I ka moolelo o ke kulanakauhale. Lviv: ka mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na, a me ka inoa o ke kulanakauhale

Kekahi o ka loa a me ka nani waiwai i loko o kuhikuhipuʻuone kia hoʻomanaʻo i o ka wahi o Ukraine o Lviv. Ua piha o ka puu o ka hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo i ka moolelo o ke kulanakauhale, mai kona loa inception a hiki i ka keia lā. E ho'āʻo mākou e kahińuli i ka loa pepeiaohao nui o ia. Mōʻaukala o Lviv i loko o nā mea a pau kona grandeur e wehewehe ana i mua o mākou.

prehistory

Makamua Slavic Luna Hooponopono ma ka ?? eoi? O ke kulanakauhale kēia i kona kêia kanaka hou a hiki i ka V kenekulia BC. Kekahi mau moʻolelo manaʻo i ka mea, o ka mooolelo o Lviv kaʻina kānāwai, mai ia manawa. Ua mai ka VII kenekulia, ma ka hooponopono ana o 'Imi functioning wahi artisans, a haawi aku la ia ia i ke kuleana e e kapaia ke kulanakauhale. Akā, mea i laila, i kapaʻia ka hooponopono, e waiho ana no he mea pohihihi i ka moʻolelo. Noho ana i loko o ia mau lā, i nāʻohana o White Croats.

I 981, ka wahi a puni o ka wā e hiki mai ana o Lviv, i loko o ke kaua me kekahi keiki Polish aupuni, i hoohui ia Prince Vladimir o Kiev Rus. Mai keia wahi ma, ua komo pū kēia wahi i loko o ka waiwai a me ka pili aupuni ola aayoaeuiinoe o ka Old Lūkini moku'āina.

Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka o ka feudal fragmentation o ka hookahi kahiko Lūkini mana o ka honua, ma i kēia manawa ku ka Liona, ka mea i initially hui pū i loko o ka Kalikia na'lii, a mai ka 1199 - i loko o ka Galicia-Volyn na'lii a Monomakh. Ka mea nāna i hana i kēia moku'āina ua manaoia e e puke Mstislavovich, ka makua kāne o ka wā e hiki mai mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā a Lviv, Daniel Romanovich Galitsky.

I ka uluʻana o ka Kalikia na'lii a

Ka mea, ua i ka wā o ka noho alii ana o Daniela pili ana i ke kūlana politika a me ka yeiiiie? Flowering o ka Kalikia aupuni. A me keia mamua o ka mea i nā mea a pau i kona ola a pau ia e lawe mai i loko o ke kaua e kū'ē i ka kūloko ano hanohano, a me ka mawaho aggressors - Poland a me Hungary.

Akā, me ka heaviest puupuu mai komohana moku'āina, kena ae la ka Mongol-Tatar kaua. Ma ka papa o ka puʻu, he nui loa na kulanakauhale o Galicia i, ua anaiia mai. Haʻalele nā aliʻi o Daniela a hiki i ka lā hope o kona ola loa haʻalele i ka haoleʻauamo. He ua mau huli no ka aoao e i ia'ku i ka poʻe komohewa, oia ho'āʻo e lilo oia i kuikahi e ku ei ka Mongols, oia hoi o Western luna. No keia, ka mea, ua hiki makaukau e hele aku i ka hoao ana me ka Ekalesia Hui, aka, ma ka hana pono ole kumakaia Orthodoxy. I iaia o kana hana a hiki i ka manaoio ma ka paio me ka Mongols Daniil Galitsky Pope ia i haawiia mai i ka inoa o ke alii o Rusia.

Oia hana o ka luna, o ka papa, i ole makemake i ka iā Goga ali, nana au i hoouna i ka punitive huakaʻi ma hope o kekahi, e puʻe wale mai i kona pono. No ka mea, no kēia mau kaua ma Galicia na kulanakauhale a me na kauhale i lukuia.

Lviv kumu

Tatar kaua, he kekahi o na kumu no ka hoʻokumuʻo o ke kulanakauhale a me ka inoa maikai o Lviv. Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia ana o kona hoʻomaka kona countdown i ka 1256. Ua i laila, ua poino loa ka ahi ke kapikala o Galicia-Volyn na'lii a - Hill. Ma keia pili, Prince Daniel, ka mea i hoʻoholo i kūkulu i kekahi hou nui kūlanakauhale i loko o ka wahi inaccessible i ka Tartar kaua.

