōʻike i ke keiki, ia mea no hoi e hiki ke hookauwa aku no i ka quiz: - "Ka Hila, clumsiness, naau kupono!" - "A iliohae?" - "huhu, bloodthirstiness, silliness!" - "Fox?" "Bear?" - "ka liana, ka wahahee, kipi!" - "Ua pono! E mālama i ke kanakē! "

No laila, ua hiki na keiki uuku ike pono, i mea, he hoailona ia. Ua ua hapai mai ka buke loa mua, puppet E hoike mai, kahiko Cartoons.

Kekahi ano o ka no oe i, ma ka hou ana i ka moʻokalaleo, ka hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o ka hana o keia ina hana like, he hoailona ia? Pena, o ka papa, kiʻi kaula, kiʻi, nā Huli i o ka uku kilokilo, nā panina a me kaʻiʻo nō o kēia.

A hoʻohālike maikaʻi maoliʻaneʻi ke malama me ke kiʻi kaula "ke keleawe hoʻoholo lio" i loko o St. Petersburg. Ma ka lapa o ka nalu punohu Tsar Peter ka wela lio ka māiʻuʻu e hele mai ana i ka nahesa. Ola - o ka hehee ai i ua ia e lanakila ma ka mea e kūkulu i kekahi kulanakauhale (ka weuweu kahakai o ka Neva River), nahesa - nā pilikia a me ka pilikia, ke hoohalua ma nāʻanuʻu o ka reformer, ka lio - Rusia, ka luuluu loa HOU a me nā manaʻo o kona alii.

Ke allegorical pena e pono lawelawe Artists nui he nui: Raphael, Botticelli, Titian, Rubens, a he nui na mea e ae.