Poe akeakamai Pyatigorskiy Aleksandr Moiseevich: Kawaihae, na makana i ka 'epekema, nā puke

Orientalist, poe akeakamai, ka poʻe puni hoʻonaʻauao, kākau moʻolelo, a me ka hoʻokumu o semiotic kula Pyatigorsk Alexander Moiseevich i hanau ma Moscow i ka 1929. Iloko o ke kaua āna i evacuated ia Nizhny Tagil. Puka 'o ia mai ka Moscow State University ('āuna kumu o akeakamai), ao mai la oia no kekahi mau makahiki ma Stalingrad ma ke kula kiʻekiʻe, a mai ka makahiki 1956 hana i loko o ka Institute o'Ākia Pilikanaka ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Yu, N. Reriha, kahi kokua aku la oia i kona ia hoʻi ma luna o ka mōʻaukala o medieval moʻokalaleo. Next Pyatigorskiy Aleksandr Moiseevich aʻo semiotics i loko o ke ao, Ke Kulanui o Tartu.

Kawaihae, buke

Aina no ka Aleksandra Pyatigorskogo ua mau Moscow, i ke kulanakaukale, i kahi āna i hānauʻia ma luna o January 30, 1929. Kona ohana i hoʻonaʻauao a me ka akamai, malchku i ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi loa. I ka makua kāne, he koʻikoʻi lunaʻenehana steelmaker, no ka mea, he nui na makahiki aʻo i loko o Kelemania, a Enelani ma ke ala e hiki aku o ka Soviet aupuni. Family nanea ai i ke kaua i loko o Nizhny Tagil, kahi ma ka makahiki o he umikumamakahi Aleksandr Pyatigorsky ka hoʻomaka 'ana e hana i ka hola.

I ka 1951, ua puka 'o ia mai ke akeakamai'āuna kumu o Moscow State University, a ua hoounaia mai ia Stalingrad, kahi ana i ao aku ai ma ke kula. I ka 1973, ia i haʻalele i ka aina, a noho iho la ma Enelani, kahi ana haʻi'ōlelo ma ke Kulanui o London, a ua komo i loko o nā kīwī a me ka Radio nā polokalamu. kakau iho la oia i kekahi mau nō buke, a ua paʻi he mea hiki ole ke dala o ka hoiliili ole iho o 'epekema' atikala. Main hana no oe i loko o ka papa lalo.

• "Ke akeakamai o ka alley." London 1989.
• "E hoomanao i ke kanaka'ē." Moscow, 1999.
• "Aoi a Dreams". Moscow, 2001.
• "Makamua kanaka i loko o ke kulanakauhale." Moscow, 2001.
• "Ka manaʻo, a kiai." Riga 2002.
• "Incessant kamailio." Moscow, 2004.
• "Free poe akeakamai Pyatigorsk". St. Petersburg, 2015.

ohana

Ka makuakane o ka poe akeakamai Pyatigorsk - Mose Gdalevich Soviet protege, techie, ka mea i ike a pau e pili ana i na mea hiki ke hooheheeia, a kila, ao mai la ia ma ke kula kiʻekiʻe, e hahai 'epekema a me ka hana pono, e aʻo mai ka hoao ana i loko o nā hale hana ma Germany a me Enelani. Ma ke ala,ʻaʻole i loko o ka 'ohana, me ke komo pu o Mose ia ia iho Pyatigorsk, repression i loa ia, ma naʻe o ke kumu, ka nohona haʻahaʻa,' ē (na Iudaio), a no ka lōʻihi noho wale aku no. Ke kanaka ua ma luna o ke ola loa maikai ola, wale hapalua o ka makahiki i ole e ola mai a hiki i ka haneri makahiki. Ke hoʻohālikelike a me kona makua kāne, make opiopio Aleksandr Moiseevich Pyatigorsky. Ka lā o ka hanau a me ka la o ka make i kaawale mai kekahi i kekahi ma kanawalu-hoʻokahi makahiki. Ka makuahine, ua i mai kaʻepekema akā, mai ka ohana loa kaulana loa o ka waiwai, akā, no hoi, e like me Alexander Moiseevich, "make opiopio" - ia ua wale kanawalu-ehiku.

