Ka Crimean War: War Ku I Ka (papa)

Ano, i ka wa a ma hope o ka pio ana o Rusia ma ka Crimea ua Ua oi ma mua o ka hapalua o ke kenekulia,ʻaʻohe i kekahi, e olelo ia he ma kaua "me ka hewa iho nō i ka waiu." Ua Ua olelo mai ka nui haku mele Tiutchev. He - ka ia makahiki me nā mea a pau me ka weliweli hopena i lawe mai i ka aina Crimean War. Ku I o ke Kaua o ka poe pono i ka heluia. Akā, i ke aliʻi ka 'iʻini ma ua me ka ike ole i ke kaua e pono ole i ka helu a me ka akamai.

East kaua

Ka oihana koa 'ana i wahi ole wale ma luna o ka Peninsula, a haawi mai la i ka inoa o ka ekolu-makahiki kai eʻe, akā, i loko o ka Caucasus, ma ka White, Black, Barents Sea, Kamchatka, a ma ka Danubian ko na'lii,. Naʻe, i ka Crimea ua undergone oi ma mua o nā mea a pau, a no ia mea, lilo iho la ia i ka Crimean War. War meʻe selflessly haawi i ko lakou mau ola no ka pono o ka hooikaika ana i ka mana hoʻomalu ma luna o ka Black Sea straits a me ka Balkan Peninsula. He olelo lealea i ka mea, a pau i hoomaopopo i ka nui ia mea no ka aina akā, no kona Lūkini kanaka i mau hana iho la lakou i na mea a pau.

Ua e kaua ole wale aku i ka Kauai e like me ka Ottoman aupuni a pau i hoʻonāwaliwali nui, ma keia hihia, hele mai la oluolu i ka lanakila. No, e ku e ia Rusiaʻalo like loa ma mua, a ma hope i ka holoʻokoʻa 'Eulopaʻahahui - Beritania, Palani, Sardinia, a me kā lākou ilk. A, e like me ka manawa, ua hooukaia mai la lakou, mai nāʻaoʻao ma luna o nā kihi o ka nui Lūkini - i ka mea huli i ka Crimean War. War meʻe ua wahi a pau - mai ka White kai a hiki i Petropavlovsk. Akā, ole i ka lanakila.

kumu

Kauai pono ka Balkans, kahi a pau flared ikaika na liberation ka hele, a me ka mea makemake e hui pu i ke Crimea, a me ke aupuni a pau o ke kahakai. ʻEulopa makemake makemake e papa Rusia ka prestige i loko o ke ao nei kaiāulu, e hoʻonāwaliwali i mea, mai haawi aku i ka foothold i loko o ka Middle Hikina, e like me ka manawa kūpono e koho ia i Poland, Crimea, Finland, a me ka Caucasus. A pau i kēia no ka pono o ko lākou mau wahi kanaka. Ka mea, he nui loa i loko o ka lima o ka Crimean Kaua. War meʻe pepehi no ka pono o nā poʻe o ka 'iʻini a me enrichment o' ē aʻe.

Emperor Rotehama I loko o ke kakahiaka nui 50-ies o ka umikumamaiwa kenekulia i noʻonoʻoʻanuʻu, e hookaawale i ka Orthodox Balkans mai Ottoman rula a me ka noonoo wale loa ia e hele aku i ia i ka pahuhopu nui Austria, a me ka UK. Ka mea, ua ma ka liʻiliʻi loa pōkole-mau maka aku. UK ma ka moeʻuhane i ike ai displaces Rusia ole wale, mai na kapakai o ka Black Sea, akā, no hoi, mai ka Caucasus. Napoleon III like nui makemake mākaia no ka kaua nalowale o ka 1812, a pau keia mea maopopo. Lūkini meʻe o ka Crimean Kaua i nā mea a pau i loko o lākou ka mana, e ake e loaa o, akā,ʻaʻole i nā kaua, ua like, a me nā kumu - he hoʻokahi wale nō oaoieei-maoli - Ua Hāʻule maila lākou.

