Sergei Dovlatov, kākau: ke ola a me ka hana

Sergei Dovlatov - he mea kākau kona ola ua narrated e ia i kona wā e ola. Lyrical moʻolelo i loko o kona mau puke lilo i ka moʻolelo pono'ī nova maoli nō.

Leningrad

Ma ka Leningrad moʻolelo keaka wale ohana Donat Mechik i ka makahiki mua o ke Kaua Honua II ka mea, he keiki kāne, ka mea i ka inoa o Dovlatov hope. I ka mea kākau, ka mea i lilo kekahi o nā kaiāulu heluhelu iho kākau o ka makahiki hope, i ka makahiki i kakahiaka nui o kona ola lilo ma Ufa. Ia i malamaia ma ka 'āpana, I ka hana ana i loko o Leningrad nui-holo nupepa, ma keʻano he kakauolelo a me ka malama ia me he alakaʻi. I kona hoʻokoe manawa oia ua kākau moʻolelo. Naʻe, i kekahi o ko Dovlatov ka puke i paʻi i loko o Leningrad. Like, nae, a ma kekahi'ē aʻe kūlanakauhale i loko o ka Soviet Union.

Sergei Dovlatov - ka mea kākau kona Ana Aina, e like ke ola, Ua piha o ke kaumaha a me ka hoʻoponopono-irony. Ke kanaka palapala hiki ole e haawi i ka palapala, ai ka hana, no ka mea, o ka integral hapa o kona ola. Akā, inā he kanaka e noho ana i loko o ke ao nei o ka hua'ōlelo, punahele mea 'aʻole e hoʻolako i ka mea kumu, loaa ia ia iho i loko o ka pilikia kulana home' ole. Ke ala mai o keia kulana home 'ole no ka Dovlatov lilo emigration.

HI

A loa okoa honua i ike ai i loko o kēia 'Amelika kulanakauhale mea kākau Dovlatov. Kona Kawaihae nā he umi-makahiki noho i loko o ke pio. Mau makahiki, oia hana like me ka kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa i loko o ka 'ihiʻihi puke, hana ma ka Lūkini-'ōlelo Radio kaulana, a i ka wā e hele mai ai i kaulana. About kana hana nui flatteringly nui wā: Kurt Vonnegut, Irving Howe, Victor Nekrasov, Vladimir Voinovich. Dovlatova heʻumikumamālua nā naʻau o ua mau paʻiʻia ma kahi e aku. Ka hapa nui o ia mau mea i loko o ke ola o ka mea kākau unuhi 'ia i loko o English, Kelemānia a me nā' ōlelo a pau.

I make ai iā ia i loko o ka ukana o ka "mua kōkua". A mau mika haʻalele i ka haukapila. Ka untimely make ana, he hewa kupono i ka carelessness, ma ka mana o ka i ka pono nui, aole i loaa ola kino lapaʻau, a me ka naue like. Sergei Dovlatov - Ma kekahi o ka loa i paʻi kākau i kēia lā i ka haukapila pa, make iho la ia no ka poe ilihune. hookahi mea kākau Igor Efimov olelo mai ai ia ia: "Ua make nō anei o undeserved ole nae ia ia." Kekahi o na alanui o New York i ka inoa i loko o ka hanohano o ka emigrant kaulana.

"? Aie?"

I ka mea kākau o kēia moʻolelo i loko o kekahi o kona mau palapala i ka hoʻopuka koke mai la oia i ka hanana i hanaia kona kumu, ua hoʻoholo ma mua o ka hopena o kona kakau ana. Man i ka artist ia ia mai ka hiki e extract nā kiʻi a me nā storylines, mai ka pouli lua.

E like me ka teenager, kekahi o koʻu punahele moʻolelo Dovlatov ua Ernest Hemingway. ʻae nō hoʻi, ma lalo o ka aoao o ko 'Amelika a me ka honua Classics, a hana i kekahi hanana dovlatovskogo kaila: realism, brevity, nele o metaphors. Eia naʻe, e like me ka mea kākau i mai la, "? Aie?", E like kona makemake ia e wale ma Chekhov. Ano o kanaka a me ka wahi, i hiki ai i ka mea i loaa ia lakou ia lakou iho, hoihoi aku la ia ia oi ma mua o na mea e ae.

Puke "? Aie?" Like hoʻi me nā hana, i mua paʻiʻia i loko o ka United States. Ka puke - i ka manaʻo o ko ke karaima ao nei, a i ka eyewitness oia ia ia iho Dovlatov. Ka mea kākau hooku iho la ia hanana ma ka ano o chaotic kaila. E hana ana i luna maluna o lakou, i ike i ka weliweli a me ka absurdity o ko ke ao nei i loko o ia mea i hanaiaʻi. Akā, ua hiki ke lawe au i ike ai ma ka pepa wale nō nā mea a pau, me ka pathos. Ka pomaikai, makemake, ka olioli, ka inaina, lili - a pau kēia mau waeʻano a pau loa imua i loko o nā mea a pau nā kaiapili. A me ka i hana i ka mea, i nā lālā o ka mea, - hana hewa a me ka pono makaainana. Ma laila, hiki i na mea a me ka naʻaupō hiki e manaolana ke kanaka e huli ma ka halepaahao me ka subhuman rula olioli, a, e hiki ke ike i ke ano o ka absurdity. Akā, Sergei Donatovich i nolaila, lilo i ka mea kākau moʻolelo,ʻo ia ua hiki ke noonoo i ka manawa o ka Classic kiʻi o ka "uuku ke kanaka."

"Reserve"

Sergei Dovlatov - ka mea kākau moʻolelo kona mau buke i ka palena manawa o kona kino pōʻino. He nui nā kākau i komo iloko o kona hanauna, waiho wale aku i ka hopena kaumaha. Ka mea, Ua i ike i loko o kona'āina, e noho kokoke ma kaʻilihune, hoomaau e KGB. Akā, i ka hana a Dovlatov, ma nō naʻe o nā mea a pau i ka hahau ana mai o ka make, imbued me lyricism a me irony. Kēia mea i kekahi kiʻiona hiʻona o kona Aina.

Ma wale i kekahi mau makahiki ma mua haalele Dovlatov hana i loko o ka Pushkin Reserve, ma ka Pskov māhele 'āina. Kona mau puke ka mea, i paiia. Ka mea, ua mea e kākoʻo i ka 'ohana. Akā, i ka hana i hooeueuia lakou e alakai i ka mea kākau o ia e pili ana kekahi autobiographical puke, a me ka ubiquitous "iki ke kanaka".

Ma ka hana kuanaʻike, ka mea kākau hōʻike ana i ka "Reserve" o ko lākou mau huapalapala. Ua ninoaaeyao he kūikawā wahi ma ka maka o ka nīnūnē meʻe Ivan Mihalych: kanaka inu, akā, aliʻi, e like me ka mole, aole ia e ohi i? Ieaoa. Onaona kiʻi o ke kulanakauhale uaʻona, eccentric kanaka o ka kūloko rowdy, ka lolouila, akā, oluolu kamaʻilio ma ka oihana o ka lālā o ka KGB. A me keia e ku e ia i ke kāʻei kua o ka paakiki o ko kena ae la e kaawale ana mai ka ohana a pau. 'O kēia ka halawai haawina Dovlatov: o ka mea nui,ʻaʻole i kākau, a me ka olelo, a me ka simpler - i ka maikaʻi.