Nikolai Martynov, Lermontova make i loko o ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia M. Yu:. Kawaihae

Just 4 makahiki ma hope o Pushkin ka make lulu iho la ia Rusia paa i ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia ma waena o M. Yu. Lermontovym a me ka hoʻomaha Major Nikolai Martynov. E like me ka hopena, i ka haku mele i pepehi a me kekahi hou aku i komo ana o ke kaua aku me ka ekolu-malama hopu a me ka sacramental. ʻOiai ka hope Reuʻela,ʻo ia Lermontov, a pau i loko o kona make ana, i wahi no 175 makahiki aku nei, Ua nō Makamae hoopaapaa e pili ana ina ole paha NS Martynov pana i ke kanaka nana i hookuu i ka pu i loko o ka lewa, i mea. E. hana i ka pepehi kanaka.

me Kinohi

E pono maopopo i nā manaʻo, akä, o kanaka hana, i ka pōkā i hoopau ai i ka pōkole Kawaihae o M. Yu, Lermontova, e aʻo e pili ana i kona kumu.

No laila, NS Martynov i hānau i loko o Moscow hanohano. Kona kupuna i ka waiwai ma ka waina kuai aku, 'o ia hoʻi, E., No ka uku, mai ka moku'āina loaa ke kuleana eʻauhau auhau ma inu kukuluia'na, mea ua nui pomaikai ae la lakou. Ma ka hopena o 18th kenekulia ka mea i manaoio i pono ole ai ka poe kaukaualii, e komo i loko o ia hana. Eia naʻe, Mikhail Ilyich naʻe loa hilahila ia ia, me he mea e olelo aku i keia la, i ka hana nonetheless makemake i kana keiki e hoʻomau i kana hana, e like me ka mea i haawi mai i ka napoo liʻiliʻi. He kapa i kona inoa, uncharacteristic no na kanaka o kona papa. Penei, Nikolay Solomonovich Martynov, aupuni 'ē aku a Lermontov koke ma hope o ka make i ke kumuhana o ka speculation mea kanalua Lūkini.

I nā mākua a me nā kamaliʻi

Makua Martynova Solomon Mihaylovich Martynov kū aʻela i ke ano o State Councilor, a make iho la i ka makahiki 1839. Kana wahine, Elizabeth M. hele mai, mai ke aliʻi ohana Tarnowski. 4 keiki kāne a me nā kaikamāhine 4: ewalu keiki Just Martynovsʻohana a pau. Ka mea, o ka oi aku keiki, ua loaa hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i ka pono, ua lawa ke kālā e haha aku ana me ka nanea ma ke gula wa opiopio i hoʻolilo' ia a me kekahi mau hale kalapu no helehelena.

Nikolai Martynov Ua hānauʻia i ka 1815, a ua wale ka makahiki kaikaina ma mua o Lermontov. Mai ka wā kamaliʻi, ua loaʻa iā ia ke tālena no ka palapala, ai ka hana a me ka koke hoomaka ae la e kākau poetry, hoʻi me ka haku mele kaulana o kona manawa.

palapala he

I ka makahiki 1831, Nikolai Martynov komo i ke kula kiai iiaciiie-hae iho a me ka lio cadets. I ka mea hookahi makahiki ana i ua hope Lermontov. I ka la mahope Ua haʻakoi e waiho i kekahi palapala hoopii, e hookaawale ia lana mai ke Kulanui Moscow o kaʻawaʻawa loa moolelo a me kekahi o na Kumu, a me ka makemake ole St. Petersburg i ka hana, no ka mea, malaila oia i noi i ka hou-hoʻomaka aʻo me ka papa mua.

