Owai la ka mea ike Alaska? I ka loaʻa o Alaska

Alaska - he Peninsula, a ua wehewehe aku ma ke anu aniau. Ka luna hoʻomalu e loa pōkole, akā, ma laila nō lawa pumehana lā. Ka hooilo au ua wehewehe aku ma ka aiʻaihueʻia loa ikaika. Akā, i kēia 'aʻole e hooweliweli ola i ka lōʻihi manawa i loko o ka'āina o ka Aleuts a me Eskimos a Indians apataski, Heidi a me tinklitov. Alaska - ka mea, Aloha incredibly nani wahi. Aia ka he lake me ke anu ka wai, muliwai lōʻihi, he hau-capped mauna o ka mea kupaianaha nani, pau ole i nā mahinaʻai a me ka tundra. Mau mea i ka manao wehe i mua o nā explorers mua i loa ikaika neʻe hohonu i loko o ka Peninsula. Nolaila, owai la ka hamama Alaska?

Home mana

Aia He He walaʻauʻana hoʻokolohua o ka puka o Alaska, a ma luna o ka mea mua wāwae i, akā, ua nui no hoi na koho ma luna o laila. Eia naʻe, e hooiaio ai no ka mea'ē aʻe wale nō e mai nei.

Nolaila, owai la ka hamama Alaska? Vitus Bering Jonassen - ike luina Kelemania e, he luna o ka Lūkini moku, hanau August 12, 1681 ma Denmark, akā, no ka naau a pau a hiki i Rusia. Ua Ua manaoia he paionia o Alaska. I ka 1741, i kaʻImi Loa kaulana loaa, a hoʻopaʻa 'ia ma ka palapala Peninsula, Aia ma North America. Ua haawiia mai kēia wahi i ka inoa Alaska. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ana no ka umikumamakolu makahiki aʻo ia ke ike i ka Peninsula ma muli o ke kaumaha noe. Bering olioli nui keia loaʻa i ole lawe mai. Puʻupuʻu ua loa koke lawe mai i ka discoverer o ka halekupapau. Ua hiki December 19, 1741 a hiki i ka mea i ike i ka mokupuni, a i ua kapa ma kona hanohano ma hope.

No ka Alaska Ua wehe i ka 1741, ka i keia la ikeia moʻolelo ekolu pepa. Ka mea, Ua i loko o ka 60s o ka XVI kenekulia. Nā palapala hōʻike i nā mea kiko'ī a me nā mea kiko'ī o ke kapakai o Alaska, a me ka Bering pilikia, i i mua kapaia Aniane.

Ka mua huakaʻi

Ke paneʻana i ka ninau e pili ana i ka hamama Alaska, ka mea e e kaulana ia i ka 1648, he huakaʻi alakaiia e Semenom Dezhnevym a Fedorom Popovym hele aku la ma ko lakou hele ana, mai ka waha mai o ka Kolyma muliwai. Lakou holo ana ma ka Bering pilikia. Naʻe, ka mea, kipa Alaska pahaʻaʻole - Ua IKE OLE IA.

Ma ka like o ka aina e pili ana i Amerika, i manao iho la o Petero. Ua hiki i ka makahiki o kona make ana (1725). kakau iho la oia i olelo Vitus Bering ma ka huakaʻi e holo i Kamchatka, e kūkulu mau moku e holo ia ma ka pilikia a hiki i ke kūkulu'ākau, a imi i wahi panina o Kamchatka me ka iuka Amelika. Eia hou, o ka hoʻokele i e unuhi i kekahi palapala 'āina o ka wahi. Akā, Eia naʻe, i ka mua huakaʻi ua hoʻokuʻikahi. No ka mea, o ka mea kaumaha noe Bering hiki ole ike i kekahi mea.

Kamailio e pili ana i ka hamama Alaska, ia mea i ke kumukuai o 'ana i kumumanaʻo i kekahi huakaʻi alai ae ia e Mihailom Gvozdevym surveyor a me ka hope hoʻokele Ivanom Fedorovymʻau ana ma ia ala e hiki aku ma luna o ka moku "St. Gabriel" i ka 1732. Ma August 21 luina kokoke i ke komohana hapa o Alaska. Ma kēia palapala 'o Cape Prince o Wales. Akā, e hoʻonoho wawae ma kahakai ka mea, i hooki ale ikaika.

A lua o hoao e noiʻi i ka aina

A makahiki ma hope, i ka Lūkini aupuni ua aoia mai Bering e hele i loko o ka lua Kamchatka huakaʻi. I ka 1734, ua hiki ia ma Yakutsk, kahi no na makahiki e ohi ai, laau no ka wā e hiki mai ana o ke kai eʻe a me ke kūkākūkā me ka kūloko bureaucracy, no ka mea ole ia, aole ia i hana. Oiai ma Rusia, ma ka mea e hoʻomaka i kekahi mea, e loaʻa iā ia nā kanaka nui a pau i ke kipe. Akā, Bering, he kanaka ka mea i noho ai loa ma ka aina, ua i aoia ia. A i 'ole wale mai i makemake i ka.

