'okikene kolu - he kinoea uliuli. Ka waiwai a me ka palapala noi o ke kinoea. 'okikene kolu i loko o ka lewa

'okikene kolu - he kinoea. Haʻalele nui'ē aʻe,ʻo ia mea i ka aniani moakaka, a i ka kiʻiona waihoʻoluʻu a hiki hohono. He makana i loko o ka lewa a me ka mea i kekahi o kona loa nui eiiiiiaiou. He aha ka i ka pa apŘ o ke'okikene kolu, kona nuipa a me nā waiwai? He aha kona kūlana ma ke ola ana o ka Honua?

uliuli kinoea

Ke kemika o ka'okikene kolu mea i ka noho i loko o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika papaʻaina. Keia mea no ka mea, mea,ʻaʻole he hehee ai. 'okikene kolu - ia allotropic hooponopono hou paha oko o ka oxygen. Like i loko o D2, kona lātoma ninoieo wale no o oxygen akā, hana ole o ka elua, akā,ʻekolu. No laila, ka mea nana e like me ka Nine Inch haʻilula O3.

'okikene kolu kinoea mea uliuli. Ua loaʻa i ka pono kekahi 'pungent nā dudima, reminiscent o chlorine, ina o ka lehulehu mea, ua kiʻekiʻe. Anei oe e hoomanao i ke ala o ka freshness i loko o ka ua? 'O kēia ka'okikene kolu. Aie i keia waiwai, a me ka mea, loaa ae nei i kona inoa, no ka mea, ka mea kahiko Greek 'ōlelo "'okikene kolu" - he "oluolu".

Kinoea lātoma Polar nā'ātoma ma laila e pili ana i ka huina o 116,78 °. 'okikene kolu ua hua mai la i ka wā o ka O2 lātoma ua pili i ka noa ka oxygen. Kēia ka hana i na reactions likeʻole, e like me'okesaside o phosphorus, uila hookuuia paha decomposition o peroxides ma i nā'ātoma me ka o oxygen, a wehe.

mall o ka'okikene kolu

Ma lalo o maʻamau rula, ma laila i koe'okikene kolu i loko o ke kinoea me ke hakakino kaumaha o ma kahi o 48 g. / Mol. He mea diamagnetic, i mea ole hiki ke e o Laielohelohe i ka Mākēneki, e like me ke kala, i ke gula a me naikokene. 'okikene kolu nuʻa mea 2,1445 g. / dm³.

I ka paa ana'okikene kolu i uliuli-ʻeleʻele, i ka wai - indigo kala kokoke i ka poni. Paila wahi ma keia hihia, he 111,8 kekelē Kelekia. I ka wela o ka 'Aʻohe degere ia mea wailana i loko o ka wai (wale maemae) he umi aku ko lakou naauao ka oxygen. He pono hui me ke kinowai methane, naikokene, fluorine, argon, a ma lalo o kekahi mau kumu, a me ka oxygen.

Ma lalo o ka hana ana o ka helu o catalysts ua hikiwawe oxidized, oiai stressing ka noa ka oxygen nā'ātoma. Ai pili aku me ia,ʻo ia ignited koke. Ka waiwai hiki o oxidizing Aneane pau ke hooheheeia. Ka mea, e hāʻawi'ai'ē aku i ia lakou iho i ka hana wale nō platinum a me ke gula. Ua pepehi na ke aloha a me ka onaona hui. Ma hope o Hoʻokaʻaʻike me ka ammonia ia ke'amoniuma nitrite, pepehi kalapona papalua paa.

I noho i loko o ka lewa i loko o kiʻekiʻe nā hoʻohui like,'okikene kolu decomposes spontaneously. Ua hookuu aku oia i ka wela a me ka hana lātoma O2. Ke kiekie o ka lehulehu, i ka nui o ka naoh wela. A hiki i ka maʻiʻo o ka'okikene kolu, ua oi aku ma mua o 10% ia ua pu ma ka Naita. Ma ka hoʻoulu i ke ana wela a me ka hoemi i ka manaʻo koikoi a ma luna o hui 'ana me ke aloha i nā mea wikiwiki decomposition o O3.

Mōʻaukala o ka Kaka

I kemika, ia iʻikeʻia a hiki i ka XVIII kenekulia'okikene kolu. Aʻu i ike ka mea, ua i ka 1785 no i ke ala, a me ka physicist van Marum lohe ana ke hoʻohana i ka electrostatic mīkini. Oia hoi, 50 makahiki ma hope o ke kinoea i i hōʻike i ka 'epekema ho okolohua a me ka noiʻi.

