Kuhikuhi aku de Ka Carcassonne: More ike, ano, mōʻaukala a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Carcassonne pā - he kuhikuhipuʻuone Ensemble o ka hale, he nui loa o ka i lā hoʻi i ka medieval wā, ma ka mea o ka Susana. Ua Ua aniiei? I loko o ke kūlanakauhale o ka ia inoa, ma ka mokuna o ke kālā no Farani, ma ka aina o Occitania, ma ka oihana o Aude. Mea maʻa mau, ua medieval pā kapaia kulanakauhale. Ka hapanui hele ma ka hema o Farani, e hookomo i loko o kā lākou polokalamu ka makaikai ana i keia mea hana hoihoi 'kuhikuhipuʻuone kia me ka waiwai mōʻaukala.

I ka pā kaua o Carcassonne (Farani): hōʻike o ke kulanakauhale, a kuhikuhi aku i wahi

Kēia puʻukaua Ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o ke kapa akau o ka muliwai o Aude. Ke pā Ua aia ma luna o ka puʻu i ka hema-hikina o ke kēia kūlanakauhale konu o Carcassonne. Ke kulanakauhale ia i lōʻihi e paʻa ana i ka maikai KUMUMANAʻO NUI kulana, ke kaōhiʻana i ka'āina kahi ma waena o ka Pyrenees, a me ka Montagne Noire, a me ka mea ala, mai ke Kaiwaenahonua kai a hiki i ka 'Akelanika. Ka puu ma i ka pāpū o ka plateau hoʻokahi haneri a me kanalima mau mika. Ke kahi ana o ke kulanakauhale i ka huina o 65ʻahā like kilomika, hiki e oi aku ka nui o nā mea a pau'ē aʻe noho Aude panalaau.

protohistory

I ka pā kaua o Carcassonne (Farani) i ikeia iloko o ka Gallo-Roma kaua. People noho i loko o kēia puʻu, mahope mai o ka primitive'āina. Ka Celts kukulu iho la i ka hooponopono, i ike mai ai ka ono o ka kenekulia BC. A laila, i loko o 125 BC. Hawaii., ma ka mokuna o ka Roma, i hele mai, a hoʻokumu ma luna o kēia wahi o ka pā e hoʻomoana ai (castrum Julia? aieao). Ma hope,ʻo ia i komo pū i loko o ka'āina o Narbonne Gaul. Ke hoʻomoana Ua Kapa hou i ke Karkasum a me ke kiʻekiʻe o loaa akea hana nona iho kuleana a me na pomaikai. No ka mea, hoomaka ae la ia e kapaia "shite" - o ka pakaua, a i ka inoa o ke kulanakauhale. Kekahi mau hale kiaʻi a me nā pā pōhaku, a hiki ke ike ia ma ka ke kālā no Carcassonne, aua ko läkou 'o ka Gallo-Roma masonry. Ma hope o hemohemo na aupuni a pau, i ka pā kaua i kekahi o na wahi paa o ke Visigoth aupuni. Ka mea, hana ihola lākou mau pā pōhaku ma Roma kumu. Eia hou, i ka Visigoth Theodoric Auguseto kauoha i ka hana o ka basilica. I 725, ka Sarakena hoopio Carcassonne. Legends e pili ana i kēia wā loaʻa i ke ano o ke kūlanakauhale ka inoa ka i ia manawa. Allegedly, i ka wa a ka Susana hoʻopilikia Karl Veliky, o ka wahine o ke Sarakena ke aliʻi, ka lede iwi, maalea puʻe wale akula kēlā iā ia, e haalele. I mea, i ke aupuni o ka Arabia ana wale a hiki i 759, i ka wa a ka mea i kipakuʻia mai kēia mau'āina Pepin ka Hula.