foxmike hana

Mai 1960, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hoolaha i kona puke, mua ma ka soavstorstve (aole nae kilo pinepine e ala aʻeʻoe, a no ka koena o ke ola). 'Imi komo i loko o Pyatigorskiy Aleksandr Moiseevich a me ka pono kīvila o nā hana, i loko o nā makahiki 70 komo i loko o rallies e kākoʻo i ka dissident neʻeʻana, a me kona komo - Ginzburg, Sinyavsky, Daniel. I ka 1973, oia ua hiki ia emigrate i Hawaii, laila, - ma ka United Kingdom. Me ka ka kūkuluʻana o Pyatigorskiy Aleksandr Moiseevich au, hoomaka ae la ka loaa ana hoʻolilo 'ia' o ke aupuni, a i koe ma kahi o kanakolu makahiki aku nei (Andrei hōʻole lākou makana no kona puke "E hoomanao i ka mea'ē kanaka", i ka lua o ka Institute o akeakamai o RAS).

Ua 'ike nui' ōlelo, o ka oi aku pohihihi keia, e like me Sanskrit a me Kipeka olelo, unuhi Buddhist a me ka palapala hemolele Hindu. He Ua palapala kekahi mau novels a me ka hailona o ka noiʻi hana i loko o kēia kahua. He Ua haʻi'ōlelo ma luna o kanaka o ka pili aupuni kālaiʻike i aneane a pau ma luna o ka honua, i ke Kumu ma ke Kulanui o London. Māka hōkūʻia i loko o ka Auana - "Ka i hoʻohālua no Letra Kolohe Kai", "poe akeakamai pakele", "Clean ea kou ku okoa ana," "Hitler, Stalin, a me Gurdjieff," "Shantrapa". Aleksandr Moiseevich Pyatigorsky make ma London i ka 2009, mai ka naau ole.

Hoʻomana Buda

"Ke akeakamai o ole hoʻohana i ka ōlaʻi, a me ia mea kona waiwai - no laila mai nei Aleksandr Moiseevich Pyatigorsky -.. He mea no ka mea, ka pono o ka loa a me ka pili loa-ʻia kanaka mea pākuʻi" I na makahiki elua ma mua o kona make ana, i ka mea kākau moʻolelo kipa Moscow Ua heluhelu elua pule ma ka haʻi'ōlelo ma Buddhist akeakamai New Economic Kula. Nā haumāna i aʻoʻia i ka hailona. About pehea intricately hiehie Buddhist ike a me ka 'epekema.

Alexander M. nui haʻi'ōlelo hoʻolaʻa iā India. Ua Uaʻaneʻi hemolele makemakika: positional invented calculus, hoʻolauna i ka pono o ka 'Aʻohe. Eia naʻe, i ko lakou mau kula o maoli sciences ma ka Indians laila, mai ke alakaʻiʻana o ko lākou mau ike, nui iho la ia ke hoomaopopo i linguistics,ʻike manaʻo, makemakika, Ua loa okoa mai, no ka mea hoike, ka mea ia Helene o Aristotle ka manawa. Ka mea, i ole ai pili e komo i loko o ka manaʻo o ka mea na nā loko o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona. Nō hoʻi, kakaikahi o lakou i noho na eiiiiiaiou o na mauna, a me nā Swamp jungles. Aleksandr Moiseevich Pyatigorsky, philosophical ike i loa vividly ho'ākāka 'ana hoʻii loko o kēia mau hana hoihoi haʻi'ōlelo, paʻa i ole moʻomeheu e ole ke hana i kekahi mea i kekahi, no ka mea, e inevitably alakaʻi i ka degeneration o ke aupuni.

Down me ka 'oni'!

