Mea hoʻomaʻi varicella-zoster - He aha ka mea? Herpes zoster: lapaʻau, kumu, Symptoms

Chickenpox, a, oi pono, puʻupuʻu makani, maʻa i aneane na noho o ka Honua. Ua uku mai i ka melodious nā mea hoʻomaʻi kapa varicella-zoster, e wehe ae i ka 1911. Ua i oi ma mua o ke kenekulia hope ia mamao manawa. Varicella ua aʻo i ka lōʻihi a me ka laula, akā, e lawe pio ia a hiki i ke kanaka ke ole. Kena ae la ia e keia maʻi mea hoʻomaʻi, aole ia e hōʻike i ka e pololei ai nui, no ka mea, o ka make, mai ia 1 100 tausani hihia, a hiki laila ole mai lakou ia lakou iho, akā, mai complications kena ae la ia e ia. Here i loko o kēia mau complications a me ka hoopunipuni mea. Varicella-zoster mea hoʻomaʻi mea hiki ke komo i loko o ke koko, i loko o ka lymph, ma na mea he nui nenoai o ka meaola. I hoʻokuke aku ai ia mai ka mea hiki ole i ke. Once hoʻolauna i loko o ko mākou kino, ka parasite kālele me mākou a mau loa aku.

Kiʻi o ka mea hoʻomaʻi

Varicella-zoster Varicellovirus e pili ana i ka genus kikowaena 17? Ueo. Mawaena o lakou i ka poe i kekahi mau holoholona a me nā manu aloha ia wale, akā, ma laila nō hoʻokahi wale nō kanaka. Mau mea e hopohopo nei, a ike ia noonoo ia e mākou "zoster". I ka hua'ōlelo 'o ia hoʻi i loko o Greek "kāʻei" i Hōʻike' i ke kumu o lesions, malama loa pinepine ia.

Hopu ia mai puaʻa, ka moa, ilio, a hiki ole nā holoholona e. Ma kūwaho hoʻi taxonomy o infectious pathogens ka mea, ua kapaʻia hōʻike 'alphaherpesvirus 3rd type. A pau nā mea hoʻomaʻi i microscopically uuku, akā, kēlā i kona mau kū hoʻokahi "maka". Ke microscope hōʻike mai i ka varicella-zoster hoʻokino a paha kānaka'ololaha, i he kāna mau 'ōlelo iloko olaila o ka DNA, a me ka iwi paa ana spines i ka luna' nā polokina. Mua hitting i ke kino o ka luahi, ka mea hoʻomaʻi kumu o ka maʻi chickenpox.

Aoao o ka maʻiʻaʻai

Varicella-zoster mea hoʻomaʻi wale iho mailoko o kānaka,ʻAmelika, o ke keiki o ke kamaliʻi, a kula keiki. A oi loa kiʻekiʻe helu o nā mea palahēhē i loko o na kula, kindergartens, i loko o kekahi helu nui o eiiaiaeu. Alanui - airborne (kiheʻana, me ka puʻu) a me ka kui. mau hana Oe, i hiki ke helu i na tausani o nā tausani o nā mea hoʻomaʻi i loko o ke kino o ka maʻi keiki. A pau kēia mau Oe moku hoʻi iaʻu, a me pathogens exudate mai i loko o ka papa, a hiki komo i ke kino o ke ola i ke kanaka maʻino lima, nā mea a kinoʻia, e like me ka lima Haalulu iho. Grace nā mea hoʻomaʻi ke ola wale nō i loko o na keena o ko lākou nāna, nolaila, i waho, e kūlana. Ka mea, hiki wawe ka pepehi i kekahi disinfecting pāʻoihana, hoolapalapa, i kekahi detergents.

symptoms

Ua komo i loko o ko kākou kino varicella-zoster ma ka waha, a ua waihoia ma ka mucous membranes. Lanakila 'o ia i ko lakou mua "bridgehead", e hoʻolauna nā mea hoʻomaʻi i loko o limfososudy, koko, maʻiʻaʻai, ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana a me ka autonomic, spinal kaula keena. Penetrating i loko o kēia mau kino, e hoʻomaka e paʻi, a ua E ka Haku e ia i loko o ke kino, e kauoha ana maʻi. Mai ka manawa o ka maʻiʻaʻai a hiki i ka mea mua symptoms ke lawe 14 lā a oi. I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptom o chickenpox o keʻano o nā Oe i loko o ka poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole i nā mea a pau ma ke kino. Ma mua, nana aku la lakou e like ulaula nodules, akā koke ulu i ka nui o ka ń poʻo ai ka apana uuku na emi. Ka mea, ma lalo o ka lahilahi ili mea translucent exudate. I ka wā o nā Oe moku hoʻi iaʻu, ka mea, penei exudate, a noho ma ka ili mai hehe, oiai ka desiccation huli i pehu pala.