Middle Ages

Mai ka hopena o ka walu-kenekulia hale kākela o Carcassonne aia a hiki i ka Carolingian. Akā, mahope mai o ka mea, aole na mea e, aole hoi me ka hiki i ka mana i ke kulanakauhale, alaila, ia kahi i hoomaka ai e hana i mau pakuhi. Akā, ka mea, ua pau nani keonimana, i ole he i alakaʻi ai i ka hooulu ana o ko lakou mau aina hooilina. Akā, i ka wa a ke kenekulia umikumamakahi, Carcassonne i waihoʻia e ka mana Vikontov Trenkaveley lāhui ma ka mare ana me ka hooilina a hiki i ka hope pakuhi, ke kulanakauhale i loli. Aia O ka pā kaua i kūkulu, a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i crumbling kūkulu hou. Ka mea, hoʻopuni ka Susana, apo hookahi. A hiki i kona kūʻokoʻa 'ana Trencavel kulanakauhale kona pili aupuni a me ka moʻomeheu? Acaeoey. Viscounts, he mau koa i o ke Kauna o Toulouse a me ke alii o Pakelona.

I ka moʻolelo o ka Cathars

Ka paa i ka pa kulanakauhale o Carcassonne ikeia no kona kūlana ma ka ai-kapaia Albigensian Crusade. Kona poe alii, he tolerant o Kristiano dissidents o ia manawa, a me ka Roma Hui Church kapa heretic Cathars. Trencavel hoomakaukau ia me ka hanohano a me ka mahalo, a me ka hoole i ka haawi aku ia lakou no a hiki i ka Crusaders. Ma 'Aukake 1209 i ke kaua i alakaʻi ma ka papal legate Arnaud-Amaury i hooponopono o ke kulanakauhale. Raymond-Rozhe Trenkavel, hele e negotiate me na besiegers, i pio, a laila, apparentlyʻapu kōheoheo. Ua hai New viscount i ka alihi kaua o ka crusade, Simona de Ka Montfort. Ua kipakuʻia a pau e noho ana, mai ke kūlanakauhale i loko o ka ia wearable pālule,.

Ke au o Palani domination, a me ka hookolokoloia

I ka wā o ka Crusaders hoopio Carcassonne, i ka pā kaua lilo i outpost paʻa Occitania. Simona De Montfort i hoʻoikaika iā ia. I kuhikuhi aku i 'ae' e noho wale kona allies a me kupaʻa i kona mau alii ahaolelo, a me ka poʻe kālepa. Ua kūkuluʻia a pau o ka 'ē aʻe e noho ana i ke kūlanakauhale i loko o ka wahi. I ka mea, i loko o ia mau lā, Carcassonne hooikaika ole no ka pale aku i mawaho poe enemi, akā, e pale aku i ka uprising oksitantsev. Ma ka forties o kaʻumikumamākolu kenekulia, ke keiki a Raymond-Roger i imi e lawe i ke kulanakauhale ma ka makani ino, aole nae ia i loaa ia oe, a me ka ia i haʻakoiʻia e holo i pakele ai i ka aupuni o ke Aragon. I ka 1247 i ka pā, hele mai ma lalo o Palani e hooponopono. Ma hope iho o ke kukuluia'na o ka hoʻokolokoloʻia ma Occitania lilo ke kūlanakauhale i kekahi o na outposts o ka hou haipule makai. Eia ka mea, he kūikawā o ka halepaahao no ka heretics - Moore. Hiki i keia manawa, na alakai makapo hōʻike i ka ai-kapaia Tower o ka hoʻokolokoloʻia. Mai keia ka mea, ua akaka no ia wahi kahi heretics i ke ahi ma ka pahu ma luna o nā kapa o ka muliwai o Aude.