I ka Ia manawa, i kekahi mau moʻolelo lā i ka lā o Lvov kumu a hiki i ka mua manawa - i ka 1247 a me 1240. Alaila, i loko o kēia mau hypotheses o keia hanana ua hopena mākaʻikaʻi ai i ka mare ana o kana keiki Daniila Lva, a me ka lawe i ka Mongols o Kiev.

kulanakauhale Name

Aneane pau moʻolelo i ka ia manao, no ke aha la i ke kulanakauhale, haawi mai ia i ka inoa o Lvov. ua hoala History o ka inoa a hiki i ke keiki a me ka hooilina Daniila Galitskogo - Lev Danilovich. Ua ua i loko o ka hanohano o kona makua nui i kapaia o ke kulanakauhale, i i destined e lilo i ke kapikala o ka na'lii. E like me ka hiki i kekahi mana, i haawiia mai i ka inoa i ka lā o ka ahaaina mare a me ka kaikamahine o ka Lion King o Hungary.

Russian kapikala o ke aupuni

Mōʻaukala o Lviv i kekahi hou huli me 1269, ka wā Leo lilo i ke alii o Galicia-Volyn King a me Russian. Ua i ka mea nana hoʻoneʻe i ke kapikala a hiki i ke kulanakauhale o Galichʻo Rose i hai ka make, a puhi iho la i ka puu. Mai ia manawa ma luna o Lions lilo ole wale i ke kumu nui kulanakauhale o ka Galicia-Volyn na'lii, akā, ma ka mea o ka konu o Lūkini aupuni.

I kulike ai me kona hou kūlana haʻahaʻa, hoomaka ae la i ke kulanakauhale o ka papakaukau no? Ieoaeunoaa. I ka 1270 ka mea i kūkuluʻia ai ka ai-kapaia High Castle - ka Susana, o ko ke kulanakauhale. ʻOiai ka mō'ī noho i loko o ka Lower Castle. Ka a pau nohona ola ana o ke kulanakauhale i wahi ma luna o ka makeke, i ka mea i kona naau a pau. I ke poʻo akoakoa mai ana nui a oi kanaka, mai ka puni a me ka loihi mai noho. Pela i ulu Lviv. Ua lilo ka moolelo o ke kulanakauhale i inseparable hapa o ka honua mōʻaukala.

Ma hope o ka makeʻana o ke kūlanakauhale Leo au i i nalowale kona kapikala you. He noho i ke kumu nui kūlanakauhale o ka moku'āina, a ma lalo o nā kēia mau aliʻi, i nā hānau maila i ka inoa Alii o Rusia. Ua hana mau mai a hiki i 1340 a me ka make ana o George II Boleslaw rula ana lāhui ua ole ua hoʻohoka.

Lions loko o ka mokuaina

Once ma Galicia wawahi nohoaliʻiʻana, i kona mau pono a hiki i ka na'lii, a me ka hana Lviv, hai aku la i ke Polish ke alii Casimir III. I ka 1340, i kona pūʻali kaua hoopio i ke kulanakauhale, a hoʻokūpaʻa i laila i ka mana aliʻi. Naʻe, i ke alii i haawi aku i ke kūlanakauhale o ke aupuni, a me ka Magdeburg kānāwai, akā, ma ka mea ia manawa, hoomaka ae la ka Liona i ka hikiwawe loa Polonized. Soon ka hapanui o na townspeople, he mau auamo. A nui loa o ka heluna kanaka he i Iudaio. Mōʻaukala o Lviv, mai kēia manawa a 1939 ua inextricably ua hoʻopili me Poland.

I ka 1412 a hiki i ke kulanakauhale o Galich archiepiscopal noho i naueue.

I ka 1569 Poland a me Lithuania hoʻokumu i ka hui ana moku'āina - Rzeczpospolita. E like me ka hapa o kona mau Lions koe a hiki i 1772, ka wā like me ka hopena o ka paku mua o ka Polish-Lituania moku'āina,ʻo ia, e like me ka koena o Galicia, i hoohui i loko o ka 'Aukekulia aupuni a pau o ka Habsburgs.

Aupuni o Galicia a me Lodomeria

E like me kekahi hapa o ka Habsburg aupuni mō'ī, Lviv lilo i ke kapikala o ka aina, i ua kapaia ke aupuni o Galicia a me Lodomeria. I loko nō o ka mea i ke kulanakauhale i kekahi hapa o kekahi moku'āina, a ua hoonoho kiaaina o Vienna, i loko o ka māhele 'āina mau e pāʻani i kekahi kūlana alakaʻi o hoomau iho la oia i ka Polish hanohano.

