Ka mua Lūkini kipi

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I ke kakahiaka nui iwakālua kenekuliaʻEulopa aina e lulu iho la ia i ka ikaika aneiai ulia. Au hoopa iho la ia a me Rusia. Hōkaiʻia na tausani o ka poe liilii, a me ka meakino-pepa paia i koe e hana, a me nā haneri o na tausani o ke kanaka me ka hana. Ma luna o nā mea a pau, ma waena o Rusia a me Japan, i ke kaua wawahi mai, ma a ka Lūkini koa i ae mai i ka palaoa pio. Ilihune a me ka nele i ua hoopa aku la i na mea he nui kanaka. No ka mea pehea hoʻomaka koke 'ole e kūkulu hana i loko o ka Russian aupuni a pau, i ka hana ua i lawa. Ka ulia i mea e haha aku piha. I keia auhau ia lakou i aina pilikia. Ma na kauhale i resettled i ka 1861 mihi o ka aina a hiki i Siberia a me ka Hōʻole akula Hikina a me kā lākou i hoʻohalahala aniau aa aku i kela mea keia mea ulu helu o landless kauwa, ka poe pono a pau i hiki ke uku no ka meager allotments, generously i hoakaka ia ma ia mau mea.

I loko nō mea hou i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, e i hanaia ma ia manawa, ai ka Russian aupuni a ua no he piha aupuni mō'ī, ma a ka hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka i hoonele ia o Kivila pono. Aia a me ka lahui wale i na kanaka mai, aole hoi i ka manawa e aʻo keiki i loko o kā lākou 'ōlelo makuahine,ʻaʻole e hōʻike hana ia i loko o ka pā hale a me ke aupuni ma lalo nei.

Omaka i ke kipi

Kēia, ma ka nutshell, ua ke kahua ma i ka First RussianʻOiʻenehana. Ke kumu no kona inception he i nā hanana o Ianuari 9, 1905 Ma kēia lā, he ÷ o ka poe hana, i alakaʻiʻia e ke kahuna Gapon hele aku la i ka Winter Palace ma ke kapikala, e haawi aku i ke alii i ka palapala hoopii koi maikaʻi hana rula, i ka hoʻolako 'ia' o ka pili aupuni o kānaka, etc. 140,000th kia me ka icons a me nā kiʻi o ka tsar a kokoke i ka hale, i ka wa e wehe ke ahi ma luna makai a me na koa. More ma mua o ka tausani kanaka i make a me kekahi mau tausani poino.

Ma hope iho o kēia hanana, ke aupuni wawahi mai e like me ka lama. Hāwāwā, ikaika ua huhu na tausani o kanaka, a hoomaka ae la e pepehi iho at a me rallies ma Rusia. I iho, ke kapikala ua kauohaʻia poe hana clash me ka hao wale. Pela i hoomaka ai ka mua Lūkini kipi.

Ma kekahi mau pauku o ke kaiāulu okoa pane koke ana i ka hanana. Kahińuli i ka kālai'āina hoomoana ekolu: o ka makeʻe kulana, lokomaikaʻi, a me ka hoʻokahuli aupuni-aupuni. Ke kahiko nā nā kākoʻo o ka autocracy (konohiki, luna, luna, ano hanohano), a hoʻomākaukau i ka mālama '-hoʻokahuli aupuni kulana. Ka mea, ua makaukau, e waiho na mea a pau e like me ia mea. Ka loa'ano'ē laʻelaʻe 'ia o kēia au, he ka Black haneri - lālā o ka "Union o ka Lūkini kanaka." Ka lokomaikai hoi o ka hoʻomoana poe e holumua ai-hoonaaukiekie oe kaukaualiʻi, ka pilina, ke bourgeoisie. O lakou na Hoʻohana o ka heluna kanaka, ka poe i makemake i ke kipi, ma luna o nā mea a pau, i ke anoe o lakou mau pono kalaiaina, a kīvila, i ka manawa e komo i loko o kālai'āina o ka aina. Ma ka hoʻokahuli aupuni kemokalaka i hoomoanaʻi mńlualua me na hana, ilihune kauwa, i ka haʻahaʻa o bourgeoisie. Mau kanaka i makemake e kākoʻo i ka Socialist-Revolutionaries a me ka Social Democrats, nana i koi i ka hioloʻana o ke aliʻi, a me ka paa ana o ka repubalika.

