Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia ana o "Eugene Onegin", huahana Ka Ikepili

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia ana o "Eugene Onegin" - "i ka hua o ka naau a me ka naau o ke anu nānā kaumaha hoolaha" - he poʻokela Lūkini Classic Aleksandrom Sergeevichem Pushkinym 'aʻole e nana e like me ka blitzkrieg. Hana noʻeau i hana ka evolutionary haku mele, omaka kona muli ma ke ala o ka realism. A puke ma ka pauku me ka hanana ma ke akamai o ka hanana kŰia. Prior i ka mea, i loko o ke ao nei moʻokalaleo i kākau i loko o ka hookahi ano moʻokalaleo, wale i kekahi mea like - pilialoha hana o George Gordon Byron ka "Don Juan".

Ka mea kākau hoʻoholo e brainstorm

Pushkin hele aku la ia i ka nui o Pelekāne - realism. I keia manawa, no ka haku mele i hoonoho i ka pahu hopu - e hōʻike i kekahi kanaka e hiki ke malama i ka hōʻeleu no ka hou 'ana o Rusia. Alexander, kaʻana like manaʻo o ka Decembrists, ike i ka'āina nui e neʻe e like me ka locomotive, me he ala make-pau ana i alakai i ka poe malu i ka systemic hoʻoponopono ulia.

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia ana o "Eugene Onegin" ua ho'ākāka 'titanic poetic hana i loko o ka manawa, mai May 1823 a hiki i September 1830 ka makakū reinterpretation o ka Lūkini ike maopopo ana o ka hapaha mua o ka XIX kenekulia. Ka puke ma ka pauku, ke ahaʻia ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao eha o kaʻike hoʻokumu Alexander Pushkin: hema nā loulou (. 1820 - 1824 GG), No ka "ole-autocratic e waiho ana i ka waiwai Mikhailovskoye" (1824 - 1826 GG.), I ka manawa ma hope o ka loulou -, (1826 1830 GG.) boldins (1830)

LIKE Pushkin ka "Eugene Onegin": i ka mōʻaukala o ka honua nei

Young Pushkin, he puka o ka Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, ma na olelo o ka Emperor Alexander I, «Rusia ua waikahe me ka outrageous poem", hoomaka ae la oia kākau i kona puke, oiai e noho ana i loko o ke pioʻana i loko o Chisinau (mililani aku i ka uwao o ka hoa escorting i Siberia, ua käpae '). Ma keia manawa ka mea, ua i ke kiʻi o Lūkini ka hoʻonaʻauao aku i wa opiopio.

Nolaila, au hooikaika e hana i ke kiʻi o ka meʻe o kona manawa. I kana hana, oia imi painfully ka pane ana i ka ninau o ka mea e ia i ka lawe ana o hou manaʻo, ka mea nāna i hana o ka hou Rusia.

Ke kaiapili-yeiiiie? I loko o ke aupuni

E noonoo oe i ka nohona 'ia i loko o i ka puke i hanaia. Rusia lanakila ma ka 1812 kaua. Ua haawi nui impetus i ka makemake lehulehu no ka liberation mai feudal kupee. Mua o na kanaka a pau ake aku no ka abolition o serfdom. Ua i kona liberation inevitably entailed i ka hoʻokumu 'ana o mana o ka mō'ī. Hana koke ma hope o ke kaua, ke kaiāulu kiai luna i ka makahiki 1816, ma St. Petersburg hoolilo Decembrist "Union o ke ola." hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka "Union o lāua nohoʻana" i ka 1818 ma Moscow. Mau Decembrists i ka hoʻolālā 'Imi ka pilina i ke kahua o ka lokomaikai hoi o ka lehulehu manao, a kali no ka manawa pono no ka coup. Mawaena o ka Decembrists poe o ka hailona Pushkin mau hoa o ka. He kaʻana i ko lakou manao.

Rusia, ua mua lilo i ka 'ike' Eulopa aina me ka heluna o ma kahi o 40 miliona kanaka i loko o ka mea oo hoi e pana aku o ka moku'āina capitalism. Eia naʻe, kona aneiai ola ua paa hoi oe ana kumu o ka feudalism, aristocratic landowning a me ka poe kuai papa. Mau nohona pūʻulu, ke kiʻekiʻe o losing ke kaupaonaʻana lehulehu, ua paa nae ka ikaika, a hoʻohana 'ia no ka ho ololi i ke ola ana o ka moku'āina, hiki i ka feudal ana i loko o ke aupuni. Ka mea, he poe koa e ae o ke kaiāulu kūkuluʻia ma luna o obsolete Ana i ka maikai, loina hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o Rusia XVIII kenekulia.