Ke ana wela i ka maÿi preschoolers kākaʻikahi e pii ai i ka kiʻekiʻe cia, a, e like me ka rula, ua paʻa i loko o ka wahi o ka 37,5 ° C, pinepine i malama na hoailona o ka intoxication, akā, i ke keiki hiki e capricious, hōʻole i kaʻai, e e sluggish. Mua na keiki (7-12 makahiki) i ae chickenpox mea i kekahi mau mea hou huikau, eia nae ka mea, i ka maʻi ke hana i loko o ka 'ano oluolu ano me ka haʻahaʻa-papa kuni, a me ka manao o ka manao.

Varicella lapuwale ia pilikia mea i loko o nā mea maʻi o nā makahiki ikaika itches. Keiki me ka maneo, a haehae iho la i ka pńpa, haalele i kou ili wa e ola mark-ospinki.

Ma nā mākua, iniiaiie chickenpox, ka maʻi i oi loa. Lākou i hāliu aku:

• nawaliwali;
• headache;
• kiʻekiʻe wela nā hoailona;
• kino aches;
• hiamoe ka haunaele;
• kekahi manawa, nausea i ka luaʻi, a me ka 'aʻe' ana o ka noho.

Chickenpox i ka hapai keiki o na wahine a me nā pēpē i

Iwaena o hapai chickenpox diagnosed kākaʻikahi (i oi aku mamua o 5%), mai ka hapanui o kona expectant makuwahine chickenpox i kamalii, a me ke kino i hiki ke hoʻoikaika i nā mea'aʻaʻa e varicella-zoster mea hoʻomaʻi. Keiki i 6 mahina, ka mea no hoi i ka palekana i ka mea hoʻomaʻi. No ia mea, grudnichki chickenpox kokoke mai e maʻi.

Eia naʻe, ina ka iniiaiie maʻiʻaʻai o ka puʻupuʻu mea hoʻomaʻi hanaʻia i loko hāpai keiki, he mea kekahi kamepiula e iho mailoko o ia, a me ka hua (8%). Inā ke ahulau mai ai i loko o ka trimester mua, a me ka 5% o nā keiki i e kekahi mau congenital malformations (convulsions, lōlō, rudimentary lima,'āno'ē helehelena a me nā loko). A hiki i ka maʻi i loko o ka lua o ka trimester me 2% deviations hanau keiki, oiai hookahi mai na hihia i loko o ke kolu o ka trimester.

Akā, inā i ka makuahine, Ua maʻi me ka moa pox i elima mau lā ma mua haawi paha i loko o nā lā ma hope o ka mea, i chickenpox keiki i loaa mai loa paʻakikī, paha i make.

ʻike, varicella-zoster, IgG, IgM a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kino

Muaʻike, o ka "moa pox" Ua ala hou visually. A lawe mai kauka i ka moʻo o ka ho'āʻo e loaʻa mai i ke ano o ka mea hoʻomaʻi, kena ae la i ka maʻi a me ka mea iā ia i loko o ke kino hoʻomōhala nā mea'aʻaʻa. Hoikehonua, lapaʻau 'nā:

• Haukaʻe i mai una o ka lua.
• A koko ho'āʻo e hooholo i ke 'ano o ka mea hoʻomaʻi.
• Ka Ikepili o ka exudate Oe.
• Lāʻau lapaʻau kino ho'āʻo hui IgM, a i hanaʻia, ke aneane koke ma hope o ka hoouka kaua ana o ka maʻi i loko o ka mālama '-B lymphocytes, a me ke koko ma luna o' akomi i ka 4th lā o ka maʻi. A laila e hoomanawanui i ho'āʻo nā mea'aʻaʻa a me nā pūʻulu. IgG nā mea'aʻaʻa aiee ulu lohi, akā, lohi hoemiia pū ma hope o ka nalowale ana o hiki symptoms o ka maʻi a me ka palaho. Ka mea, o ko lakou waiwai ua hoʻohana 'ia no kaʻike, o kekahi ano o ka maʻi maʻi puʻuwai.

lapaʻau

Nō kāu, chickenpox nā mea maʻi i hospitalized. House ia e alualu ana i kekahi papa o antiviral ai '( "Acyclovir", "brivudine", "gerpevir"), ma ka hoike ana i hoakaka ia antipyretics, antihistamines, a rashes a pau haukaʻe me ka uliuli HW ole fukortsinom. E hōʻoi 'e hoʻonele kauka i aie me nā wikamina a me kaʻai.