Wale i ka 1740, elua moku holoahi-moku ma lalo o ka lima o ka luna koa Alekseya Chirikova huakaʻi holo mai Okhotsk a hiki i ka wahi Avacha Bay, kahi ana i hoolilo i ka hooilo. makemake ole i hiki ke loaʻa o Alaska, a me ka Lūkini ina i ole imi Behring ka aina mythical o Gama. I mea kēia manawa he coincidence.

He aha o Laielohelohe Peninsula?

Ka paka me ka mōʻaukala o Alaska? mau moku alai ae i Amerika June 4, 1742. Akā, hou, i ka noe a pau me ka ikaika ino, huikau ke kulana. A i lune 20 o ka moku i hoʻopuehuʻia i loko o kekahiʻaoʻao, a komo i nalowale. Ma hope iho o ia, ka mea hana mau, e holo wale. He nui nā poʻe manaʻo i no ka mea, o keia huakaʻi, o ka mua i ka i hiki mai ma luna o ka'āina o Alaska botanist Georg Steller. A ma hope o ka lā hoʻokahi, June 16, 1741, i ka aina o ka Peninsula, a ike aku la no hoi i ka "Sana Petero". Hoi ana mai i kēia noiʻi huakaʻi i Rusia, e noho ana ma luna o ka waapa kanaka i haʻi e pili ana i noho i loko o ka Hawaiian wai o Alaska kai otters - Kalani. Lākou für ka loa maikai e like ai. He Ua noʻonoʻo i ka loa pipiʻi mea i loko o ke ao nei. Ua i ka mea nana ka pilina i ka mea i ka mōʻaukala o Alaska i kapa i ka nui o ka poe i makemake e kiʻi waiwai.

Nō hoʻi ma luna o ka Peninsula, ke gula i loaa. Ma hope iho o kēia loaʻa i hoomaka ai ka Gold naholo kiki mai ai. Ua mau ae la ia i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1896 a hiki i 1897. Ua i i keia manawa, ke gula i loaʻa i loko o ka Klondike, a hiki i ka Hale Yukon Teritore. Manaolana e kiʻi waiwai ka poe ola, a me na tausani o prospectors alai ae no ka Pacific Koro a me ka Alaska.

I ka lilo ana o kekahi mau luina

Ka mua au i ka mokuna o ka Peninsula holoahi "St. Paul," ma lalo o ka lima o Chirikov. Akā, ka mea, i ole lawe wahi no ka mea, o ka mea kai kohola o Alaska Discovery. Ke kāpena hoouna i ka waapa me ka makemake, akā, e nalowale me ka kumumea. Noonoo ana i kekahi wahi, hele mai la ia i ka hopena i ka moku pono eha. Alaila, Ua hoouna mai kekahi moku. Ka pūʻulu hoouna mai i ka haku-caulker. Akā, Eia naʻe, a me keia pae i nalowale me ka kumumea. Ma huina Chirikov nalowale elima kanaka. Ua hiki mai i ka olelo hooholo, e hoʻi i ka hale ma ka piha bewilderment a me ka maopopo, ka luna "St. Paul" ma o ka hālāwai.

Ma hope o kekahi manawa ua lilo i mea akaka i ka nalowale luina i lawe pio ai ma ka kūloko kupa. Ka mea, ua ola. He nui o ia mea i mare i ka haole. A laila, ka mea, a hiki nae i ka manawa e lilo Spaniards, lawe kupa, akā, ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe hai ana na kanaka i ka mea, e Lūkini.

Inā 'aʻole' alualu seafarers na wahi a

Ka moku "Sana Petero" hiki Alaska ma June 6, akā, Behring poe mai, a hiki ole ke hele i uka no ka mea, o kona maʻi. A ala hoʻi i huli mai, e e loa paʻakikī. Na luina kekahi e kekahi i ka make o ka puʻupuʻu. Ua lawe mai ka makani ino i ka moku i loko o ke kai kūʻono kekahi o na mokupuni, kahi a lakou i hele mai ai i ka hopena i ka mea i pono, e noho i ka hooilo. Eia, i ko lakou luna, make iho la (Dec. 6).

E kali oe mai ka hooilo luina o ka mea i koe o ka "Sana Petero" moku, kukulu iho la i ka hou moku. Akā, o 75 kanaka i ola 35. wale He nui na make i ka holo ana, a me kekahi iloko o ka hooilo. No laila, a hiki i na kapakai o Kamchatka la wale 35 kanaka.

No laila, ka poe i hele mua i ka mokupuni?