Aia he ano hiʻona o ka nohona a me ka yeiiiie? Ulia o ka pau lehulehu. Ke aupuni o ka hale he nui pono-hoʻonaʻauao kanaka ka poe i ike i ka ulu pono hoopai loli nui a me nā mea hoʻololi i. Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia ana o "Eugene Onegin" hoomaka me kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino aversion puni i ka haku mele, ma na olelo a Aleksandra Nikolaevicha Ostrovskogo, "i ka pouli aupuni"

I ala ma hope o ka hoʻonui ikaika i haawiia mai e Peter I, a me ka dynamism i ka noho alii ana o Empress Ana II, Rusia i ka hoʻomaka o ka XIX kenekulia ka meheu o ia i ka uuku ae o? Acaeoey. I ka manawa o ke kākau 'ana,ʻaʻole Pushkin ka kaulana puke ma ka aina ua i na aeaciui ai, a hiki i kona muliwai mai i lana mau moku, a me ka tausani tausani o kona hana a me ka loea kanaka i nakinaki aku la ia ma na wawae lima a me ka mea paʻa o ka serfdom.

Mōʻaukala "Evgeniya Onegina" ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i ka mōʻaukala o Rusia ma ke kakahiaka XIX kenekulia.

Onegin stanza

Me ka nānā 'Alexander, "Russian Mozart o poetry", reacted i kana hana ana iho. He Ua ulu i ka hou moʻo o ka pauku ua hōʻike hewa i kākau i ka puke ma ka pauku.

No laila, i nā hua'ōlelo kahe e like me ka waikahe mea i paa ole, a me ka mea kūkulu. Kela a me keia heʻumikumamāhā nā lālani Iambic Tetrameter e pili ana ma ka pau Onegin ke kumu holoholomoku. Ma keia rhyming kūpono ma ka puke, a me ka mea like penei: CCddEffEgg (kapikala palapala ho i kahi feminine a hāʻule pahū wale a me ka lowercase - kane).

Oiaio no, o ka mōʻaukala o "Eugene Onegin" puke - o ka moʻolelo o ka hanaia'na o ka Onegin stanza. Ia mea ma ka loli iki na Verses ka mea kākau ka holomua 'ana i loko o kona hana, e ho okumu i ka mea like o ka Aina, na pauku a me nā mokuna lele mai kekahi kumuhana i kekahi, hoʻololi i ke kaila o ka hōʻike o nā manaʻo ma ka hōʻeuʻeu kūpono' ana o ka'āina. Penei, o ka mea kākau hana i ka manaʻo o ka nanea wale kamaʻilio me kāu mea heluhelu.

Roman - "i ka ohi ana i motley mokuna"

He aha kipaku kanaka, e kākau hana o kona hanauna, a o kona'āina maoli? No ke aha ia ka mea i hāʻawi mai i kēia hana loa, e hana ana me he mea i uluhia e?

I ka moolelo o ka "Eugene Onegin" puke i mua subordinated i ka mea kākau: e ho okumu i ka puke ma ka pauku, haku o ka 9 hookaawale mokuna. ma na hana o Alexander Sergeyevich poe akamai i kapa ia "e wehe ae manawa" aie i ka mea i kela mea keia mea o kona poo - kuokoa, a me ka i, ma kona kūloko ma ke kūpili e hoʻokō i ka hana, nae ka mea, ua hoomau ma ka mokuna aʻe. His Contemporary - Russian moʻokalaleo Kumu Nikolay Ivanovich Nadezhdin - panina hōʻike haawiia "Evgeniya Onegina"ʻaʻole me he huahana me kaʻoʻoleʻa Logical 'ole, akā, e aho, e like me kekahi poetry puke noke hoopihaia kauoha olinolino iridescent anuenue tālena.

About na mokuna o ka puke

Mokuna o "Eugene Onegin" paʻi mai ka makahiki 1825 a hiki i 1832. me ka mea i kākau, a paʻiʻia i loko o ka palapala, ai anthologies a me Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke. Lakou e kali la, i kela mea keia mea o lakou i ka maoli kekahi hanana i loko o ka nohona kuʻuna o Rusia.