Poe akeakamai Alexander Piatigorsky, kona Kawaihae ua pili loa i pili i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o Kipeka aʻo, exhaustively E hoomanao i scientific ike ana o ke ao nei i loko o Hoʻomana Buda maoli. Mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii o Kipeka Lama, broadly hoʻonaʻauao, ike na olelo o kā lākou 'ōlelo e like me ka pono me Sanskrit, Mongolian, Pākē, English, heluhelu na mea he nui? Iie buke, a hiki Darwin, hoʻowahāwahā i kona ano akamai, loa intellectually undeveloped. Akā, i ua mau Pelekāne physicists a me mathematicians he Lama kokoke loa, a ua loaa ko lakou manao, mai ko lakou waha, ka mea kiekie loa pane lākiō.

Europa poe akeakamai a me nā moʻolelo, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea ana a pau o ia i hōʻokiʻia haumana, ua, ua ike no hoi e mediocre kanaka. Development i hoomaopopo poe akeakamai Aleksandr Moiseevich Pyatigorsky, ka mua a me ka poʻokela ma ke ku okoa ana: mua, i ka hiki kona pane iho i ka ninau, a me kona kākoʻo pāʻoihana iho i ka pilikia, a me ka lua i ka loaʻa, i ka hiki e koke haʻalele i ka Lolina loaʻa i loko o ka lokomaikai o ka mea hou. I ua, hoomalau mai la lakou i ka holoʻokoʻa honua kanaka, ke kaiāulu, a like ka 'oni'. Hoikehonua, aaiaoe?, Makemakika a me ke kālaikūlohea, hoi, hoomaka ae la e ke kiʻekiʻe o hele mai i ka ia i ka worldview.

hoakaka ia ke ano

Alexander Piatigorsky, kona Kawaihae kikowaena lehulehu hele me ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i kekahiʻano o ontological postulates, manaoio aku la ia i ka mea i loko o kaʻumikumamāhiku kenekulia, a pau o Europa, a me kona ano maoli,' epekema i hele mai i loko o kona hou, a oi 'ano no ka loaʻa wā. Naturalist, me he nä känaka 'epekema, initially i noa, i kona noiʻi ua ana koiia mai e ka nui helu haawiia mai i keʻano o nā mea a pau, a no ka mea, pinepine hoʻomaka e "hula ma ke kapuahi."

Akā poe akeakamai, ua noa, i haawiia mai ka mea, i kekahi mea Mai kānalua, a me ka mea hiki hoʻomaka mai kekahi wahi o ka ike, a ka mea e makemake ai. Eia hou, i ka poe akeakamai e ole e kaomi i ka hoʻokumu kenekulia-kahiko axiom, no ka mea, ke kumuhana like ia, a hiki i loko o nā kulanui i ole, ua? Anoee. Me na kula kahiko o kālaiʻike.

lilo ana

Ma lalo o ke akeakamai oʻEulopa thinkers i ua hoʻohuʻuʻia pono, theology, a me ka hope Mea Paipala Hawaiʻi, Hebera a me Roma (me he maoli 'ōlelo, i ka hoʻomano hoʻohana a ka pakebona). A hiki i keia kau o ka ho'ōla i hoʻohuiʻia lapaau. Pau kēia mau mea aloha kekahi i kekahi 'epekema, akā, maʻemaʻe kālaiʻike i ole mawaena o lakou, ka mea i hanaʻia i loko o kēia manawa. Wale nō i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka umikumamawalu kenekulia, ua ka mua noho o kālaiʻike kālaiʻike i loko o Edinburgh. No ka wahi ma luna o ka mea, kaua aku la o Davida Hume a me Adamu Smith. A laila, hele aku la ia Kant, Fichte, Hegel, ma hope i hope i ke ano o ke akeakamai a me he kumuhana o ka mahele. Akā, Buddhists mau philosophized like wehewehe i loko o kona mau haʻi'ōlelo Alexander Piatigorsky. Kēia i ke kumu o ko lākou hoʻonaʻauao.

ole he 'epekema

Pyatigorskiy Aleksandr Moiseevich, buke i meaʻano nui laʻa e kālaiʻike, aole loa maluhiluhi o ka i ana ia ia mea,ʻaʻole i loko o ka papa inoa o ka kiʻekiʻe-kaha 'epekema. He Ua hoomaopopo ia akeakamai - kēia mea,ʻaʻole he 'epekema. "Ma ka pantheon o ka 'epekema - i palapala mai - ia mea,ʻaʻole he vertical luna kiʻekiʻe, akā, piha aho i kekahi ka leo a me ka lewa me ka mea e ae, aka, ka mea,' o kahi o ka moʻomeheu o ka wahi kālaiʻike ninoaaeyao ...."

