Maʻi o ka maka. ʻike, a me ka lapaʻau.

Maka - o ka loa nani hui, i loko o ke kanaka kino. Ma keʻano o ke kanaka loaa 80% o ka 'ike a pau, mai ka waho ao nei. No laila, i poho o ka hihiʻo i loko o kekahi maka o kekahi mau mea i ka pōʻino nui no ka kela mea keia mea. Emi a lilo o ka hihiʻo ke'ākoʻakoʻa like me ka hopena o congenital a lilo kumumea.

Eye maʻi i hoʻolaha like penei:

1. congenital

i kekahi. genetically hoʻoholo

b. heritable

like me ka hopena o intrauterine maʻiʻaʻai

2. āpana

i kekahi. infectious a me ka hoʻoʻino

b. eha

ma. 'ōnaehana (pili me ka nui maʻi'ē aʻe)

o ka refraction (myopia, hyperopia)

I ka lā, 'ikepili helu o ia mea, ua lilo ka māhuahua pilikia no kaʻumi makahiki i hala, maʻi o ka maka. Me ka nui loa, a mahuahua nui o ka mea hiki wale mai o ka glaucoma a me cataracts i loko o nā mākua, a ua mahuahua me ka nui loa o ka pakeneka i waena o nā mamo a nearsightedness (myopia). Aie i ke kahe nui o ka hoʻopā 'ike no pa alima manawa, computerization kūpono' ana, ka hoʻonuiʻana hoʻokomo ea a me ka lewa hoʻoikaika kino enehana, a me ka hoʻohana 'ana o kekahi hawewe enehana ua me ka nui loa, a mahuahua nui o ka helu ana o kanaka me ka ulu a me ka ulu maloo maka maʻi pale. Mea, ma ka huli, pinepine hiki aku ai i kokololio luhi, cramps i loko o ka maka a me ka poho o ka hihiʻo ma ka ahiahi (presbyopia).

Naʻe, hoʻowahāwahā i ka ulu mea hiki wale mai holo 'awelika, ka mea e e hoʻomaopopo i ka hooulu ana o ka ophthalmology (ka' epekema e Haʻawina maʻi o ka maka o kānaka) i loko o nā makahiki nui hana lākou. Kēlā me kēia makahiki, ua nui a oi ike loea hou no kaʻike,, lapaau a me ka Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi o ka maka.

Ano, eia he nui helu o ka waiwai nā keʻena lāʻau lapaʻau i i lako pono me ka haole, ipu, a i ka manawa e hoʻomaka microsurgical ana ma ka pae kiʻekiʻe loa. No ka laʻana, cataractʻoki kino e kaili wale iwakalua minuke i keia la, akā, he kanaka hiki haʻalele i ka? Aaieou i ka ia lā i ka ike.

Ua E e olelo mai e pili ana i ke ki ina hana like o kaʻike,. I kēia lā, lapaʻau, he lako a pan e like me ultrasound maka, 'ōnohi coherence tomography (Oct), a leie aku oe e ike i ka maka hale a ma ka papa ma ka pae ana o nā'aʻaʻa, fundus pahupaʻiwikiō, me ka i oe e ike i ka pau kiʻi o ka fundus, a kiʻi i ia.

I loko nō o ka mea i ka maka maʻi ana mea ole ona e, kanaka e ho'āʻo hiki a pau mau aoao, e hookoe mai i ua hihio, a ua ae aku e uku i kekahi dala, pono e nana i keia ao.

Lapaʻau o nā maʻi o ka maka.

Ma hua'ōlelo o ka iapaau ana o ophthalmic pharmaceuticals, a striding ka lele pūʻana a me ka pale a kēlā me kēia makahiki, e paka hou ai 'i kekahi hoola hiki ole ana i ka hooulu ana o ka maka mai.

Ma ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau kuai he mea he nuiʻano o kekahi maka kulu, me ka hinu a me huaale no na maka, me nā wikamina.

Aia etiotrop ai '(huli' ana ma ka aoao o) ka mākaʻikaʻi, ia antibacterials (Tobrex, maksitrol), Anati-allergic (Opatanol, alomid), antiinflammatory (Maksideks).

Ano, i loaa mai ai ka nui hoi o ka makana ai 'e ho'ēmi i intraocular puʻe (IOP) ma ka glaucoma, e like me Travatan, Duotrav, Betoptik, Azopt, Kuzimolol etc.

No ka iapaau ana o kela degenerative loli ma ka retina (retinopathy o prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, lāʻau kū-traumatic dystrophy,ʻike ākea a kikowaena retina), i loko o nā mākua a me nā keiki noi Retinalamin hou lāʻau e hoʻolako stimulation e noho (hoihoi hou) o ka halepaahao o ka retina 'ole.