Spina bifida - He aha ka mea? Loa spinal abnormalities

Malformation o ka spine, a hiki e ukali ma kāna hana o ka spinalʻaha, - Spina bifida. He aha ka mea, i loko o ka mea hoopii, e ku oe, a hiki i kekahi haunaele ma ka kino hiki ia ho - me nā pane i kēia mau nīnau e e loaʻa i loko o kā mākou 'atikala. Eia naʻe, no ka mea, o ka naauao o ka lapaʻau kiʻi o ka maʻi mea i pono e maopopo i ka manaʻo o ke kanaka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana, ka anatomical 'ole o ka spine a me ka spinal kaula i hana'.

I ka manaʻo o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana

Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana - i ka nui loa o na kanaka ua'emi ko kahua. Ua ua poe e ka lolo, a spinal kaula, a ua i mai o neurons a me kā lākou mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana. CNS hoʻokumu ekolu poe: i lalo, meakino, a kiʻekiʻe. No ka mea lalo a me ka waena nō nā spinal kaula, i ka medulla oblongata, ka midbrain, ka midbrain a me ka cerebellum. Mau eiiiiiaiou hooponopono i ka ha awina o kēia nā loko, kukulu iho la lakou i ka pilina therebetween, e hoʻopaʻa i ka pono o ka meaola functioning. Higher CNS hookaawale poe cerebral hemispheres a functionally hoakaka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me ke kaiapuni.

O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana - i ka manaʻo o ka poe noonoo ole a me ka luna 'reactions - reflexes. Ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana ua hana i loko o ka mua pule o ka hāpai keiki no o ka mea kūikawā 'ole - ka ectoderm. Inā ka hewa mahele a me ka ulu ana o nā aʻalolo keena aicieeaao he neural şarkı kina, a a laila hele aku ai i ka ulu ana o spinal pathologies.

Spinalʻaha - ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana hui, aia i loko o ka spinal Canal. Notional palena ma waena o ka spinal kaula a me ka lolo mālama 'ia ma ka wahi interleaving pyramidal olona. A me ke poo a me ka spinal ke kaula e wahiia wahī, iloko olaila o ekolu mau papa: he paa, a me ka punawelewele, vascular. Mai mawaho poino lolo i malama i ka puniu wale no, ka spinal kaula - i ka spine.

Ka 'ole o ka vertebral kolamu

Spine - o ka hookumu ana o ke kanaka iwi ninoieo o vertebrae, ma waena o a ka intervertebral nā pā - ka cartilage, ahu iho. Functionally, na kipaku aku ai iā i kohoʻia o ka spine. 33-34 i loko o kekahi kanaka vertebra, ka mea, conditionally hui i pauku: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx.

Kēlā me kēia vertebra ua hana kino piʻo a me keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Ke kino a me ka piʻo hoolilo vertebrate wehe keʻano o ka hanaʻana vertebrae e pili ana i kekahi i kekahi, a hana i ka hana o ka IeIIeYOA i na nāʻiʻo. Ma ke ola i ke kanaka kino vertebrae lua merge i loko o ka hookahi vertebral Canal, a, ma ka mea, o ke kahua o ka spinal kaula wahi. Akā, loaʻa nō pathological wahi, i hiki ai i laila mea kekahi i loko o ka iwi - ". Spina bifida" Ua kapaia keia kŰia

Ke spinalʻaha eaaaony palapala o ka lolo a me kaʻike ākea ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu. Central Kanal - i ka lua i loko o ka spinal kaula. Spinal kaula, e like me ke poo, i ka ekolu-ahu ihoʻili lahilahi ma waena o nā papa i loaʻa i ka cerebrospinal loli. I ka iwi o ka vertebrae, a me ka pā iwi o ka spinalʻaha ho okumu i waena o ia i epidural makahiki piha me ka momoma'aʻaʻa a me ka venous hei.

Spina bifida: He aha ka mea?