Ma ka hopena,ʻaʻohe akeakamai, manaʻo kanaka hiki ke ola loa. Kēia mea,ʻaʻole oiaio, no kekahi laʻana, e pili ana i lāʻau lapaʻau.

A mathematician? A ke kālaikūlohea?

O ke kālaikūlohea, o ka pono no i kupu ana ma ka kekahi huli o ka naau, i ka wa a ua höʻike pü, a me ka manaʻo a me ka manaʻo nui o ka mea e lawe mai ai i kanaka wale, manaʻo kanaka mea,ʻaʻole no ka pono, e like me ia olelo ea. Hope pähola 'i loko o ke kālaikūlohea mea e hiki no i ke kaʻina hana o ka noʻonoʻo i ke kanaka hiki ole e definitive. Pyatigorskiy Aleksandr Moiseevich, Kawaihae i ua haku o "regular noʻonoʻo a me ka manaʻo ma luna o ka manaʻo" Ua ike no ia i ka hope loa pähola 'ana i makemake, e hoʻoikaika i nā kānakaʻepekema - keia tomfoolery, e like e pili ana loa maikai, hope loa a me ka global lehulehu. manaʻo kanaka ua pinepine ae la oia uku aloha nui (communism, no ka laʻana), akā, kanaka, e ole i ka idyll e ole e hiki no keia utopia. Ka manaopaa no ka unattainable E hoike mai i manaʻo kanaka mea ole wale ma luna o ko lākou 'imi naʻauao nā pihana'ū, akā, ma ka mea ku ole, kokoke i ka luna e like me ka mea mau i ka contriveʻae nō hoʻi impracticable hana. E like me ka poe akeakamai, ia mea i ino, e like me ka hemolele e like me ka nui loa ana o ka pono - ia i kahi e hele aku ai i ma ke ala ua hana hoihoi.

ʻilikai postulates

Malia paha ke kanaka, e like me Pyatigorsk, hiki e ka poe akeakamai, akā, e ka'āinaʻaʻole paha. None hana hoihoi manaʻo 'aʻole i hoʻomaka mai ka kūikawā. A kanaka ole akeakamai a hiki e pū me kā lākou mau kālaiʻike. Pyatigorskiy Aleksandr Moiseevich, owai la ka mea a pau i kona tremendously aloha e hoomana, aka hoi, aole nani hapa philosophical nā mea hiki.

E like me ua kūkākūkāʻia meʻe o ko mākou 'atikala: wahine, ma kona manao, he mea nui oi paakiki e lanakila i ka makani, a me ka loa lapuwale kālaiʻike. Eia naʻe,ʻo nā kānaka, mea ole a pau ia ua nona. He nui ka pohihihi keia mea - a waena o nā wāhine, a iwaena o na kanaka, a iwaena o na crocodiles. E hana i kēia, e i ia e'āno'ē, e like me ka wā i ke kālā hope i kekahi kanaka kuai he kanakē, i ka berena. Kālaiʻike - ka alualu o ka ole-existent, i mea maikaʻi ma mua pono maikai. A me ka mea i kanaka e e hauʻoli, irresponsible hopuna'ōlelo a me ka'āina nā palapala. Paha kekahi o na mau maoli hana o ka kālaiʻike - e luku mai ia i ka manao, he pono ole postulates.

