Lapalapa ahi: 'ole hōʻikeʻano noaia mehana

Ma ka'ā kaʻina hana o ka lapalapa ua hana, me ka 'ole o ka i kauoha aku e na reactants. Kona 'ole ua maheleia i mau mea ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mahana ano.

ka wehewehena

Lapalapa ahi i kapaʻia ka wela kinoea i loko o ke ano i loko i nā eiiiiiaiou e noho i loko o ka wai koko a me ka 'ona poe i hoopuehuia'ku a paa palapala. Lakou i lawe mai physical a me ka Nine Inch huli ana type pu ma ka luminescence, wela kala a me ka paio hahana maoli nō.

Ke alo i loko o ka gaseous (particles) meakino a me ka ion'ano'ē wehewehe aku ma kona uila conductivity, a me ka pau o ka hana o ka electromagnetic a kula.

He aha mea i ka lapalapa

Nō kāu e pili ana i ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana pili me ka'ā. Ke hoʻohālikelike me ka lewa, ke kinoea nuʻa mea emi mai, akā, i kiʻekiʻe mahana hana o ke kinoea punohu. A hua mai la i ka lapalapa ahi i mea lōʻihi paha pōkole. Pinepine he mea no hoi he pahee hoʻololi o kekahi palapala i loko o kekahi.

Lapalapa ahi: 'ole a me ka' ole

E kau i ke ano o ka mea i ho'ākāka 'ia kŰia mea lawa paha kana e ignite i ke kinoea puhiʻino. Ikeia oia nonluminous lapalapa hiki ole ke manaoiaʻaʻahu. Visually, eia ekolu nui mau mea o kona poe. Incidentally, ka study o ka lapalapa ahi kanu'ōiwi nā hōʻike i e kuni i kekahi mau waiwai e lilo acee? Iuo oeiia o ka lapalapa ahi.

Ka wā e puhi ana i ka läÿau, o ke kinoea make a me ka ea ia lŘlŘ initially ho okumu i ka pōkole lapalapa ahi, a loaʻa he uliuli waihoʻoluʻu a me ka poni Hue. Ua hiki ke ike i ka 'ōlelo - omaomao a me ka uliuli like me kaʻohana. E noonoo oe i ka lapalapa ahi. Ka 'ole o ka mea, ua maheleia i ekolu cii:

1. Līkaia hoomakaukau wahi ma i ka hahana maoli nō kēia o ka hui o ke kinoea make a me ke ea ma ka mākeke o ke puhiʻino puka.
2. Kēia Ua ukali ia e ka ciia ma i'ā ia lŘlŘ. Ua ninoaaeyao i ka luna o kaʻohana.
3. A hiki aku ka mea, he nele o ka lewa pele, kinoea puhi incompletely. Eia nae, divalent kalapona monoxide a me hydrogen moieties. Lākou ma hope o-aa ana i wahi i loko o ke kolu o kahi he mea ka oxygen i loaʻa.

Ano, noonoo kaawale ka okoa'ā keʻano o ka hanaʻana.

kukui aa ana

Ke ahi kukui e like ahi ihoiho a me hoʻomāmā iki. A kukui lapalapa 'ole kohu he ulaula-wela kinoea kahe i ua huki mai ma muli o ka buoyancy koa. Ke kaʻina hoʻomaka me hahana maoli nō kēia i ka poʻe hewa, i ukali ma ke omoāea o ka mahuahua.

Lowermost ciia ke aupuni 'maloko a me ka pili ana i ka filament, i kapa mua māhele' āina. Ua loaʻa he hōʻemi iki uliuli luminescence aie i ka huina nui o ka wahie, akā, he uuku ka leo o ka ka oxygen ukuhiia. Aia ua hana i kekahi kaʻina hana o ke kāpili'ā waiwai me ka kaawale ana o ka kalapona monoxide, a ua a laila oxidized.