Naʻe, i kekahi o ia mau mea hoʻolaʻa a hiki i ka hele ana o ka protagonist i ka oihana koa ana kokoke Odessa? Aeia i loaʻa ka noho pilikia i ka pono, o ka ka makaia o mea kākau koho i ka haalele i mea e pale aku reprisals e ku e ia lakou iho, a laila, luku kona wale puke.

Pono loa ia hana, ma hope hana ma luna o kona "Kauka Zhivago" Boris Leonidovich Pasternak, kekahi palapala aku o kona hanauna Mihail Aleksandrovich Sholohov. Pushkin iho la ia i kona makahiki nui ma mua o ehiku o ka hana ma luna o ia puke ma ka pauku feat.

protagonist

Description Evgeniya Onegina, e like me ka moʻokalaleo, ka nani a ke kanaka o Peter Yakovlevich Chaadaev - mea kākau o ka "Philosophical palapala". He He ano me ka ikaika ikehu, a ua hoʻonohoʻia a puni i ka'āina o ka puke, a me ka 'ē aʻe huapalapala e hoike ana ia lakou iho. Pushkin kakau iho la no ia, me he "maikai hoaaloha." Eugene loaa i ka hoʻonaʻauao panina o ke aliʻi, pono devoid o "Lūkini-pono." A inā paha ka mea kuni i ka lena, akā, he anu manao, oia ka ke kanaka malamalama i kēia kekahi o nā manaʻo a me nā prejudices. Ke ola o Evgeniya Onegina mea hiki ole no ia. Ma ka kekahi lima, ia mea malihini i kaʻoihana o ke ao nei,ʻo ia ikaika criticizes ia; a ma ka kekahi - ia mea malalo iho o ia kona keiki. Ke meʻe hiki ole ke kapaia heʻeleu, e makemake ana ia ia mea he akamai kilo.

Ua nā hiʻona i ke kiʻi o Onegin

Kona kiʻi - lono kaumaha. Mua,ʻo ia hiki ole ke ku i ka hoao ana o ke aloha. Eugene Hoolohe i ka kumu, akā,ʻaʻole i kona naau. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia i hanohano ka, haahaa haawiia keia i ke Tatiana, e haawi ana ia i ka ike i ka mea hiki ole hāʻule i loko o ke aloha.

ʻO ka lua,ʻo ia hiki ole ke ku i ka hoao ana o ke aloha. Reuʻela,ʻo ia a me kona mau hoa, 18-makahiki-kahiko keiki pilialoha Lensky, oia blindly hahai i ka manaÿo o ka malamalama. He mea kohu kūpono e hoʻonāukiuki zloyazychie kahiko inveterate duelist Zaretsky ma mua o pau loa naʻaupō nei paha me Vladimir. Ma ke ala, Pushkin haumana, kńnaka manaoio i ka opiopio Kuchelbecker prototype Lena.

Tatiana Larina

I ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka inoa o Tatiana ma Eugene Onegin puke i ka ike-pehea mai Pushkin. No, ma ka hoʻomaka o ke XIX kenekulia, Ua noonoo iho la konaʻena a me ka pili 'keia inoa. A, o ka pouli-piʻipiʻi, a heʻehu, noʻonoʻo, unsociable, ka mea i kupono i ke ao nei o ka nani ideals. Tatiana (e like me ka mea kākau o ka puke) aloha hoolaʻi kaʻao, a oia generously hai aku la i ke kahu. Naʻe, i kona kū kuko i heluhelu puke.

Ka puke o ka huapalapala

Kaawale mai o ka luna i paʻapū ai-i ka papa kuhikuhiE huapalapala i ka mea heluhelu i nā haumāna. Mau puke "Eugene Onegin" kiʻi mai e hana i ka'āina lā, akā, hoʻokō ia. He Tatiana ka kaikuahine Olga, ka ipu socialite lede, a ua i loko o ke aloha Vladimir Lensky. Ke kiʻi o ke kahu Tatiana, he akamai o ka poʻe kānaka kaʻao, ua he ahuwale prototype - ke kahu o Alexander Sergeyevich, Arina Rodionovna. Kekahi inoa meʻe o ka puke o ka lilo ana Tatyanoy Larinoy ma hope o ke kuha me kana kane Evgeniem Oneginym - "nui-nui".