Spina bifida - keia degeneration o ka spine (spina bifida), a i pinepine exacerbated ma ka pathology - hypoplasia o ka spinal kaula. Kēia kina hoʻomaka e hoike mai ai ia ia iho ma na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao kakahiaka o ka hāpai keiki, a mea i hahau i loko o ke kahua o ka neural Tube. Na neural Tube - ka 'ole o ka i mea ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao ma hope o ka hāpai keiki ka embryo ua hana ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana - o ka lolo a me ka spinal kaula. Lehulehu nā moʻolelo o nā mea maʻi me Spina bifida maʻi haawi kumu e classify i kekahi mauʻano o ka pathology ma i kulike ai me ka oolea o ke malformations:

• conditionally mehana ano: latent Spina bifida, meningocele, lipomeningotsele;
• loa: myelomeningocele; myelomeningocele, hydrocephalus huikau.

Spina bifida ua 'akomi i ka waʻume mākenēki resonance kiʻi a nejrosonografii.

'Ikepili helu hōʻike i loaʻa mea he maʻi i loko o na kamalii uuku 1-2 i ka 1000. ka pathology Ua aaiaoe, no ka mea, i ka 8% o ka hai hanau kūkulu diagnosed me Spina bifida. Kauka e olelo aku i ka mea i oi paha ke ana i loko o na keiki i hanau i na wahine kahiko. Eia naʻe, 95% o nā keiki me ka spina bifidaʻike, ikea ola makua, ka poe e ole e ae mai i ka like maʻi.

Mehana ano o Spina bifida

Hidden Spina bifida (occulta) - ka loa mehana ano o ka maʻi, no ka mea he mea underdevelopment, he uuku nahā i loko o ka vertebrae. Loa pinepine ia ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka lumbar a sacral spine. Kēia pathology huna wale i ka spine iwi'aʻaʻa, a aole i pili i ka spinal 'ole. I ka maʻi ua moderately i olelo ia, a me ka pinepine, aole i hoike mai ai ia ia iho ma symptoms i e hoopilikia i ke kanaka. He nui nā mea maʻi i kēia maʻi, a ua ike ole aku o ko lākou mau maʻi. Visually kekahi 'hoailona o ka maʻi i loko o ka keiki ke lilo i pūpū o ka lauoho, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO uuku; momona eke; kaumaha a kekahi e ola, i loko o ka wahi o ka pathology.

Wale nō ma kekahi mau hihia (ma kahi o 1 mai o 1,000 hihia i hoʻonalonalo i ke ano o Spina bifida) abnormality hiki aku ai i ka ooieoeiiaeuiuo haunaele ma ka urinary'āpana, na naau oʻu, Muscle nawaliwali o ka lalo lala, a hiki i ka curvature o ka spine. kekahi mau helu o vertebrae o ka spine ua ana hōʻike i loko o ka 'inikua mooolelo o ka hoomanawanui, ma ka a ua he pathology. No ka laʻana, ka mea e komo ai "Spina bifida posterior S1" Hōʻike nā pilikia o ka mua vertebra sacral spine.

Meningocele -ʻano spina bifida, ma i ka hou i ka degeneration o ka iwi lolo aiiay wahi hiki ke hana me ka bulge a capsules ma kekahi kau. Pinepine, i ka spinal kaula a me nā aʻalolo keʻano o ka hanaʻana me ka pathologies a me ka hōʻemi iki mā. Ma ka hapanui o na hihia, ua uhiia ka ili, a conventionally i malama kona Contents i ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku. Naʻe, i kēia uuku kina ponoʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau e paʻipaʻi mea hoʻonani mā.

Lipomeningotsele

Lipomeningotsele - heʻano o Spina bifida, i ua noʻonoʻo lōpū pathology. I lapaau, ke kue ua hoʻolaha me ka symbiosis hana spinal hernias a me lipomas - benign hikoko. Kēia hoʻohuikau i neural şarkı ho okumu ia lŘlŘ iloko o ka mua 20 lā o ka hāpai keiki. Lipomeningotsele he kina i hiki i ka ulu ana o neurological pathologies, a hiki aku i ka maʻi nui o ka genitourinary'ōnaehana, liʻiliʻi - adipose'aʻaʻa ka lawe puʻe ma ka spinalʻula. Ua haawiia i ka mōʻaukala o nā mea maʻi i loohia lipomeningotsele, hiki ke conditionally puunaueia i eha pūʻulu o pathological hoike ana mai o ka maʻi.