Akā, i loko o ka West manaoio i ka loaʻa o Alaska i alakaʻiʻia Steller. Ua Ua manaoio aku ia ia i ka mea nana i ike mua i ka mokupuni o hiki ole ka maikai a me ka hau-capped mauna. Ma hope iho o ia, hu ae la kona he makemake e hoʻomau lākou mau haʻawina 'ana ma luna o ka Peninsula. Akā, i ka luna o ka moku V. Behring Ua hoʻolala i kekahi mea e ae. He kauoha e hele hoʻi. Steller ua i hauʻoli i ka manaʻoi hoʻoholo 'ia a me ka Hoopaa loa ia Behring haawi aku la ia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa o kekahi mau hola, e makaikai i ka mokupuni Alakai, kahi i ka moku, a no laila, e pau ana i ka hoopiha i ka wai me ke koe.

hou wale nō

Aia Ua hoi he mana o keia mea Alaska iʻikeʻia e ka poʻeʻEulopa. kipa State ka mea, August 21, 1732. He ka haku mele 'ana o ka waapa "St. Gabriel" ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o Surveyor MS Gvozdev a me Ivan Fedotov hope hoʻokele ma luna o kāna huakaʻi i AF Shestakov a me DI Pavlutsky. Laila ana mai ka 1729 a hiki i 1735. Eia hou kekahi, he mea i 'ike e pili ana i ka hōʻeaʻana mai o nā Lūkini kanaka i loko oʻAmelika ma ka XVII kenekulia.

Aia i kekahi mana o nā kānakaʻepekema, i hākālia nō i nā paionia 'o Alaska, he Siberian aiia - kūpuna o ka hapanui o na kanaka maoli' Amelika Indians, ka mea i loko o ka mauʻaʻei ka wā i hele ai i ke kūkulu'ākau, ioioie? Mammoths. Kahiko e noho hoʻoneʻe i ka 'Amelika ma nā Bering pilikia. I ia mau lā, ka mea, ua e like me ka nui hau uwapo, a i aia ma waena o nā 'âinapuni' elua. I ka mea i lalana ana ia ia, i ka honua i ka moana me ka nui loa hoala mai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai, ke alahula ke alahaka. Russian Siberia a me Alaska i ka ia manawa i maheleia Bering Sea.

A hailonaʻana o nā hanaʻeliʻana a me ka noiʻi ma ka Peninsula i kona hopena: kńnaka Ua ike nui 'ikamu i hoʻohana i ke kanaka ma ka malama ana i kona mau aina e pili ana i 12 tausani makahiki aku nei, kekahi mau kenekulia mua o Ice Age pau. Mai keia ka mea, penei i ka Eskimo kanaka ikea no eono tausani makahiki BC.

Ua aha 'ia i loko o Alaska?

Ma hope o nā kenekulia Russian Alaska i mālama ai i kumu no ka für? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Noho i ua kūkuluʻia, a ma na wahi nō koe i ka ekalesia hana, a ma ka Aleuts a me ka Indians i hanaia ma lalo o ke kauoha o Lūkini misionari. Hope ma Alaska mauka luina kipa Spain, Palani a me ka UK. Akā, Lūkini kanaka holo i ka mokupuni no ka mea o ka loaa für, i hope me ka nui loa na mea i haawi mai ai iʻEulopa. Ma hope o kekahi kōā o ka manawa i lilo nui uuku o ka helu ana o na holoholona me ka waiwai für. Ka 1820 makahiki o Russian kokoke i ole hiki i ka mokuna o Alaska.

Pehea Peninsula, ua kuai lilo aku?

Ma luna o ua ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia mākou i ka papa kuhikuhiE hypotheses i wehe pehea Alaska i. Mōʻaukala o kuai ia e hoi e pokole uhi. Russian aupuni ua makau iho la ia i ka Peninsula e e pio kekahi Enelani a me Amerika. Eia hou, e hoopau ai i ke hoʻopale ai i ole e hiki mai keia i ko lakou wahi e noho ai. 'O kēia ka manawa mua i kena ae la i ke kuai ana o ka mokupuni. E like me ka lua o nā wānana waiwai waihona ipu i ka mea i pono, e kākoʻo i ka hooulu ana o kekahi wahi nui ma ka mea o ke kala. Akā, i ke aupuni manao e hoʻolohe i nā mea a pau i ka Hōʻole akula Hikina,ʻaʻole Alaska. Nolaila, ka mea i hooholoia, e kuai aku i ka Peninsula. I ka 1867, ua kuai lilo Alaska. State kauoha aku i kekahi hapa o America October 18.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ke kala no ka mea, i ole e hele mai ia i loko o Rusia. O ka papa kuhikuhi nui o ke kālā i loko o ka palapala o ke gula i wohi nei ma luna o ka moku, i Poho no ka ike ole ia kumu ma hope o ka ho'āʻo nele e hoʻopio i ka hapa o ka poe kipi. Naʻe, ka mea, i ole pili i ka neʻeʻana hope o ka hana. Ke Peninsula lilo kekahi hapa o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Alaska ua no hou ana i Rusia.