Koa konohiki ina i laweia i Roma Pushkina o ka Lūkini Classics 'ē aʻe. This Skotinin ( "Oaf" Fonvizin), a me ka Brawlers ( "pilikia hoalauna" V. L. Pushkina).

o ke kanaka

I ka lani kiekie loa, e hoolea ana no Alexander Pushkin i ka helu i haawiia mai ma ka mokuna mua o "Evgeniya Onegina" ma ka ke kanaka, a me ka haku mele, noonoo iho la i kona mau kumu - Vasiliem Andreevichem Zhukovskim. Manao ua loa laconic: "E - o ka mua ma ka Russian Parnassus ..."

Encyclopedic puke ma ka pauku hōʻike pono 'ia i ka Lūkini ike maopopo o ka hoʻomaka o ka XIX ke kenekulia, ua hoike mai i ka aoao o ke ola, i ke ano, i ka nohona kūlana o kekahi mau nāʻoihana o ke kaiāulu: St.-Petersburg kiʻekiʻe hui, ka Moscow aliʻi, landowners, landowners a me nā kauwa. Paha pela, akā, no hoi, no ka ka mea kauoha aupuni a me ka wiwi 'ia Pushkin i loko o kāna hana, nā loina, aoao, mau kino,' ole o ia manawa ka palapala, ai manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni Vissarion Belinsky haawi aku la ia ia i ka hulina ano o ka 'hana i loko o ka lahui kaulana "a me ka" Russian puke noiʻi kūʻikena o Life. "

Pushkin makemake e hoʻololi i ka'āina

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia ana o "Eugene Onegin" - o ka evolution o ka ui haku mele, ka mea i lawe 23 makahiki no global hana. A ina ma ka Aina, e like hoi e pana aku (hoomanao incognito paʻi puke Aleksandra Radischeva "Holoʻana mai St. Petersburg a hiki i Moscow") koke ana, i ka realism ma poetry i ka manawa ua i ke kanalua HOU.

Ke kumumanao hope loa o na hana i hana wale ia e ka mea kākau i ka 1830. He ua clumsy a me ka pepe. E hana i kahiko paa manaʻo nei ke i kona hanaia'na, Alexander hoʻoholo ihola e hoouna aku ai Evgeniya Onegina e kaua i loko o ka Caucasus, a e hoohuli ia i loko o ka Decembrists. Akā, Eugene Onegin - ka meʻe o ka puke ma ka pauku - hana e Pushkin i loko o kekahi hoʻoulu manaʻo, like "me ka ohi ana o motley mokuna", a me keia mea kona kaʻume.

ka hopena

"Eugene Onegin" mea he huina hoonui o ka mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Lūkiniʻoia iʻo puke i loko o ke kumu holoholomoku. He He hiʻona'āina no ka XIX kenekulia. Ka puke, ua 'ike' ia e ke kaiāulu kanaka, e like me ka mälie mahalo. Encyclopedic hōʻikeʻano Russian e pili hale ma loko me ka kiʻekiʻe artistry.

Eia naʻe, e like me ka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, i ka papa kuhikuhi ano o kēia puke nō mea ole Onegin, a me ke kumu o ka hana. Keia anoʻAʻohe definite shape. Kēiaʻano o ka makapo kahi no ka mea heluhelu.

Alexander hana i loko o ka kikokikona kėia manawa ma ka loulou, i ka i ana ia ia "kekahi maka'āinana o ka North", etc. Pushkin mea invisibly noho i loko o nā mea a pau o ka hana, hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo no ka ka mea heluhelu akaaka, animates ka moʻolelo. Kona kaha puana'ī e hitting i ke kui ma ke poo.

Hopena i hooholoiaʻi e Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin nānā 'ia ma ka lua o ka piha paiia o kona puke ma ka pauku i ka 1937 (ka mua ua i ka 1833), ua mortallyʻeha ma luna o ka Black River kokoke ka Commandant ka mahinaʻai. Holo 5000 kope? Oaony e kuai ma ka makahiki. Eia naʻe, ua kuai lilo mai ia mea heluhelu no ka hebedoma. I ka wā e hiki mai Classics o Lūkini moʻokalaleo, hoʻokahi no kona manawa, wahi a ka makakū huli o Alexander. A pau o ia i ho'āʻo ana e hana i kekahi meʻe o kona manawa. A Mikhail Lermontov i loko o ke kiʻi Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Pechorina ( "Hero no Our Time"), a me Ivan Goncharov i loko o ke kiʻi Ili Oblomova ...