Ke 'ole no ka ua'emi'ōnaehana - i ka haʻawina o ke kanaka'anatomia

Ka pono kumumanao o ka'emi'ōnaehana 'ole ua ho'ākāka' ia ma nā o kona eiiiiiaiou: Central a me kaʻike ākea. Ka lolo a me ka spinal kaula i ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana a me cranial, autonomic a me ka spinal nā aʻalolo i ke kumu o kaʻike ākea.

Man, e like a pau nā meaola ola, hiki ke pane i Nine Inch, a physical loli ma ke kaiapuni.

Aia i? Aneie aʻe (nano, kani, malamalama, a me ka honi), a me ke kōkua o kūikawā sensory aeee i hoohuliia mai i loko o nā aʻalolo impulses. Ka poe, ma ka huli, hooku iho la ia i ka moʻo o ka uila a Nine Inch loli 'ana i loko o ke aʻalolo puluniu. Ua kūpono ai ka lāʻau ikiʻai pū i hiki e afferent olona, ma o ka lolo a me ka spinalʻaha, kahi e hua mai la i ka mea e pono ai ke kauoha no ka EYI o efferent (Hawaii) olona, i na nāʻiʻo kuleana no ka hooko kuleana pili.

'Ole me ka hana o na ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana e pahuna ma ka hoʻohui' ana me mawaho ole hiki ana o ka meaola i ke hakuloli ia ia.

Ka 'ole o ka'emi'ōnaehana hiki ole ke noonoo loa me ke ano o kona mall pa alima - ka neuron mea i nā aʻalolo aeea e ninoieo o ke kino o ka nucleus, dendritic (manamana ai keʻano o ka hanaʻana) a me ka axon (ka lōʻihi lima o kekahi). I ka rula o ka hana o ka neuron - na dendrites o nā aʻalolo impulses kekahi, i ka halepaahao kino, laila, ma ka axon ua hoouna mai ai i na effectors 'ole' ē aʻe keena.

Ma waena o lakou iho ma o keʻano o ka hanaʻana neurons i pili i kekahi synapse, kona kūlana ninoieo i kānana nā aʻalolo impulses. He hiki ke hele ka lāʻau ikiʻai o kekahi, a me ka 'ē aʻe ke kali ole.

Neurons e pili ana i kekahi pūʻulu, a hoʻoholo lākou kekahi ho'āʻo. Penei, kekahi o nā pae neurons hana mākau hana, a he kuleana no ka hoea ana o ke aʻalolo impulse. Ka lua o ka pūʻulu mea kuleana i ka hoʻololi kemikala a me ka 'ike o nā impulses e hele mai ana mai nā makaukau. Aia ka he kolu o ka pūʻulu, i mālama i ka waiwai ma mua ciia a hoʻohālikeʻana i ka hopena i hōʻikeʻia mai i kupu mai ka na ko läkou '.

eiiieaena pukapuka'ōnaehana oaio nā aʻalolo haawi ma ke kanaka kino o ka spinalʻula, a i ka palapala i ka lōʻihi keʻokeʻo "na kaula", he mānoanoa o ka manamana lima, he lōʻihi o 45 knm, a he pāʻumi ana 30 nā huna, a ua aia i loko o ka spinal Canal. Ua he a mau eiiiiiaiou - ke oho mea (huhui waina a lākou o nā aʻalolo aeee) a me keʻokeʻo mea (nā aʻalolo puluniu).

Haʻalele a me ka pono o ka spinalʻaha lala i "ka palapala o twigs mai i kekahi kumu" spinal nā aʻalolo. Lakou i hoouna aku ai i nā wahi likeʻole o ke kanaka kino, a hoolako i ka pilina me ka Central ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu. Mana hoʻomalu ma luna o kekahi "hapa" o ka kino ua lawe aku i loko o ia ka maopopo nā aʻalolo.

Spinal nā aʻalolo ninoieo o hoʻoneʻe a mīkiniʻimi, a me ke alo, a me Hawaii, pua. I ka mua o nāʻano olona, originates mai na receptors o kaʻili, tendons, nāʻiʻo, ami, na nā loko a me ka makaukau. Ua mea i loko o ka receptors ikeia nā aʻalolo lepa, i pihaʻi me 'ike e pili ana i nā hanana' ia i loko o ke kino, a mawaho. i hoouna hope-puluniuʻikepili lepa i ka spinal kaula, a laila, - ma ke lolo, kahi a lakou i hoʻokaʻina ', hoʻokō', ana kūpono, a ua hoouna aku ke alo olona, ma muli o nā lepa i nāʻiʻo, na nā loko a me nā ipu koko.

Ke 'ole ke komo i loko o ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana a me ka autonomic ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu, i mea kuleana no ka pūnao a me na nā loko. A hiʻona o keia'ōnaehana o ke kuokoa functioning, a pela i ka subordination o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu.

E like me kona aoao ma ka na nā loko o ka autonomic ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana ninoieo o ka parasympathetic a me kōkua aloha o nenoai. Ko lakou mau hoahanau e, aole i huikau, no ka mea, pinepine i ka e ku pono ana ia ma luna o kekahi, a me ka hookahi kino, a ma i loaʻa i kekahi koena i loko o ke kino.

Ke 'ole no ka ua'emi'ōnaehana me ka cerebral cortex, a i ka mānoanoa o ma kahi o 3 mm o, a me ka iauae ieiuaae o ka hola he hapaha sq.m. Kēia hapa o ka kino, he eono mau papa, i mea pili loa aku aeee i kekahi i kekahi. I ka huina helu o kēia mau keena e pili ana i ka 15 Bln.'āpana.

Ka 'ole o ka'emi ko kahua It e e manao ole loa me kaʻike manaʻo me reflex, i mea ke kino i ka pane i na, a mawaho ole Via ka Central ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu. Maheleia i loko o conditional reflexes (i ke kino o ka hiki e ke hakuloli i hoʻololi? Aneie ana) a me ka unconditional (innate pane i mawaho stimuli). Unconditioned reflexes mai e koi i kekahi mau olelo no kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo, a me conditional - e ala aʻeʻoe ma muli o ia mauʻike manaʻo i mea e pōʻino ai kanaka.