Mahope makahiki. Ka hoihoi hou ia ana mai o ka Kanakaʻole

Ma ka waena o kaʻumikumamākolu kenekulia hale kākela o Carcassonne lilo i mokuna ma waena o Palani a me Aragon. Ua lilo ai impregnable ia i ka haneri makahiki o War, Pelekāne lākou poʻe kaua i ole i hiki ke lawe ia ma ka makani ino. Hiki i keia poe koa o ka Huguenots i ka pāonioni paʻa haipule o ka umikumamaono kenekulia. Akā, ma hope o 1659, ka wā o ka ?? eoi? Holoʻokoʻa o ka aina o Roussillon i waiho e Palani, hoʻoneʻe i ka mokuna a hiki i ke komohana, a me Carcassonne waiwai me ka nui loa ua hoʻemi. Pakaua i haalele. Ua haule i loko o naniʻole, a me ke kulanakauhale o Carcassonne. Ke pā kaua mea i loko o ka manawa o Napoleon ua he 'ano walohia. Ke aupuni a hiki hoʻoholo e wāwahi ia. Akā, i ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana pomaikai Mérimée alakai i ka maoli lehulehu kai eʻe, e hoola i ka medieval hooilina. A iki ma hope, ka mea, hoomaka ae la ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka mōʻaukala hē, i i alai ai ia e kaʻoi aku kona koʻikoʻi akamai ma medieval kuhikuhipuʻuone o ka manawa Viollet-le-Duc.

Pehea e holo ai ka mea kēia kulanakauhale

ʻOiai ua hana ma ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka mea kahiko kūlanakauhale i haawi ia i ka i pono loa ke nānā aku, i ike i kēia hana e like me ke ano akamai mea. Ano, Carcassonne hale kākela a me kona kuhikuhipuʻuone Ensemble mai 1997. hapa o ka UNESCO World hoʻoilina List. Administratively i maheleia i ka mōʻaukala kia hoʻomanaʻo i waena o kekahi mau mea nona. Paia, helu o ka hale käkela, hale kiaʻi a me nā pā kaua i ka waiwai o ka moku'āina. Ka mea, e hoʻolaha i kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka lahui nui. A me ke koena o ka aina e pili ana i ke kulanakauhale o kulanakauhale. Ololi medieval alanui, mika pāhoʻonui lua a me Hawaii stylized medieval haawi aku i ke kūlanakauhale i ka kūikawā kaʻume.

ka papa kuhikuhiE Hawaii

Carcassonne pā hoʻopuniʻia e ka papalua kāʻei o ka pā. Ko lakou huina pau loa o kahi o ekolu kilomika. Ma na paia, he 53 hale kiaʻi a me nā barbacans ma ka mea e hoomalu iho i ke kulanakauhale mai ka pua ana kiko'ī. Ma waho aʻeo ia mau nui Hawaii i ke kulanakauhale Kauna ka Castle a me ka Hale Pule Nui o ka haipule Nazarius a me Kelekia. Ma mua o ka papa kuhikuhiE e komo ai i ka hale käkela, ma ke alo o ka puka pā o Narbonne oe ke ike bas Ladies ponoi. Ke kukulu ana o ka Hale Pule Nui ua i nā'āpanaʻelua - ka Romanesque a me Kokika. Ka paia waho o ka ekalesia ua hoʻonaniʻia me gargoyles a me kahi oioi. Ma o ka ekalesia he mea no hoi ka elemakule hoʻohaumiaʻo aniani puka makani. Mawaena o na tombstones o ka hoihoi o ka bas-kokua ma ka hanohano o Simona de Ka Montfort. Ka ai-i kapaia o Kauna ka hale kākela o ke kenekulia umikumamakahi, lilo iho la i hulikoehana iau. Eia hou, ma ka Susana, he mea ka exhibition hoolilo i ka hoʻokolokoloʻia, a'ōlelo mai e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o ka noho hookolokolo, a wiwoʻole nā mea o ka hoʻokolokoloʻiaʻana.

Carcassonne (hale kākela): hōʻike manaʻo

Iauaeoia oo? Ecia ka poe i kipa iʻaneʻi, e hōʻike 'ia i kēia medieval Ensemble me ka loaʻa kekahi wahi me ka mōʻaukala kahiko a me ka kāʻeʻaʻeʻa. He ka maikai, "Fabulous" a loa hookomo iho i ka hele i loko o ka wā kahiko, me he mea la e kekahi aoao hanana. Ua hiki ke nānā i ka wati, i loko o kēlā au mamuli. City mea e i nalowale, mai ka medieval kaha. He mea känalua 'ka mea, i Film nui mōʻaukala films. Mai ka hili 'paia o ka pakaua, a ke hanu aku ka ikaika a me ka mana. A me keia mea he kilakila 'ole hoopuniia e ole emi nani loa Landskap.