Ka mua ke kahua

Ma October Rotehama hele aku au i ke kaua ana me Tureke ma ke 'eʻe i ka kūpono hoikeia mai, a me ka eono mahina mua i maoli mālama wale nō i nā Kauai ka Crimean Kaua i ka MH 1853. Ua hoao nā meʻe o kēia mau koa ana, mai ka lā mua. Naʻe, ke alii miscalculated, e hilinai ana i ka politika-'ākeʻakeʻa a me ka hiki kōkua mai i ka ikaika o Beritania a me ka'Aukekulia puali. Lūkini poʻe hao wale, ua nui loa aku o lakou - oi ma mua o ka miliona kanaka. Akā, iai? Oaiaaiea ka mea, haʻalele ka nui o ia e makemake. Ku e pūlaipela o ka poʻeʻEulopa maopopo losing mākou i laumania.

Mea kaua ua loa obsolete. ko kakou mau moku cruised ka hapanui nō ma lalo o ka pea, a ua hoʻokō 'Eulopa mahu kiko'ī. Palapala, e like me ka, oiaio, a ua mau mamua aku, e like me, nō, hoʻomau 'ia pinepine ae la oia e huli, i ole, ua hoʻokumu' ia, ka ai a me ka ammunition fronts loaa ke aumoe, a me ka nele o ka replenishment i ole hiki i ka manawa. Me ka o Tureke, ka Lūkini kaua, a ma keia kulana home 'ole makemake e lawelaweʻia, akā, ma luna o Europe ka hui koa i koa lehulehu o ka Crimean War, hiki i pili i ka hoʻokūkū.

kaua ana o Sinop

Initially, pomaikai nui ua ee iaaanu aey. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona'āina - kaua o Sinop, ma November 1853, ka wā o nā Lūkini'akimalala P. S. Nahimov meʻe o ka Crimean Kaua loa pepe ma Sinop Bay Turkish'auwaʻa i loko o kekahi mau hola. Eia hou kekahi, a pau Hawaiian iuo aaoa? I uhi pū. Turkishʻoihana moku kumu ua lilo oi ma mua o ke kakini moku, a ua pepehi aku o ekolu tausani kanaka wale, a pau Hawaiian pakaua i ka lukuia. I ka luna o ka Turkish'auwaʻa pio. ua hiki ke hoopahee auanei mai o ke kai kūʻono wale kekahi kiʻekiʻe-ka māmā holo moku me ka Pelekāne kuhikuhipuʻuone a hiki i ka papa.

Nakhimov poho he nui i emi:ʻaʻohe moku ia i waikahe, kekahi o lakou, ua hanaʻino, a koe no ka hoomaemae. He kanakolu-ehiku kanaka i make. O lakou ka mua meʻe o ka Crimean Kaua (1853-1856). Ka papa Ua hamama. Naʻe, ka mea, o keia brilliantly? Oaony a ole emi brilliantly lawelawe 'ia ma ke kai kaua i loko o ka Sinop Bay literally kākauʻia i loko o ke gula ma luna o nāʻaoʻao o ka moolelo o ka Lūkini'auwaʻa. A mahope koke iho o uaʻoi loa Palani a meʻEnelani,ʻaʻole ka mea, hiki ae Rusia, e lanakila. Ua hai War, a me ka wa i kekahi ka squadronʻikeʻia ma luna o ka Baltic kai ma Kronstadt a me Sveaborg, i ua hooukaia mai. Ma ka White Sea, English moku bombarded ka Solovetsky hoailona. Ke kaua, i lilo ai ma ka Kamchatka Peninsula.

lua o ka wāwae

Ma ka lua o ka pae ana o ke kaua - mai April 1854 a hiki i Feberuari 1856 - i ka hoʻomaka o ka piʻiʻana o ka Pelekania a me Farani i ka Crimea, a me ka hoouka ma luna o ka pā kaua Lūkini i loko o na kai eha. Ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau, i ka poʻe komohewa hoao e hoʻopio i ka Peninsula o Crimea, no ka mea, Sevastopol ua mua seriously Rusia kaʻoihana moku kumu. Ka mea, hoomaka ae la ko lakou huakaʻi i ka Allies ma Yalta, kahi āna i lanakila koke ka Alma River. Luna koa A. S. Menshikovʻewaʻewa Lūkini kaua i Bakhchisarai. Coast kiai he na meʻe o Sevastopol. Ke Crimean War Ua waiho ia i kekahi e loaa ai, akā, hoomakaukau iho la lakou i ka pua ana nui ala. Pale alakaʻiʻia P. S. Nahimov, VI Istomin a me V. Kornilov.