Linguistics a me semiotics

I pili i ka 'epekema ka hoʻonaʻauao Pyatigorsk kakau iho la, a olelo'āina hana hoihoi. No ka laʻana, i ka hihia. Poe akeakamai kuhikuhi lakou noonoo ana ma o ka 'ōlelo, a me kona mau hoa, nolaila, kālaiʻike ua nui pili loa i pili me ka sociology a me linguistics. He nui nā 'ōlelo hoʻomaka lākou mau olelo me na huaolelo: "ka mea, ua ike ia ..." a me "a pau ike ia ...". Kēia mea he wahahee. ʻAʻohe ahuwale. Na mea a pau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka immediacy o ko mākou "makemake-au e makemake ole." Normal no ke kanaka - e, mai manaʻo a me ka mai i ike i kekahi mea. None o keia i ole i make. ʻO wai ka mea, no ka laʻana, e hoʻomanaʻo i ka linguists nui o ke kaulana a pau ma luna o ka honua, "Moscow ka pūnana"? Normal Lūkini kanaka i kekahi kanaka e i ike i na inoa: Starostin, Klimov, Yakovlev a me Polivanov, Abaev ... ma ka West hoonani aku Lūkini linguists A. Ka mea, i nā mea a pau a me Jacobson, hooponoia, a me Zalizniak. Aia nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha hoʻolaʻa ai i mau kanaka, e rethink i ka Lūkini 'ōlelo. Mau nīnūnē i hoolilo i na mea he nui haʻi'ōlelo haawiia ma Lūkini kulanui Aleksandr Moiseevich Pyatigorsky. Photo o kekahi halawai me nā haumāna e pili.

Semiotics Alexander Piatigorsky hana wale nō me ka poe akeakamai. ʻOiai kona pähola 'ma keia wahi ia i ua ole,ʻo ia ia mea i ke koʻi lipi e kōkua kiola aku la i na pilikia ma ke kokoke sciences. He manaoio ana me ke akeakamai, ka mea, ua lapuwale, like semiotics - keia mea maemae kumumanaʻo, akā, ma ka 'epekema he mea hou aku i mea pono keia mau mea noi: mea hiki rula O prognozis hoʻokolohua. Koke ae la oia i hoakaka ia e semiotics ke kōkua noonoo ana ma kekahi wahi.

Ma 'Ōlelo a me ka lealea

Ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau, Pyatigorsk kōkua nui o ka maopopo leʻa i loko o ka'ōlelo o nā Lūkini a me Pelekānia nā haumāna. A me ka poe nona na makua - lahui hoʻonaʻauao kanaka ka poe i hoala mai ai i loko o ka palapala, ai 'meʻe. A e huli mai i ka'ōlelo o, e olelo aku, i loko o Rusia, i ka mea maikaʻi i ka malamaia ana o na keiki a pau hapa-hoʻonaʻauao kanaka - hola 'lii nā kānakaʻenehana a me ka mea kaua nui maoli o.

He ike ka degeneration o ka 'ōlelo, i hiki ole i ka lalo, a mai ka luna, a me ke kulanui Kumu, a kākau i nā lehulehu examples mai lākou iho ka hoao ana. Philosophize IeAUPIIe, IAa IO kanaka, ka poe i lealea. Ka maikai thinkers i loaa mai ka poʻe hoʻi i ka hailona o noa manawa. ʻO ia pili i ka moʻomeheu a me ka 'epekema, i mea i ole ia eʻoiaʻiʻo ma luna o ka holo. Mau hea hana i ke kaʻi ana o ka hala, ma mua o ka laekahi Superjet.

i kekahi wahi o kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino

Ma hope o emigrating i London ma ke kakahiaka nui 70s, i palapala mai ai ia i ka luhi i loko o ka Soviet Union i pili i ka mea - i ka nā kaʻao, nonsense, aʻaʻole oiaio. He pono makemake e noho i loko o ke ao nei, akā,ʻaʻole i loko o ka kela aina. A me ka mea i hanaia. He haʻalele i ka poe akeakamai a me kana keiki, mai kona mare mua, a he keiki mai o ka lua. Young wahine, ua hapai hou, uaʻoi aku ko lākou pili. Ma hope o ka pōkole manawa, a me kona mau mākua hui i ka Londonʻohana. A laila, ua mare i ke kolu o ka manawa, a hoomaka ae la e lawe mai i na mea he nui moopuna. Eia keia ua Pyatigorskiy Aleksandr Moiseevich. Personal ola i lilo ma ka manao lokahi ke aloha a me kā lākou a pau na wahine a me ka hanohano mau ohana maikaʻiʻana, ma muli naʻe o mau mare. Paha kona kumu pono kila lokomaikai a me ka vitality.