Ke kino ua maʻi no ka wa e ola ana nō nā mea'aʻaʻa i ka mea hoʻomaʻi varicella-zoster, a i hoomaluia mai reinfection. Holo nōhie kēia lāʻau lapaʻau kino IgG pūʻulu, akā, i ia manawa, a me ka hui IgA, IgM. MA IgA ilikai paka ua me ka nui loa ma ka 4th mahina ma hope o ka maʻi. Holo nōhie mucous membranes ka mea, hoomalu, a na nā loko hoolilo 20% o nā mea a pau nā mea'aʻaʻa. IgM o ka huina immunoglobulins ka 10% a me ka 75% IgG. Ka mea, i wale hiki ke hele ma ke keiki (i ke aloha i kona olelo hoopomaikai nui), a me ka haawi aku e hoʻonele i ka fetus i loko o ka opu.

complications

No ka mea, ma hope o chickenpox i loko o ke kino i loko o kānaka i nā mea'aʻaʻa e varicella-zoster mea hoʻomaʻi IgG, hookipa mai lakou ia lifelong e hoʻonele. Complications o ka maʻi i loko o maʻamau keiki hiki e maʻiʻaʻai, helu ma scratches papules. A loa nawaliwali keiki e hiki complications:

• pneumonia (symptoms: cough, wela, cyanosis o kaʻili, pokole o ka hanu);
• Encephalitis (symptoms: headache, kuni, convulsions, lilo o ka ōhumu, nausea);
• bursitis;
• arthritis;
• thrombophlebitis.

Ma nā mākua, ma ke kāʻei kua o ka chickenpox hiki hoʻomōhala:

• laryngitis;
• tracheitis;
• meningitis;
• encephalitis;
• hepatitis;
• arthritis;
• erysipelas;
• abscesses, cellulitis, streptoderma.

Shingles kumu o

Ua maʻi ua i haawi ia ia e like me "shingles." Varicella-zoster mea hoʻomaʻi, hookahi trapped i loko o ke kino, e hoʻomau i ka noho i loko o ka latent (AEeOEXAaI) moku'āina i loko o ke aʻalolo keena ma ka spinal kaula, i loko o ka cranial nā aʻalolo i loko o ka ganglia (he mau huhui o neurons) o ka'emi ko kahua. Oiai na kanaka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana mea ikaika, ka mea noho mālie a me ka mai ole i pōpilikia. Akā, i ka wā i ke kino hoʻonāwaliwali, nā mea hoʻomaʻi loaʻa ho'ā '. E like me ka hopena, i ka hou moa pox 'ole e hana, akā, he kanaka hoʻomaka' ē maʻi - shingles, Ua haawiia no ka waeʻano o infectious maʻi, a hōʻike mai i ke ano poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole ma luna o ke kino.

kumu:

• surgeries, nā palapū a me nā maʻi, a me huʻi naehana nā mea palahēhē, maʻi palū;
• ko mākou hopohopo stress;
• ilihune kona mea e like ai;
• hana, a no ka maluhiluhi kino;
• ilihune ola ana;
• maʻi ahulau, a haawi relapses;
• hāpai keiki;
• hypothermia;
• hui, transplantation;
• kekahi lapaʻauʻia e uhi i ka'ōnaehana paleʻea oihana;
• wa elemakule.

symptoms

Shingles IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ia lŘlŘ i loko o nā mākua akā, i loko o frail keiki i chickenpox, ka mea hiki ke diagnosed no hoi. Kona papa kuhikuhiE pilikia makapō symptoms mea lapuwale ia ma luna o ke kino, eʻano nui aia ma laila, ma ke aʻalolo nui ilpko o. Me herpes kokoke i ka ihu, a ma luna o nā lehelehe o keia maʻi i mea e hana ai, e like me kekahi mea hoʻomaʻi i kapa ia Ka Ikepili E hoike mai. Mea hoʻomaʻi varicella-zoster, noho ku okoa ana mai ka malama ana ia lakou i loko o ponopono e hoʻonele, mńlie mai ke aʻalolo keena, a kuhikuhi lākou axons i nā manaʻo kōkua o nā aʻalolo. Hiki i ka pahuhopu, ka mea e hookomo ana ili maʻiʻaʻai. Symptoms-precursors:

• wela;
• unexplained luhi, a me ka malaise;
• hemahema o ka ikaika;
• i ka nalowaleʻana o ka ikaika loa ka makemake;
• ka eha, a me ka maneo (kekahi manawa na tingling) i loko o ke kula o ka wā e hiki mai pele.

Symptoms ma ka piko o ka maʻi.

