Konstantin Sergeevich Novosolov: Kawaihae, iao? A me ka pilina hana, hoʻolilo 'ia' a me ka waiwai pio:. Nobel makana i loko o ke kālaikūlohea (2010)

Ka pono-ike Lūkini physicist, loaa Pelekāne kupa a no hoi me ka Naita, he lâlâ 'o ka Royal Society o London, ka Nobel makana i loko o ke kālaikūlohea. ʻO wai ka ia? Novoselov Konstantin Sergeyevich!

Kawaihae

Famous nä känaka 'epekema i hānau i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Nizhny Tagil, Sverdlovsk wahi August 23, 1974 ma ka ohana o ka lunaʻenehana a me ka kumu o ka' ōlelo Pelekānia ma ke kula helu 39, i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā a me ka luna hoʻokele o ka a ua hookahi kona kupunakane, Viktor Konstantinovich Novoselov.

I loko o ka ono o ka papa, Constantine haʻawina poʻokela nā mea hiki, a kaua mua i loko o ka 'āina' Competition i loko o ke kālaikūlohea, a me ka hope, i ka All-Union Festival, ikaika pomaikai, komo i ka luna he umi. I ka makahiki 1991, ua puka 'o ia i nā palapala a me ka ke kālaikūlohea oaoieei kula, a me ka ia makahiki i lilo ai i ka haumāna ma ka Moscow Helu-E noa ka Institute. He ua aʻo i loko o ka hana kūikawā "Nanotechnology" ma ke kumu kula o Helu a me Quantum uilaʻoe, a ua puka 'o ia me ka hanohano, mai ka Institute, ma hope i kona i lawe i ka hana i loko o IMT RAS (Institute o Microelectronics Technology RAS) ma Chernogolovka. Aia ia i puka 'o ia mai ka puka kula ma lalo o ka lima o Yuriya Dubrovskogo.

huakaʻi i ke kai

I ka makahiki 1999, Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov - he physicist me ka ua hookupaa kaulana, hoʻoneʻe i ka Netherlands. Aia, ma ke Kulanui o Nijmegen, mea, ke hana pu me Andrei Geim. Mai 2001, kńnaka i ua hana me ke Kulanui o Manchester. I ka 2004, ua loaa i ka degere o Kauka o kālaiʻike (Jan Kee Maan poo).

Ma ka manawa, Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov - he Kumu o ka Royal Society a me Kumu o ke kālaikūlohea a me Balanced ma ke Kulanui o Manchester, a mai pālua kupa (Lūkini, a me ka United Kingdom). Ano,ʻo ia ke ola i loko o Manchester.

noiʻi

Ka ike Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov? E like me ka mākau 'oihana Thomson Reuters, Lūkini-Pelekāne physicist o kekahi o ka loa pinepine kākau i nā kānakaʻepekema. Mai kona peni i hele mai i ka 190 'epekema' atikala. Naʻe, i ka loa nui o kona noiʻi mea, o ka papa, graphene. Ua lohe nui na kanaka i ka olelo, i mea hemahema, a kama'āina. Technology maoli concise a me ka leo hone, e like a pau maikaʻi loa. E möakäka hou mai o graphene a me kona palapala noi, e alakaʻi mai i manaʻo kanaka i loko o ka au o kaʻoi loa-hoʻokēʻai, a ultrathin lawe lima a me ka Me i na mea maalea, uila kaa, a me ka ikaika akā loa Lightweight no? Ieoaeunoaa.

hanohano

A lohe o Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov hele aku e hana i Manchester University, lilo 'o ia i ke poʻo o ka papa kiʻekiʻe colleague mai Rusia, Andre Geim. Ma ka manawa ia i loihi, ua komo i ka noiʻi i loko o kēia wahi, a ua hiki ke paʻi i keʻano papa hana o ka mea pīlali o Gecko mau kapuwai manamana, a me ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka mea i hana i ka Padfolio leki, i hope hoʻohana' ia ma ke kālaikūlohea hana me ka graphene. Before mea Geim kōkua mai i ka Pākē haumāna, akā, ma ka olelo a ke kālaikūlohea, hoomaka ae la ka hana e neʻe wale nō ma hope o ka mea i Novoselov Konstantin Sergeyevich. Ka Nobel makana i kumu kāki iā ia i loko o October 2010. Novoselov ua manawa ike i ka muli Nobel laureate i loko o ke kālaikūlohea (no ka mea hope 37 makahiki),ʻaʻole wale i ka manawa ia e ke nä känaka 'epekema wale nō i waena o Nobel premiatov hanau ma hope o 1970.