Nikolayev lio School, i huli mai i ka ui kanaka, ua kekahi o ka loa kaulana i loko o Rusia. Ua lawe wale lakou ano hanohano, ma hope o këia ma ke kulanui a ma ke kula kula hanai, ka mea i ole oihana aʻo. Lermontov a Nikolay Solomonovich Martynov manawa Oiai këia pu me ka fencer ma spadroon, a ua hala loa kama'āina. Eia hou, Ua hoʻolauna i ka haku mele i nui kona mau lala o kaʻohana o Martynov a me kona kaikaina ma Rotehama - Michael - ua i kona classmate. A laila, hoʻi i kākau i kekahi o na kaikuahine o Rotehama a hiki lilo hapa prototype Princess Mary. Ua ua ike ia o ka makuwahine Martynov loa unflattering manaʻo e pili ana i Lermontov no konaʻano kūhalahala oʻApelila ia, akā, kana keiki i thrilled me ka poetic talena o kona mau hoa kulanui.

oihana

Ma ka pau 'ana o kona mau haʻawina i hoouna Nikolay Martinov, e lawelawe i loko o ka' ihiʻihi iā lio Regiment, a ma keia manawa ua he luna Dantes. Iloko o ka Haole War ,ʻo ia, e like na mea he nui o kona poe hanauna, i hele aku i ka hana manawaleʻa ma ke alo ma ka manaolana o ke kaulana, a hoʻi i ke kapikala i hoouka i ke kaua a me ka koa nā mea hoʻonani. Aia, ma ka oihana koa huakaʻi Haole poe ma ka muliwai Kuban, Nikolay Solomonovich Martynov hoike ana ia ia i kekahi koa luna. No ka hana maikai la koa ka mea, i ke ahiahi, i hookoia ka Papa o St. Anna a me ke kakaka, a me ka mea, ua ma luna pono hua'ōlelo me ke kauoha.

resignation

Ana i ka poe i Nikolai Martynov ke pono manaʻolana no ka holomua 'oihana. Eia naʻe, hiki i keia manawa i ike kumu i ka makahiki 1841, oiai i loko o ka papa o Major (hoole i ka aneane o kona Contemporary Lermontov ua i ia manawa wale ka lutanela), oia palaka launahele hou i kona resignation. Ua Ua olelo mai i ke kanaka'ōpiopio i puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka hana ia, no ka mea, ka mea i loaa ma ka hoopunipuni ma ke kāleka holoholona hihiu i waena o nā luna i i manaoia loa hilahila kŰia. Ma ka lokomaikai o ia ka lono, he nui Kuhikuhi 'ia i ka mea i Nikolai Martynov, ka mea i lawa ka waiwai a me ka pili' o Randy,ʻaʻole hoʻi i ke kapikala, a nee aku mai ke kaiāulu i loko o Pyatigorsk, a alakai aku la i ka secluded ola. Mawaena o na hoa, a me ka kūloko Lūkini kaiāulu i ikeia me he eccentric mamua nui a me ka palapala e like me ryadilsya kapa mountaineers, a hele me ka nui pahi, e kauoha ana e heneheneʻia mai nā hoapili kahiko.

M. Yu, Lermontov ma ka Caucasus

I ka makahiki 1841, i ka haku mele i mua i kaulana mawaena o Rusia i ke aloha a hiki i ka poetry o Pushkin. Hoopilikia mai ai i ke kupuna wahine, he influential hoahanau iwaena o ka Aha, ae aku la ia ia, e loaʻa hou mea hoopai. He Ua hoounaia mai ai i ka Caucasus hae i loko o ka Nizhny Novgorod regiment. Kēia huakaʻi ana loa ai lōʻihi, a koke ae la hou mai ia ma ke poʻo o ka salons. Paha ka mea nona kekahi mau mea ina e paio i loko o ka hale o ke Countess de Ka Laval Ernest Barant. Ke keiki a kekahi Palani diplomat ike i kūamuamu i loko o ka epigram, i, e like me kana i hai hoa like, palapala M. Yu. Lermontov. Iloko o ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia, a i wahi kokoke i ka paena kahi āna i fatally eha Pushkin, mea lono kaumaha i hiki mai ai: i ka pahi kaua mai o kekahi o na ka loaʻaʻana wāwahi Barante hala, a me ka haku mele pana i loko o ka lewa. Naʻe, hūnā i ka mea i ka ń ua hiki ole, a ua a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia ke Caucasus i ka haku mele, nae oia i hoao ai e haʻalele.