Ke oo mua ua hoopuniia e ka luminous lua iwi, a characterizes ka 'ole o ke kukui lapalapa ahi. Ua hookipa mai i ka nui o ka nui o oxygen, e hiki aku ai i ka mau nō lā hoʻi o ka'okesaside naoh me ka wahie i nā lātoma. Mahanaʻikepiliʻaneʻi makemake e oi aku ma mua o loko o ka pouli ciia, akā, lawa ole no ka decomposition hope loa. Ua ua i loko o ka mau wahi mua me ka ikaika hahana maoli nō kēia droplets o unburned wahie a me ka kalapona (particles) aia no he glowing kanawai.

Ka lua o ka ciia Ua hoʻopuniʻia e ka cladding me ka apuepue detectable kiʻekiʻe ana wela nā loina. Ua hele mai ia i ka hailona o ka o oxygen nā lātoma i paipai 'ia ka piha afterburner wahie (particles). Ma hope iho o ka'okesaside o 'ona i loko o ke kolu o ka ciia luminous hopena ua i mālama.

diagrammatic e hoohalike ai

No ka mōakaaka, ua lawe mai ai i kou noonoo ana i ke kiʻi o ke ahi ihoiho. lapalapa huakai kaapuni nā:

1. Ka mea mua a me ka p ÷ ele ele.
2. A lua o luminous wahi.
3. A kolu o ka aniani moakaka iwi.

Ka pae i ka hunaahi mea i malama i ke ahi charring wale ka pelupelu ia hopena, a.

ke ahi uhane kukui

No ka Nine Inch ho okolohua pinepine uuku pahu waihona me ka waiʻona ke hoʻohana 'ia. Ka mea, i kapaʻia ka waiʻona kapuahi. puhiʻino poe hewa impregnated waikahe me ka wai i wahie ma ka orifice. Keia ua kōkua ai i nā ma ka capillary puʻe. I a hiki i ka luna o ka poʻe hewa, noa, waiʻona hoʻomaka e evaporate. Ma ka mahu pae ka mea, ua ignited a'ā ma ka wela, aole e oi aku 900 ° C.

Lapalapa ahi o ka waiʻona kukui i ka mau palapala, ia mea kokoke colorless, me ka hōʻemi iki tinge o ka uliuli. Kona wahi mea ole ai maopopo i nanaia, e like me ka kukui.

Ma ka waiʻona puhiʻino, i kapaʻia ma hope o ke nä känaka 'epekema Barthel, i ka hoʻomaka o ke ahi ua aia ma luna o ke kapa puhiʻino. Oia lapalapa anal ho'ēmi i kā ka pouli olokoʻohana, a hele mai, mai ka puka waena hapa, a ua noʻonoʻo i ka ikaika.

waihoʻoluʻu ano

Lapalapa pāhawewe kekahi mau waihoʻoluʻu, kena ae la ia e uila nā mahele. Ka mea, i kekahi kapa wela. Penei, e like me ka hopena o ke'ā o ka hydrocarbon ke keʻena i loko o ka lewa, ma muli o ia i ke kala o ka uliuli lapalapa HC hui. Akā, i ka wā (particles) CC pāhawewe lama Ua 'ia nā pōpō' alani-ula waihoʻoluʻu.

He paʻakikī e ike i ka 'ole o ka lapalapa, ke kemika o a iloko ona i kakauia ka huina lakou o ka wai, i carbon dioxide a me kalapona monoxide ka, palapala OH. 'ōlelo kona kokoke colorless, mahope mai o ka luna (particles) i'ā hoʻokuʻu akula ultraviolet, a he pāhawewe.

Ka penaʻana lapalapa ahi correlated me ka wela nā hoailona, a hiki i ke alo o ka ionic? Ueo e pili ana i kekahi mau 'ea puka pae ole'ōnohi. Penei,'ā o kekahi o na kumu mua ke kumu no ke kala loli i loko o ka puhiʻino lapalapa ahi. Oko ao ma ka i hookohu aku i o ke kukui i pili i hehee wale ke aupuni 'i loko o kekahi hui o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika nenoaiu.