Ma ka la 2010 Novoselov loaa i ka inoa o ka luna o ka Papa o ke Hōlani Lion no kona nui na makana i ka 'epekema o ka Netherlands, a me ka hope, i ka 2011, he paa no Queen Elizabeth u e ia ia i ka naita-kēkelē, i no kona makana i ka' epekema o ka United Kingdom. Hōʻuluʻuluʻana i ka hoʻomaka ai i loko o ka Naita paʻa ma hope ma ke kupulau o 2012, e like me ka manaʻo, ma Buckingham Palace. Ua alakaʻi i kona kaikamahine, Queen, Princess Anne.

Au pono aku nei au ia Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov, iao? A me ka pilina hana i nā loa nui, loaa kekahi 'ihiʻihi ia nā kumu kāki no ka ao o ka graphene, e lilo ana i ka uwa o ka ia nā kumu kāki "Evrofizika" i ka 2008. Ua Ua hookoia kela mau makahiki, Nobel makana Winners i waena o kona awardees ua umikumamakolu wale. I ka makana o ke dala makana a me ka palapala o ke kulike. He i lanakila Kurti, naʻe, 'aʻole no ka graphene, a no ka papa inoa o ka piʻi like i loko o ka wahi o ka haʻahaʻa ana wela a me kaʻume mākenēki kihapai.

About 'ohana a me ke ola

Konstantin Novoselov mea paha mare i kana wahine Irina. ʻOiai ka mea, Ua i Lūkini, aʻoʻepekema kahi'ē i loko o ka Netherlands. Irina hele mai Vologda, komo ma ka noiʻi i loko o ke kula o ka microbiology, PhD (ia hoʻi kokua ma St. Petersburg). Ke hoeeia e na kaikamahine elua, he mau mahoe Sophie, a Vic i hanau i ka 2009.

Stanislavski, ma kana mau olelo, i ka makua kāne, ka mea e noho ana no ka pule i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua ma ka hele i ka wā kamaliʻi o kā lākou mau keiki. No ka ona e invent i ka honua i ka huna uuku pākali hoʻolele, a ao aku i kona kaikamahine, e helu i ka iwakalua-ehiku - e ku ana ma ka ia lalani i kekahi mea. "No kekahi i loa hana ia oe," - me kana olelo.

I ka huli, me kona mau makua ole ho'āʻo e kali i kana keiki i loko o ka lokomaikaʻi. Ka mea, ua mau i hoomaopopoia i kā lākou mau keiki i loa ia i ka manawaleʻa, a, i mai la ia, he physicist,ʻaʻole kahaha ia ia i loaa i ka Nobel uku.

Ma ka hālāwai ninaninau no Esquire Magazine, akula ia i kona manao, e aʻo i pāʻani i ka hoʻokani piano. He aoiaʻi oe i ka, nae, ma kona mau komo, i nā hualoaʻa i mediocre.

ma luna o ka USSR

Stanislavski i hānau i loko o ka Soviet Union, a loaa ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi loa. He ana ia ia iho no ke komo maluna ia ia i ka hohonu ike i kahi e kiʻi i ka apana uuku na. Akā, ka mea, ua ole ana e hele mai hoʻi i Rusia. Paha ia mea no ka mea, o keia, kekahi nā kānaka moʻolelo involuntarily hoino ia no kona nele o ka patriotism. Kēia ka poʻe puni hoʻonaʻauao mai nei i ka mea, ke ole e pili ana i ke kala, e like me ka Pelekane hana lua pele, no ka mea,ʻaʻole mea e ālai ia 'aʻe i loko o kou noho ana.

Novoselov i ke ola oluolu, mai noho ma luna o hoʻolako 'ole' - keia mea i kekahi o kona walaʻauʻana rula. Inā he mau hihia i loko o ka pilina me kanaka, oia UOAN ole e alakai i ka anaʻe, akā, inā e mea unavoidable, haʻalele i ka hope hua'ōlelo i kekahi kanaka. Ma ka physicist kaulana, ua nui na pilikia o ke ola, no ka hoʻohālike,ʻo ia ka mea nona ka makemake e pana aku au i kekahi dala, pono e kiʻi i kekahi noa manawa.

Akā, i kona ola ana i ka hana a me ka koena, mea, aole ia i mahele, paha keia mea i ke ki kālaiʻike productivity. Ma ka home, oia ke manao e pili ana i ke kālaikūlohea, a ma ka hana - e hoʻonānea i ka uhane.