Ke kumu no ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia me Martynov

A mua au i hele mai, mai ka Northern Capital i Stavropol, ma kona regiment Tengin, a ma hope o ka manawa i hele ai i ka pōkole hoomaha ma Pyatigorsk. A me na makamaka ho'āʻo e koi ia mai e hana pela. Halawai mai la me ia i na mea he nui o kona St. Petersburg hoalauna, me Martynov. Hewa Lermontov'ōlelo loa kaua nānā akuʻo Kauikeaouli mua classmate. Ka hope ua lōʻihi ke awa o ka hoomauhala i ka haku mele, no ka mea, ua manao ia oia i jeered ma ia ia i loko o kona mau epigrams, a komo i ka inoa o Martysh a me Solomona. A laila, e like me ke kumu o ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia ka ike a me ka mana, e like me ia a Martynov manaʻo i Lermontov compromised i kona kaikuahine. Ua kuhikuhi Ua hoʻi ka hakakā opiopio kanaka e pili ana i na maluna Palani mea hana keaka o Adele, ka mea i ma huakaʻi i loko o ka Caucasus.

lalani

Mau lā ma mua o ka pōʻino o kona mau protagonists halawai ma ka hale o General Verzilina. Malaila hoi ka kekahi lua i ka haku mele, a me kona kahiko hoa, Prince Troubetzkoy, e like me ka wahine a me ke kaikamahine o ka hale mea nāna. I ko lakou alo aku, hoomaka ae la Lermontov e hookuu i ka barbs ma ka "Highlander" ridiculous. Ma ka lono kaumaha ulia i na olelo o ka mele papani iho la, a ua lohea lakou e nā mea a pau, a me Martynov, e like me ka manawa,ʻaʻahuʻia i loko o Circassian. I hope hoʻomanaʻo aʻela hoa like Lermontov a me Martynov, ia ua i ka manawa mua i ka haku mele henehene iho la hoi ana nui. He hoʻomanawanui like loa me ka mea i hiki ai i ka paʻa hoʻokohukohu nei i naʻApelila ia i ole pili ia ia. Naʻe, i ka mea ahiahi ma Verzilin ka mea, ua pau no hoi ahuwale, a me ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia Lermontov me Martynov lilo inevitable. Outraged "Highlander" ka leo nui i hoike mai i ka mea hou hoihoi i ka hana oʻApelila ia, a ua haʻalele. Haku mele reassured i nā wāhine i ka la apopo ia, a ma Rotehama Solomonovich e ka maluhia, no ka mea, "ka mea, hana".

Reuʻela,ʻo ia Lermontov me Martynov

ʻO ia ahiahi, Michael a me Rotehama i kaʻawaʻawa loa kamailio ana, ma i puhi i ke kū'ē'ē 'ana i ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia. Ke Reuʻela,ʻo ia i wahi i ka ia la ae. Ma ka he mana, Lermontov hoʻowahāwahāʻia i ka mea a pau e hele ana ma, a kī pū i loko o ka lewa. Pela, ua nui huhu Martynov, a ua pana i loko o ka pahu. No ka mea, i ka wa a ole i ke kaua i hele i ke kauka, i ole hoakaka mālama ', eia nae, ua hiki apuepue hoola i ke ola o Lermontov.

Ma hope o ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia Martynov i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka deprivation o ka waiwai pono a me Nā Hoʻohaʻahaʻa. Eia naʻe, ma Rotehama II hoʻoholo ihola e kaupalena paʻahao olelo o ka ekolu a hiki i ke kialua.

Ma ke ola ma hope o ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia Martynova i hala loa he mau. He make ma kona mau makahiki 60, a ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o kona inoa i loko o Ievleva.