Ke ahi i loko o ke alo o ka pāhawewe, e pili ana i ka mea i nanaia pae, study spectroscope. Ua Ua ua loaʻa i ka poʻe noʻonoʻo waiwai o ka huina subgroups, a i ka lapalapa ana i nā pōpō. No ka mōakaaka'ā hoʻohana paʻakai like me ka hōʻikeʻeleu metala. Inā 'oe e ka mea, i loko o ka lapalapa ahi, na olelo i melemele. Ma ke kumu o ke ano 'ano o ka loaʻa hou laina paʻakai i loko o ke ea puka pae.

No ka mekala 'åkilikai metala ano waiwai o kokololio excitation malamalama ea puka o'ātoma (particles). I ka hana ana i volatility i huiʻia o ia nā kumumea i loko o ka Bunsen puhiʻino lapalapa o kona waihoʻoluʻu.

Spectroscopic ninaninau hōʻike ano laina i loko o ka wahi hiki i ka maka kanaka. I ka mämä holo o ka malamalama excitation a me ka ea puka spectral hemahema 'ole pili loa aku i ka ano kiʻekiʻe electropositive ke hooheheeia.

hiʻona

Ma ka naau o ka lapalapa Mea Maluna ma muli o ke 'ano kēia:

• moku'āina o aggregation ahi lapalapa i huiʻia. Ka mea, e gaseous aerodisperse, paa a me ka wai ke ano;
• ano o ka pāhawewe, a hiki e colorless, i nā pōpō a me ka luminous;
• Hoi o ka makana māmā. Aia i hookeai a me ka lohi maholahune;
• Ka lapalapa kiʻekiʻe. Ke 'ole hiki e pōkole a me ka lōʻihi;
• pūʻulu ana reacting nā mea huihuina. Hoʻokuʻu akula pulsating laminar, māpuna neʻeʻana;
• pilikia makapō pokole. Waiwai puhi me ka auaaeaiea sooting, i nā pōpō a me ka aniani moakaka lapalapa ahi;
• ana wela aiao. Ka lapalapa ahi ke ia i haʻahaʻa ka mahana, ke anu a me ka kiʻekiʻe ana wela.
• pae moku'āina o ka wahie - oxidizing mea kemikala.

Mea hō'ā kaʻa ia lŘlŘ ma maholahune a ma ka mālama '-hoʻohuihui i ka hana eiiiiiaiou.

Oxidizing a me ka hoemi i ka wahi

Ke'okesaside puka mai ma ka nawaliwali ciia. He ka ikaika a me ka ua ma ka luna. It wahie (particles) undergo piha'ā. A me ke alo o ka oi o oxygen a me ka wahie shortage hiki aku ai i ka, pili'okesaside kaʻina. Kēia hiʻona E ke hoʻohana 'ia enaena mea ma luna o ke puhiʻino. Ia mea ke kumu o ka mea ua bapetizo i loko o ka hapa luna o ka lapalapa ahi. Oia'ā ia lŘlŘ nui wikiwiki.

Ka ho'ēmiʻana reactions lawe wahi i loko o ka Central, a malalo o ka lapalapa ahi. Ua loaʻa he nui lako hou i ka combustible waiwai, a me ka uuku o ka nui O ₂ nā lātoma e hali ana i'ā. I ka wa ana i kēia mau mau oxygenate cleavage mea lawe O hehee ai.

Me lakou i mea hoike, i ka hoemi lapalapa ua hoʻohana 'ia i ke kaʻina hana o ka cleavage o divalent hao sulufahate. Ma hope o hui 'ana me FeSO ₄ i loko o kekahi kikowaena kahi o ke puhiʻino lapalapa ahi, aia no he mua paio hahana maoli nō ia, a laila, i ka decomposition i loko o ferric'okesaside, a me ka sulfur dioxide i anhydride. Ma keia naoh ia lŘlŘ me ka S koi malama o +6 a me +4.

kuʻihao lapalapa

Kēiaʻano o ka lapalapa ahi i hanaʻia ma ke'ā o ka läÿau, kinoea a wai a me ka mahu maemae ka oxygen.

Lakou i mea hoike i ke kahua o ka o oxygen-acetylene lapalapa. Ua Ua kaʻawale.