He aha ka graphene

Oiai, o ka papa, i ka piʻi like a pau i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ke kālaikūlohea, ka papa hana o Novoselov ua, a koe graphene. Kēia 'ole, a ua mua i loaʻa i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua ua kauoha aku e ko kakou poe hoa, he mau-dimensional "hei" o ka kalapona nā'ātoma i loko o ka mānoanoa o kekahi'Ātoma. Novoselov ia ia iho mai nei i ua ole huikau ka 'ike loea hou a me ka hana graphene hiki kela a me keia, aneane improvised. Ana e olelo mai ana ia mea lawa e hoʻomaka i ka maikai Buy graphite, nae ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana i peni, a pana aku au i kekahi wahi ma ka silikone kūpapakū a me ka lina helu. A pau 'ia paha, e ho okumu graphene Ua makaukau! Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka mea e ole e monopolized e nui hui, Novoselov a me Geim literally haawi ia i ke ao nei.

kahaha ko oukou naau waiwai

I kahaha physicist lolouila waiwai o keia mea. E like me ia, i ka graphene hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia i loko o transistors, a e ho'āʻo ana e hana pololei manawa i loko o kekahi poʻe, ke kūapoʻana i ka maʻa lāliʻi ma ka lawe lima manaʻo.

E like me ka Novoselov, graphene e revolutionize loea. An integral hapa o kekahi 'epekema fiction maikam - he mea hiki ole nā Hāmeʻa, aniani moakaka, he wiwi,ʻaʻole breakable, a me ka nui functionality. Inā ka pakuhi e ke kiʻekiʻe o puku obsolete silikone enehana o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni e ia i loko o ke ola.

Ka oi pepeiaohao nui haʻawina Novoselov a me Geim? Ka mea i ka mea, aneane koke hoʻoneʻe mai ke keʻena hoʻokolohua i conveyors, a oi - Ua Ua loa kōkua maikaʻi i loko o nā makahiki kakahiaka.

wā e hiki mai loea

ʻAuhea ka mea, ua manawa hoʻohana graphene? Ua makemake mea ia ia ka nei ike mea hiki ole i palahalaha ae kaiāulu, a me kekahi mea i keia mea oiaio. Aneane pau hooulu ana i nō mana ma ka ano a me ka mea ole, kuu no ka nuipa a? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Eia naʻe, e pili i kēia mea e e ho'āʻo i kaʻaneʻane nā wahi a pau, paha, hiki ke kapaia he maoli "graphene kuni."

Helu ia iho, ma naʻe o ka haʻahaʻa kaumaha a me kaʻaneʻane piha mäliko (ia absorbs 2% o ka malamalama i hiki, like ka ia me ka maʻamau window aniani), i ka lako e ka loa mau nō. Recent noiʻi ma ka 'Amelikaʻepekema hōʻike i graphene mea kawili pu ia me ke olona ea. Kēia hualoaʻa ma ke kaumaha-hana mea e e hoʻohana hiki i loko o nā wahi, HEN, mai ke? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka lako a me ka lawe lima kaul e rocket 'epekema.

Graphene mea ua prototypes o ka iuo aaoa? No ka pila hi. Ka mea, i wehewehe aku e 'auhau nui a me ka uuku ke kūʻai aku manawa. Paha ia mea, no ka pilikia me ka uila kaa e e wehe pilikiaʻana, a me ka amo e ia i ka makepono a me ka loa environmentally aloha.

Graphene ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka ulu ana o ka hou nano Panel no ka lawe lima kaul. Inā panina nā mea e loaʻa ka mea nalo hiki ke hoʻohana i ka palahalahaʻili, a laila, i ka pakuhi o keia deficiency hoonele ia, no ka mea, hiki ke lena i makemake. Eia hou kekahi, kiʻekiʻe uila conductivity e e pane i ka palena iki.

I maunakea,

Ei? Kao lele lako kaua me ka mokulele, i me ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka graphene e e kekahi mau manawa hou aku oluolu, a me ke kahaha nui ho'ēmi i kā wahie koina. Nā de E e ai nike e hoʻolimalima i ka hele ana a hiki i ka kekahi kūkulu o ka honua, e hiki e ke hoʻolimalima hale hoʻokahi. Akā, ma ka hou i ka ohua kalepa ae la lakou, keia e loli, o ka papa, a me ka ukana. Lako hou loihi kihi o ka Honua, e e nui maikaʻi, nolaila, e ola a me ka hana ma laila hou kanaka, e e.