E like me ka kaua Adimarala e noho ana ma luna o ke kahakai? More ma mua he iwakālua tausani o kona mau luina hui o ka honua koa, e palemo ai i ko lakou mau moku ma ka puka a hiki i Sevastopol mākuʻe, pela e hooikaika ana i ke kūlanakauhale paʻa i ka pā, mai ke kai. Ma keia anu u na koa o ka Crimean Kaua (1853-1856) hele aku la no ka mea nawaliwali Lūkini'auwaʻa nō i Ua hiki ia lakou ke ku imua o ka poʻe komohewa. Akā, me nā pū, mai na moku - elua tausani oi ma mua o pū - i mālama ai e like me ka hou hoʻoikaika 'ana o nā bastions o ka pā kaua. ewalu ka mea, lilo, i waena o nā pakaua. Ke sīwila heluna Ua 'Imi' ole i loko o kā lākou hana, ka wā o ka pā i luna a pau: o ka papa. lako, mau ipu, a me na pohaku he'āina mea, i kekahi mea e hiki ma ka liʻiliʻi loa hapa 'ia e hookaulua i ka pōkā. People e hele nei, ua nui ua mea i ole lawa kaʻohiʻana i a me nā mea kope ahi - a pau o lākou, i kēia mau poʻe maʻamau, he, na meʻe o ka Crimean Kaua o 1853-1856.

ke pale ana

Pā kaua paʻa i ka pua ana i 349 mau lā. He kanakolu tausani koa a me ka mokukaua luina ku a me ka hoʻolaʻa lewa elima bombing kai eʻe i luku ai i ka mokuʻaoʻao holoʻokoʻa o ke kulanakauhale. Ki ma ka aina a ma ka moana, ma ka huina o na oi ma mua o hoʻokahi tausani, me nā haneri keuʻelima a me ke kanalima tausani pū kī leho. Akā, mai makaʻu o Sevastopol, i ole i nalowale i ka Crimean War, a me ka hoʻowahāwahā i ka disparate helu o ka pu barela, Lūkini pana loa pololei. Elua haneri a me kanaono-ewalu pu i kākoʻo 'ia mai mākouʻaoʻao kēia kaulikeʻole Reuʻela,ʻo ia. Ka enemi'auwaʻa ua nui ka pōʻino - haʻalele ewalu mau moku no ka hoʻoponopono - a hoʻi akula.

More mai ke kai Sevastopol i ole bombed, he skillfully kokua Lūkini poʻe hao wale, he wahi koko a koke i ole ia i ke kulanakauhale, a hiki no nae ia mea ma luna o kēia, a kukulu iho la i ka pau i ka ho omaulia. Ka lanakila ua nui, a hiki no nae ia i huli mai oi pono ma mua o koa: kaʻahahui koa i ole, ua luku aku, me kaʻoihana hoʻomau. 'Aʻole me irreparable poho. I loko o ka pua o ka make ana o na mea he nui koa o ka Crimean Kaua (1853-1856). Ka papa inoa i alai ai ia e ka make i loko o nā lā mua o kona make ana heroically ma lalo o ke ahi, mai Hope-Adimarala Kornilov. A Nakhimov, ka mea i alakai i ka hoomalu ana o Sevastopol ua manawa, i hoʻolaha i ka'akimalala. Ua ua i loko o March 1855. A i loko o July, a ua eha iho la oia mortally - kokoke ma ka ia wahi, kahi a lakou i pepehi Kornilov.

inā 'aʻole'

Ke Lūkini pūʻali koa ma lalo o ke kauoha o Prince Menshikov ho'āʻo e kōkua Sevastopol, huki i ka besiegers, akā, ma ka lapuwale. Ke Kaua o Yevpatoria, Inkerman a me Black Rechka i pau ai unsuccessfully a me na defenders o ke kulanakauhale-meʻe kokua loa uuku. Ke komo lima o kaʻenemi ka huamoa o na mea a pau tighter. Ke kai eʻe ma ka Crimea no ka Russian i maopopo nalowale. Ma ka Caucasus, i keia kanaka he uuku maikaʻi, he mea i maikai, i kuiia pinepine ka Turkish poʻe hao wale, a hiki e hoʻokele e hoʻopio i ka pā kaua o Kars.

