Ka 'ole o ka lysosomes a me kā lākou kūlana ma ke kelepona hele pūnao

Ke aeea hiki ke noʻonoʻo me ultramicroscopic ola 'ole, hāʻawi i nā hiʻona a pau hoʻomaopop' ana i loko o ke kino. Ke kelepona hele hehee wale kapa organelles, hana i ka hana o ka ÷ naehana hanu, reproductive, hoʻokaʻawale, digestion. Lysosomes - kekahi o nāʻano o nā organelles. Ka mea, e odnomembrannym hale a me kekahi 'oihana e pili ana i ka digestion o ka waiwai a me ka pau aeea nā kumumea i loko o ka cytoplasm. Ma keia pepa, ua hoʻopaʻa haʻawina o ka 'ole o ka lysosomes, a wehewehe i ko lākou kūlana ma ka hiki' ana o na keena.

Like hana organelles

Ia ho odnomembrannye vacuoles piha me ka digestive nā'ūhū, lysosomes i hanaʻia i loko o poʻina nalu Golgi eiiieaena , a ua kapa ia iniiaiie. Nā kaha ka mea, Haʻalele i ka mīkini i loko o ka halepaahao cytoplasm. Once poino lysosomes cytostructure hoʻomaka i ka hoʻokemu a uhai ia i ka ke aloha ia mea, hookipa mai lakou ia haumāna inoa.

ua piha kēia mau organelles me nā pāʻoihana o nā'ūhū hiki o cleavage o carbohydrate nā lātoma, glycolipids a me nā polokina. Mea kiʻekiʻe lysosomes i loaʻa ia biologically hana 'ona e like me proteases, lipases a me sulfurylase. Nā maloko o ka organelle ua pH emi o 7, mahope mai o ka luna nā'ūhū i hana i loko o kaʻakika 'ia. Organelles i hiki hoi ke endocytosis a pinocytosis. Ho okumu lysosomes hilinaʻi nui pili kēia i ka ho'ākāka 'ia i nā polokina i loko o ka halepaahao i hanaʻia ma luna o nā kaha o granular endoplasmic reticulum.

Ke Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o ka'ōpū mai' ole a me ka lysosomes

Hoomau ana i ka noiʻi i nā 'ano o nā lysosomes, noʻonoʻo pono i ka mea waiwai kuahene lākou maloko' ia. 'ūhū eiiieaena loaʻa i ka mea nui i: phosphorylase (pili mai'amino nāʻakika), glucosidase (hana ma ka monakō koko, kelulose, pia) a me ka lipase (hakakino hōʻoia 'ia ai ka make i ka momona,, steroid).

Iho organelleʻili lahilahi mea hoʻopale ai i ka luna i oleloia nā'ūhū. Ma kekahi mau hihia, e lilo ia i susceptible i kā lākou hana, e hiki aku ai i ka autolysis - pakiko-noho male 'ana o kaʻili lahilahi, no laila, uaʻano pākīkē waiwai mua ninini i loko o ka halepaahao cytoplasm. Ua hiki aku ai i kona pakiko-digestion.

organelle kuleana pili i

He mea maopopo loa ana nui keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o metabolic reactions ka paepaeʻana i ka hoʻolilo o ka neoneo mea a me na apana o ke kelepona hele nā hale, e like me ka wa kahiko mitochondria, ribosomes. High enzymatic ha awina o organelles ike i loko o ia mau keena, i kapa phagocytic. Ua mea ma luna o ka 'ole a pau o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana: basophils, macrophages, neutrophils, B lymphocytes. N lysosomes i loko o kēlā mau keena i lawa ka nui (mai i 0.5 microns). Ka mea, aia no iloko olaila nā'ūhū e like me ribonuclease, protease, DNase. Ua wehewehe ia 'ole like penei: aeee hiki o phagocytosis, a pipili kuhikuhi koʻohune a me ka mea hoʻomaʻi (particles) i loaʻa nā polokina, a ribonucleic nāʻakika.

Interestinglyʻano papa hana i hoʻolako proteolytic haʻawina organelles. Na (particles) a me nā lātoma i initially trapped vacuole. Me ka mea merges iniiaiie lysosome, a ke hookuu aku oia hydrolytic nā'ūhū. Ano keia organelle kapaia ka lysosome kiʻekiʻe hoʻomaka 'Imi hōʻuluʻulu loaa ma ka'ōpū maiʻia. Ke cleavage huahana hou eiei? I loko o na keena hyaloplasm a undigested koe waihonakala loko organelles, i ua manawa kapaia ke koena keena. Ka luna 'ole o nā lysosomes o nāʻano likeʻole, a wehewehe i ka papa kuhikuhiE mana o kēia mau ke kelepona hele nā hale.

Ke kūlana o nā organelles ma metabolic reactions o ke kanaka kino

Inā nā'ūhū ma na lysosomes hua lawa, aia no he shortage no ia, a hiki aku i ka loa hereditary maʻi, e like me metachromatic leukodystrophy. Ka 'ole o nā lysosomes ma keia pathology abnormally. I kā lākou'ōpū mai e nalowale 'ole i loko o ka AEeOEXAaI moku'āina sulfatase - hoʻopili akula nā'ūhū cerebrosides. E like me huahana o pūnao ma na keena o ka'emi'aʻaʻa, ka mea pono e hoolilo o, akā, no ka nele o kūpono nā'ūhū hiki aku ai i ka hoʻomāhuahua ana o kēia mau i huiʻia ma ka neuroglia a me ka hyaloplasm neurocytes. He kumu no kaʻawahia i loko o ka'emi'aʻaʻa i lilo 'o ka lolo a me ka spinal kaula. E like me ka hopena - ka hooulu ana o ke kino ai 'abnormalities a me ka noʻonoʻo' retardation.

Penei, odnomembrannye organelle kuleana no ka digestion o ka waiwai, pāʻani i ke kūlana loa nui ma ka aeea pūnao. Ma keia hana ua aʻo mākou i ka 'ole o lysosomes, ua loaʻa mākou i kā lākou mau manamana a me ka waiwai ma ka halepaahao ha awina, a me ka holoʻokoʻa kanaka kino me ka a pau.