Naʻe, i kēia wā hiki ke kapaia moʻomeheu hou kulanakauhale. University Ua hoihoi hou ia, e wehe ae keaka, imperial mana e kākoʻo i ke kaua ana i ka haipule obscurantism. I ka Ia manawa, ua hoomaka ae la e hoola nohona Ruthenian kaiāulu, e like me ka Habsburgs ho'āʻo e loaʻa iā lākou kākoʻo i loko o ka confrontation me ka Polish hanohano.

Hoao i ka Ukrainian statehood e hoihoi

Ma hope o ka hopena o ke pio i loko o ka First World Kaua i ka 1918 ua ka'opi o ka Austro-Hunakalia aupuni a pau, i ka Ukrainian intelligentsia o Lviv hoao, e hoihoi mai i ko lakou mau moku'āina i i. Ua hoikeia ma ka olelo hoolaha o ke Kuahaua o ka moku'āina kuokoa o Western Ukrainian People ka Repubalika (ZUNR) October 19, 1918.

Akā, i ka pilikia ua i ka hapanui o ka heluna kanaka o Lviv i ka manawa e noho ana i ka auamo, ka poe i ike ia ia iho wale me kekahi hapa o ka mea hou Polish moku'āina. No ia mea, ZUNR hopena i hōʻailonaʻia. I Nowemapa, i ke poʻo o ka poʻe hao wale Polish Pilsudski ia i piha mana o Lvov, a koke ZUNR koa i hope make.

Ma lalo o Polish rula

Penei, ka mōʻaukala o Lviv mua 1939 i pili i ka Polish aupuni. Ukrainians kuleana i ua loa hehi i kēia wā. Penei, hoomaka ae la kekahi o ka loa lono kaumahaʻaoʻao ma ka mōʻaukala o ka māhele 'āina. Ka mea, iloko oia kau huli paio koko ma waena o Ukrainian nationalists a me ka Polish Aupuni, i ke kumu nui luahi o ka i poe civilians iwaena o na elele o nā ka kekahi, a me ka kekahi aupuni 'ē aku.

I ka 1939, Poland i maoli puunaueia ma waena o Kelemania, a me ka Soviet Union. Lvov a Galicia kokoke e pau i hoohui i ka Soviet Union.

Lions i loko o ka USSR

'Aʻole i lōʻihi teshilsya honua Lviv. Ka mōʻaukala hoʻonoho maila iā ia i ka moʻo o ka lono kaumaha hanana. The Great Patriotic War. Nazi hao wale noho ana i ke kulanakauhale June 29, 1941. Iloko o ka Nazi hana i kaha ia e kekahi o ka nui luku mai ia o ka poe Iudaio. Soviet hao wale hookuuia ke kulanakauhale ua wale i loko o ka makahiki 1944.

Ma hope iho ua hoomaka ae la i kokololio hoihoi hou ia ana o ke kauhale. E like me kekahi hapa o ka Ukrainian Lviv lilo ka nui hanalima a me ka nohona mawaena konu o ka aina. I keia manawa, ma ka Akä naÿe i mua manawa, ka uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o ka makaainana i lāhui Ukrainians hoomaka.

Lions ma hope o ka olelo hoolaha o ke kuokoa o Ukraine

He ua i lilo kona nui a me Lions ma hope o ka olelo hoolaha o August 24, 1991 Ukraine ka kuokoa. Eia naʻe, mai ka hanalima Loaʻaʻia o ke kūlanakauhale ua hoʻemi me ka nui loa, akā, nonetheless, ka mea, ua ka aneiai waena o ka māhele 'āina. Ka nohona manaʻo nui o Contemporary Lviv no ka mea aina hiki ole ke overestimated. He nui na manao ia i ka naʻau o Ukraine.

ka hopena

Me oe e ike ai, he nui lono kaumaha, a, ma ka mea ku ole, ka mea, i ka hauʻoliʻaoʻao mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale. Iki hoolilo i kona Kai a me nā 'ana e haʻalele e ole e holopono ana. E huli i ka waiwai a me ka pili aupuni? Acaeoey o ke kulanakauhale, Pono, e pana aku au i mahina a hiki makahiki. Ua pono, e ike i ka uhane o Mānoa, o Lviv, kona he pono e kipa i kanaka.