Naʻe, na koa o ke Kaua Crimean, a me kā lākou mau hoʻomanaʻo hiki ole compensate no lākou ikaika a pau i ka hewa o nā mea kaua a me ka lako o ka Lūkini kaua. I ka hopena o Augate, i ka Farani ku i ka hema loa o Sevastopol a me Malakoff. I ka hopena o ke kulanakauhale, a me kēia mau poho i hooholoia oi ma mua o ka hapaha o ka pau o ka poe koa, i nalowale he umikumamakolu tausani kanaka i loko o ke kaua o ka lā. Ka akau loa o ke kulanakauhale, a i ole e haawi mai, hoihoi o ka pale i ole kali.

I ka pau ana o ke kaua

kānaka hoʻokahi haneri a me he umikumamalima tausani o ke kaua Lūkini i loko o ka Crimea ua paa nae ka makaukau i ka hana, a hiki ina kaʻenemi mua ia, a - pae i ka poʻe komohewa ma ka Peninsula hoʻokahi haneri a me kanalima tausani. Pela, ke culmination o ke kaua i ka pale o Sevastopol. Ma hope o ia, ai ka oihana koa 'ana i hele aku. Russian e hoʻokele i loaa i loko o ka Caucasus, akā, ka mea mau i ka nui hope i loko o ka Crimea. Army Ua kokoke loa depleted, a, characteristically, - na mea a pau. Oʻano pākīkē. Ke kūkā 'hoomaka.

Paris

Ka maluhia Kuikahi Ua kakauinoa ia ma Palika ma March 1856. Rusia i nalowale ole no ka nui loa i loko o nā panalāʻau e noho, akā, ma ka pono hoʻohaʻahaʻa. Ua kū'ē Hawaiian Apana o Bessarabia, ka pono o ka patronage o Serbia, a me ka Danube ma ka Orthodox aupuni a hao. Akā, me ka oi loa - i ka neutralization o ka Black Sea: ko makou aupuni nei manawa hiki ole e malaila kekahi moku, a me nā puʻu arsenals. Russian palena pale ole. Ma ka Middle Hikina, hoi, i nalowale a pau ka hopena: Moldova, Serbia, a Wallachia hoi aku la i ke Suletana o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau.

Haule meʻe o ka War Crimean, i ka papa inoa o i ua huki i hope o kona paʻa a me ka mea inexpressibly nui (a kaʻina kānāwai i kekahi papa inoa o nā huapalapala mai ka inoa o ka Emperor Rotehama I, a me ka hilahila i ka i koe, akā, e ola ana!) - ia huli mai, make aku la me ka makehewa. Russian make i loko o na pono a pau o ka loli ana o ole wale i ka pahale kona kulana, akā, no hoi a hiki i ka pau koena o ka honua koa. Waiho iho la i hanau i ka nawaliwali ma ka hooponopono, iai? Oaiaaiea na puali ona, akā, he ua he ÷ o ka luli uhane a me ka inexhaustible Lūkini heroism o Lūkini koa. Ka lehulehu i loko o ke aupuni, hoomaka ae la e olelo hou a oi wiwo ole a me kaʻoiaʻiʻo, Nikolaev rula ua guises. Aupuni, e lawe hou mai i hope nā mea hoʻololi i loko o ka moku'āina.

Kornilov

Vladimir Alekseevich Kornilov, he hope-'akimalala, ua he hereditaryʻoihana moku luna. He komo i loko o ke kaulana kaua o Navarino (1827) ku e aku i ka'auwaʻaʻAigupita a me ka Turkish, kahi o ka poʻe hāʻawi ia iā ia ma ka moku lawe hae "Azov" hōʻike loaʻa kekahi koa a me ka mea mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Rusia loaa i kekahi moku St George ia? Aiina.

Close i Kornilov A laila, kaua nā 'ē aʻe meʻe o ka Crimean Kaua: opiopio Lutanela Nakhimov a me Istomin midshipman. I ka loa hoʻomaka o ke kaua, ma October 1853, Kornilov, oiai ma reconnaissance, loaa ma ke kai kūʻono o ka Turkish moku, kau aku la ia ia i ke kaua, luku aku, a lawe mai iā ia i loko o ke kaula oka, i Sevastopol. Ma hope o hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka moku - he rarity no Rusia o ka manawa - ia i Komikina'Āina, a hele aku la i ka Black Sea'auwaʻa ma lalo o ka inoa o "Kornilov."

hope, e kauoha aku

Ma mua o ka hoʻopuniʻana o Sevastopol, Hope Adimarala Koi e'ōlelo aʻo i ka moku lawe hae o a me nā luna o kaʻahahui, e haawi aku i kona hope ʻoihana moku kaua. Akā, ka hapanui o ka mea, ua i kākoʻo, o ka moku wale Poho ma ka puka a hiki i ke kai kūʻono o Sevastopol, no laila, i ua ole hiki ke hookokoke mai ke kai i ke kulanakauhale o ka enemi.