I ka 1905 i ka mua Lūkini kipi ua ma luna o ke ala. Ua i loko o ke kauwela o ka pepehi iho at ia, a pepehi iho at ia i manawa e komo mai ai i ka miliona kanaka. Ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hana i ko lakou mau kuleana, a me nā 'elele o ka lahui ka neʻe' ana. Ke Auguseto i concessions: mua, ka mea i 'ae' ia e hana i ka hale kanawai - ka State Duma, a me ka hope o ka heluna kanaka i loaa kālai'āina ku okoa ana. Hoomaka a me ka helu o ka poe i komo i loko o ka hale kanawai ke koho.

Manifestos ma ka hoʻokumu o ka Duma, a kālai'āina o kānaka i ua hoʻokipa e na Liberal (KS). Kekahi mea pili aoao like me ka Cadets a me ka Octobrists, ka poe i makemake e komo i loko o ke koho ana i ka Duma. E like me nā alakaʻi o ka Liberal (KS), ka mea mua kipi (e like me ka mea e e kapaʻia ma hope) Ua loaʻa kona Pahuhopu.

Akā,ʻo nā paʻi hua o na kanaka, i kēia mau concessions mea ole reassured. I ke kauwela a me ka Akuma ka o ia makahiki kipi hoopa iho la i ka poe koa a me ka moku, ka poe i manaoia e kākoʻo i ka? Eia. ʻOiʻenehana kahili ae i ka Black Sea a me Baltic luina, koa, Kharkov, Kiev, Tashkent, Warsaw ka pā kaua. Akā, i kēia mau hana i ole loaa ākea kākoʻo, a ua koke uhi pū. Ma December 1905, he kipi wawahi mai ka hana ana ma Moscow. Me ke kōkua o nā poʻe hao wale i lawe mai ai, mai St. Petersburg aupuni ua hiki ke uhi ia, a ma hope ma ke koa ikaika i paopao hana i loko o nā kūlanakauhale. hoomaka Public ha awina, e hele aku i loko o hoole mai oia. Akā, ma hope makahiki, nō hoomau kua'āina uprisings.

Ka hope a me ka hopena

I ka 1906, ua hoʻomaka 'e hana ana i ka 1st State Duma. Kēia hale kanawai i ole mau loa ana, a ua hoʻokuʻu no o ko lākou oi'ano'ē haku mele 'ana. Ka Ia hopena i loaʻa i ka aʻe Duma. Mahope, June 3, 1907 i ka hou kānāwai, i ka helu o ka poe koho suzivshy i aponoia. Kēia hanana maoli i pau ai i ka mua Lūkini kipi. Mass hōʻike ma ka manawa i kokoke uhi pū. Kā lākou mau lala i pau ai i ko lakou ola paha ma luna o nāʻolokeʻa, aptly inoa "Stolypin necktie" (ma hope o ka laila Kuhina Nui Kuhina), a iloko o ka halepaahao a me ka hana oolea.

No laila, i alakai i ka mua Lūkini kipi, a me ke kumu ia nele? Ka pane ana i ka ninau lua ua maopopo: i ka kālai'āina koa i komo i loko o laila, hana kaawale, i ko lakou mau pono e ole pinepine coincide. Like no ka neʻeʻana, i ka mea nui e piʻi like o ka loli o ke kahua kālai'āina. The State Duma,ʻikeʻia i loko o ka papa o ke kipi, noho iho la malaila. I loko nō kona hoʻokau, ka mea, ua, nae, i alakaʻi ai i ka hou kulekele o ke aupuni. A i ka Ia manawa e lilo i ka pola no na mea he nui nā loea kālai'āina. Me ka Poeikohoia o hoʻokaumaha kanaka kipi i lawe mai i ka manawa e kala aku nā puke a me nā nupepa i loko o kā lākou mau'ōlelo, e hana ia ma ka moʻolelo keaka wale hana. Akā, e kula i loko o kā lākou 'ōlelo makuahine no na kanaka (no ka laʻana, Ukrainians a Belarusians) a koe inaccessible.