• wawe ma ka palapala o Oe me ka aniani moakaka exudate;
• pehu lymph aka wahi;
• neuralgicʻeha (a paha e mehana a ikaika);
• subfebrile wela ma luna;
• na hoailona o ka intoxication.

Maʻi mau, mai ka pule a hiki i ka mahina.

Mea Maluna maʻano o ka poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole

Varicella-zoster ke hoouka aku kekahi mau wahi o ke kino, a nolaila, maopopo ma waena o kēia mauʻano o nā shingles:

• Ophthalmic (pepehi ophthalmic lala o ka trigeminal nā aʻalolo i loko o ia mea, ke hoʻopilikia maoli i ka cornea). Hoikeia aku ai e kaʻeha i loko o ka maka, i ka haule ana o ka Hawaii, he poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole ma luna o ka luakini, a puni na maka.
• Ramsay-Hunt maʻi pale (luku ma mimic nāʻiʻo, poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole i malama ma ka moʻolelo o ka lua, a me ka pepeiao Canal).
• Pake (myotomes he nui a me dermatomes, e hoomanawanui i ohumu o ka loa eha ma ka lālā nāʻiʻo o ka forearm).

E like me ka papa o ka maʻi hoomaopopo i kēia mau 'ano:

• abortifacient (me ka eha, a me ka wikiwiki);
• cystic (wawe nui loa);
• kahe ana ke koko (koko makana i loko o ka exudate Oe);
• Necrotic (papules ana ma luna o ka wahi o ka ili necrosis);
• generalized (poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole i nā mea a pau ma luna o ke kino).

lapaʻau '

Clinically a visually shingles mua o ka poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole i mea pinepine kuhihewa no ka appendicitis, angina, pleurisy a me nā maʻi. hoʻomaka keʻena hoʻokolohua Ka Ikepili ina e pono ai. Varicella-zoster hoike aku kokololioʻike,, mea e ninaninau i nā Eia kekahi laʻana ma lalo o ka microscope. Kekahi hoʻohana immunofluorescence a me serological ki ina hana like. Ka Uluwehi O Ke keʻena hoʻokolohua haʻawina lawe mai i loko o ka kēia hihia.

• Grudnichki-nā mea maʻi;
• keiki immunodeficiency Hawaii;
• atypical herpes;
• huikau papa o ka maʻi.

Ma na keiki, mailoko o loko o ka opu, e loaʻa i loko o ka helu nui o nā mea'aʻaʻa varicella-zoster IgG nā mea'aʻaʻa a me IgM. Differentiation ua hanaʻia e PCR. Kēia naoh kekahi kōkua e kuhikuhi i ka mea hoʻomaʻi i loko o ka wa e kaawale aku o ka poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole ma luna o kaʻili a me kona alo i ka na nā loko.

Lapaʻau o herpes zoster

Inā ka Ikepili ua maikaʻi - varicella-zoster diagnosed me 100% oiaio. Ma hope o ia, ke kauka e hoʻoholo i ka iapaau ana algorithm. Au pono aku nei au i ke keiki kanaka shingles hele ole ai ', akā, e minamina iʻai a me ka moe koena. Lapaau hiki oia i ke ola a me ka pale complications, e like me ka wehe i ka eha a me ka wela, ina kekahi.

Antiviral hoakaka ia i nā mea maʻi mua ma mua o 50 makahiki, nui kuʻuʻia, i ae poino a me kaʻoki kino, e loaa ana mai ka maʻi illnesses, a me nā keiki. Prevalent ai '- ka "Acyclovir" "Famciclovir", "Valacyclovir", a iwaena o na painkillers "Ibuprofen", "Ketoprofen", "naproxen" a me analogues. No hoi ma ka hoike ana i hoakaka ia anticonvulsants, antidepressants, corticosteroids. I ka iho mailoko me ka varicella-zoster maka a me / ai ole ia me ka hoʻomanawanui ua hospitalized lolo.

complications

Ua, ua hoike i loko o 28% ola mai shingles. E hoomanawanui i ohumu o:

• blurred hihiʻo;
• lohe poho;
• pinepine a me ka unexplainable headaches;
• spontaneously e hōʻike 'pōniuniu;
• kino soreness ma hope o ka nalowaleʻana o ka poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole.

No kekahi nā mea maʻi e hoʻomōhala cardiac a / aʻaʻa puʻuwai insufficiency, kahe complication o oncological maʻi, makapo, kuli, pōʻino i ka lolo, a / ai spinal kaula'aʻaʻa.

Ka Zostavax laʻau koʻokoʻo ua papahana like me ka kāohi ana. Kona laulā ua hoʻokūpaʻa empirically, like me 50%.