Nä känaka 'epekema Kristian Shonbeyn i ka 1840 aʻo ka'okesaside o keʻokeʻo phosphorus. Iloko o ka ho okolohua,ʻo ia ua hiki ke kuhikuhi i ka ike ole waiwai, a kapa aku la ia "'okikene kolu". Chemist pono hana i loko o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o kona waiwai, a me ke ano o ka hana i ka lānai hou loaa kinoea.

Koke i ka noiʻi 'ana i nā puke a me nā hui'ē aʻeʻepekema. Ke physicist kaulana Nikola Tesla i kukulu mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka'okikene kolu mīkini hana wāwahie. Hanalima ana o O3 hoomaka ana ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia XIX, a me ka Hekikai o na nā mea hoʻonoho mua no ka hoolako inu i ka wai ma ka home. Ka waiwai hoʻohana no ka disinfection.

'okikene kolu i loko o ka lewa

Mākou Honua ua hoopuniia e kaʻike makaʻole iwi, mai ka lewa - i ka lewa. Me ka mea ola ma luna o ka honua makemake e hiki ole. Waho eiiiiiaiou: oxygen,'okikene kolu, naikokene, hydrogen, methane a me nā kinoea.

'okikene kolu e iho hakuʻole, a he mea wale nō i ka hopena o Nine Inch reactions. Close a hiki i ka ili o ka honua, ka mea, ua hanaʻia ma muli o ka uila uila i loko o ka uwila ino. He welo 'ala eia kahi mea akaka aie i ka hoʻomehana honua, mai kaa, nā hale hana, kakolina ohu, na thermal mana mea kanu.

Honua-ilikai'okikene kolu kapa tropospheric a lepo-ʻilikai. Aia ka stratospheric. Ua ua kena ae la ia e ka ultraviolet pāhawewe mai o ka lā. Ua Ua hanaʻia ma ke kaawale ana o 19-20 kilomika ma luna o ka Honua i ka ili, a kŰlń ao i ke kiekie o 25-30 kilomika.

Ke stratospheric'okikene kolu, ahu iho O3 ano he Honua, i malama ia, mai ka ikaika pāhawewe lā. Ua absorbs ma kahi o 98% o ka ultraviolet pāhawewe me ke kōā kupono no ka hanana o Ka maʻi 'aʻai, a'ā.

Noi o ka waiwai

'okikene kolu - ia mea he maikaʻi oxidant a me ka mea make. Kēia waiwai i hoʻohana 'e huikala inu wai. Detrimental ia ma luna o ka waiwai nā palapala i kanaka koʻohune a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi, a me ka wā o ka'okesaside iho hoohuliia i noho malie hoi ka oxygen.

He mea hiki ke pepehi i hoʻopale i ka chlorine meaola. Eia hou, ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe wastewater mai environmentally nā palapala aila, sulfides, phenols, etc. Oia hana i pono oleʻano nui i loko o ka US a me Europa, aina kekahi.

'okikene kolu ua hoʻohana 'ia ma ka lapaau no ka disinfection o mea i loko o ka hana me ke kōkua o ka maloo pepa, a akaka eʻaila i kekahi mau waiwai. Ka hoʻohana a O3 e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lewa, i ka wai a me ka wa i kapaia o ozonation.

'okikene kolu a me ka poʻe

I loko nō a pau o kona waiwai waiwai,'okikene kolu hiki e weliweli i kānaka. Inā ke kinoea i loko o ka lewa, e e oi ma mua o ke kanaka ke hoomanawanui, kaʻapu kōheoheo hiki ole ke käpae '. Ma Russian kona allowable uku o ka g. 0,1 / ho'āo ai.

Ma luna o ia rula ikeia typical symptoms o Nine Inch kaʻapu kōheoheo, e like me headache, mea ukiuki loa, pōniuniu. 'okikene kolu ho'ēmi i kā pū i hiki ma ka airway ia'ku i ka maʻiʻaʻai a hoi emi ke koko. A hiki i ke kinoea lehulehu ma luna o 9,8 mg / H Ua hiki pulmonary edema, a hiki i ka make.

I ka Ia manawa ike i ka'okikene kolu i loko o ka lewa ma mull wale. Ala "freshness", chloro ole "Ka maʻi 'aʻai" (i koi Mendeleev), a me ka pono audible haahaa ka maʻiʻo o ka waiwai.