A laila, Vladimir hoʻonohonoho i nā kūkulu o ka pakaua, a bastions hoomakaukau ana i ka pua ana. Ma Malakhov Hill Ua mortally eha i loko o ka papakaukau mea kaua bombardment, e hele a puni ka hou pakaua. Kornilov i kauoha: "hoomalu aku i Sevastopol!" a ma hope o kekahi mau minuke, a make ihola. Oiai, e like me ka hoike ma ka War Crimean (1853), i ka huapalapala mai i make!

Nakhimov

Paulo Stepanovich Nahimov i ke keiki a kekahi koa nona ka elima keiki i lilo koʻikoʻi luina: ka kaikaina Hope Adimarala, ka luna hoʻokele o ka Hawaii Cadet mau pūʻali, kahi a pau elima? Anoee, lilo - Sergei. Naʻe, ka mea, ua Paul uhi kēia inoa unfading nani. Midshipman, hele aku la ia i ke kialua "Phoenix" ma Denmark a me Kuekene, a laila, i mālama ai i loko o ka Baltic kai. Lilo ia i luna o ka moku "Navarino", hoʻi i kapa hoʻohanohano iā ia iho i loko o ka blockade o ke Dardanelles (1828), a ua i waena o nā nā haka o nā kauoha.

I ka makahiki 1832, oia hehi i loko o ke kūlana o ka luna i loko o ka ol 'kaulana "Pallada", a hoomau iho la oia e lawelawe i loko o ka Baltic kai ma lalo o ka kaʻao Bellingshausen. Mau makahiki ma hope, ua hoolilo ia Sevastopol, me ke kanaka ole i ke alakaʻi laina moku "Silistra", kahi loaa ia Nakhimov e hiki mai ana, he umikumamakahi makahiki. Hekikai no i ka olelo, i ka moku ua lilo ia i kumu hoʻohālike? I ka maikai ma ka Moana! Name Nakhimov lilo kela lā nui a me ka poe hanohano: ka mea, ua koi ikaika, akā, ano a me kaʻoliʻoli kanaka i loko o nā mea a pau o ka puni hoala e ae la ka mea maikaʻi loa manaʻo.

Nā hoʻomanaʻoʻana i ka meʻe

Ke Crimean War Ua hōʻike i kanaka i ole hewa i loko o ke kālailaiʻana i ke kino ano o Paul Stepanovich. I ka hoomaka ana o ke kaua, ma November 1853, Nakhimov pōpilikiaʻenemi squadron, hoouna aku la i ka Caucasus, akā, e hūnā mai kaʻino i loko o Sinop Bay. Ma Nakhimovʻewalu āna moku, oiai Osman Pasha - umikumamaono. Ke kaua i pau ai Rousseau'auwaʻa - ua, ua olelo mai ma luna. No keia''he lanakila, Hope Adimarala Nakhimov loaa mai o ka Mō'ī Papa o Saint George, a me Kornilov i kākau i ka kaua ua launaʻole, he kiekie ae Cesme, Nakhimov a pela komo i ka Lūkini'auwaʻa mōʻaukala a mau loa aku.

Next Nakhimov ae maoli aku komo i loko o malalo i Kornilov ma ka hoʻopuniʻana o Sebastopol, a ma hope o kona make ana i ka wahi o ka luna koa. Mau hana ino mai ia i kipaku heroically, Nakhimov ke aliʻi haawi mai i ka uku no keia, i mea Paul Stepanovich wahine hoopiiia oia: "Ua makemake e maikaʻi lawe mai i leho ka pōkā pahū!". Ma June Nakhimov make ma keal hahau ana i ka ia wahi o Malakhov Hill, ma kona hoʻokomo. Akā, i ka aina a me kēia lā hoʻomanaʻo i kona meʻe!