• kāna mau 'ōlelo māhele'āina;
• haumāna ke ola māhele 'āina;
• lōʻihi flare ciia.

No laila, he nui ke ahi kinoea-ka oxygen ukuhiia. Oko ao ma ka lākiō o acetylene a me ka kēpau i kekahi oxidant lapalapa type. Ua hiki e maʻamau, carburizing (atsetilenistogo) a me ka oxidative 'ole.

Theoretically, hiki ke ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka helu kaulike kēia ke kaʻina hana o ka kāpili'ā o ka acetylene ma ka maemae o oxygen: HCCH + O ₂ → H ₂ + CO + CO (no ka mea naoh koi kekahi kameleona o O _2).

Loaa like hakakino hydrogen a me ka kalapona monoxide pane koke me ka ea ka oxygen. Ka hope loa huahana ka wai a me ka tetravalent kalapona monoxide. Ka helu kaulike Ua like penei: CO + CO ₂ + H + 1½O ₂ → CO ₂ + CO ₂ + H ₂ O. No keia naoh pono 1.5 iole o ka oxygen. Ma ka summation O ₂ ua loaa ia 2,5 kameleona hoopauia no 1 kameleona HCCH. A mahope mai o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ia mea paakiki i ka imi i ka pono maemae o oxygen (pinepine mai he uuku loa mea hoʻohaumia o impurities), ka lākiō o ka O ₂ a hiki i ka HCCH mea 1,10 i 1,20.

A hiki aku i ka like ana o ka o oxygen e acetylene waiwai emi malalo o 1,10, aia no he carburizing lapalapa. Ke kanu'ōiwi Ua mahuahua kona Kora naʻEsau, kona outlines e blurred. Mai keia pouli ahi anao? Aou ma muli o ka muli o ka oxygen nā lātoma.

Inā ka lākiō o ke kinoea oi aku 1,20, ka oxidizing lapalapa ua loaa me ka oi ana o ka oxygen. AND kona lātoma luku aku nā'ātoma o ka hao, a me nā kila eiiiiiaiou o ka puhiʻino. He lapalapa ahi nukelea loa i pōkole, a mai ka tapering.

welaʻikepili

Kēlā me kēia oo? O ka puhiʻino lapalapa ahi o ke kukui paha i kona waiwai ma muli o kaʻai ana ka oxygen nā lātoma. hamama lapalapa mahana i loko o kona wahi likeʻole papa koa, mai 300 ° C i 1600 ° C.

An hana o ka lapalapa maholahune a me ka laminar, a ua hanaʻia i loko o ekolu leho. Ua ninoieo o kaʻohana pouli wahi me ka mahana i ka 360 ° C a me ka nele o ka oxidizing Agena. Ma luna o ka mea, o ka glow ciia. Kona wela papa koa, mai 550 a hiki i 850 ° C, a paipai 'ia ka thermal decomposition o ka combustible läÿau, a me kona'ā.

Mawaho wahi māhunehune kekahi '. Ua hele mai lapalapa ana wela i ka 1560 ° C, a ua kauoha aku ma na ano maoli o ka wahie i nā lātoma a me ka rapidity o ka loaa ana mai o ka oxidizing Agena. Eia, o ka loa ikaika'ā.

Waiwai ignited ma kekahi ana wela ana. No ka laʻana, mea hao makanekiuma puhi wale i 2210 ° C. No ka mea, he nui ka'ā lapalapa mahana o ma kahi o 350 ° C. Mea hō'ā kaʻa hiki ihoiho a me kerosene ma 800 ° C ana i ka laau - mai 850 ° C i 950 ° C.

Ka uahi paka ua ho'āʻia lapalapa, i ka mahana o ka i loli aʻe mai ka 690 a hiki i 790 ° C a me ka propane-butane läÿau, - mai 790 ° C i 1960 ° C. Kakolina ignited ma 1350 ° C. Lapalapa ahi o ka umu ahi e ‰ ia mea i ole e oi aku 900 ° C. i ka wela