• me neurological, pelvic a me ka orthopedic kāna hana;
• mehana paresis o nā wāwae, wawae deformation;
• loa hihia hoʻi Hawaii hana, curvature o ka spine, pelvic papa kāna hana;
• lala deformities, loa pelvic pathology.

No laila, ka mea wale, a me ka maikaʻi loa iapaau ana no keia maʻi ua manaoia e e koke kakahiakaʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau 'uao. Ma ka huipūʻana me kaʻoki kino, e wehe momona mauʻeke hiki ke lawe ea hernia ka puka pā.

Myelomeningocele - he nui ke ano o Spina bifida

Ka loa loa 'ano o ka maʻi, a ia lŘlŘ i loko o 75% o nā hihia o degeneration o ka vertebrae - myelomeningocele (Cystica spina bifida). He aha ka mea? Encephalocele - he kaula hehee ai i protrudes ma ke kina i loko o ka spine. I kekahi manawa, i ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku a hiki i ka spinalʻaha ua hoomaluia ma kaʻili, i loko o nā hihia, lolo'aʻaʻa me nā aʻalolo kupu ma ka hopena e hele mai ana mai. Ma keia palapala o ka maʻi mea inevitable neurological kāna hana. Ke degere o ia kāna hana e e hooponoponoia ia mea, ma ka oolea o ke kina o ka spinal kaula a me ka spinal hapa, ma i ka 'aʻe' ana. Inā ka maʻi e loli ai ka hopena o ka spinal kaula, ka pilikia ka heluna i ka genitourinary'ōnaehana a me ka naʻau liʻiliʻi, haʻahaʻa lālā lōlō ia lŘlŘ.

Pinepine, spinal hernias ana i loko o ka lumbosacral spine. hihia ka wā pathology e hoʻomōhala ai i ka pae ana o ka thoracic a cervical spine, nae, loaʻa i loko o 'inikua hana. Eia naʻe, ka mea neural şarkı kina pinepine pu ia e kekahi 'aʻe' - hydrocephalus a Chiari anomaly, kena ae la ma kekahi wahi nahā o ke kahua o cavities loko o ka iwi poʻo lama.

Hydrocephalus a Chiari anomaly

Hydrocephalus (ka wai ma luna o ka lolo) - he pathology mai ana hoʻomāhuahua mai o cerebrospinal loli i loko o nā ventricles o ka lolo. Cerebrospinal loli - waiona - ua noke hoʻolahaʻia i loko o ka ventricular nenoaiu.

Ke koi 'ia ka leo o cerebrospinal loli hiki ke kele pūnaewele i loko o nāʻaoʻao:

• glandular keena hua mai la na moku ma o ka lolo ventricles;
• propotevanie i hanaʻia e like me ka hopena o ke koko wai koko ma ka vascular pa.

Cerebrospinal loli circulates mai na ventricles a hiki i ka lolo a me ka spinal subarachnoid wa o ka lolo. Intracranial a spinal waiona hakahaka i loko o ke ola i ke kino i noniakahi. I ka wā o ka lumbar herniated, i hana pü hydrocephalus. hoʻomāhuahua o ka loli hiki aku ai, e hoomahuahua ae la lakou intracranial puʻe, e hiki aku ai oukou mea i ike ai i ua hoʻemi, ka hanana o ke kāʻili 'ana, strabismus, nawaliwali o na nāʻiʻo o ka luna, a malaloʻaoʻao. Oia ka haunaele ka hopena loa neurological kāna hana, make o ka 'imi naʻauao nā mea hiki, make.

Anomaly Arnold Chiari - he pathology ma i ka amygdala i kuʻu iho i lalo i ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mua a me ka lua o ka cervical vertebrae, ma laila ka paleʻana holo o ka cerebrospinal loli.

ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau o myelomeningocele

Ka mea nui weliweli a hiki i ke ola ana o ke keiki me ka myelomeningocele mea he nahā i hernia sac a me ka noho nā mea palahēhē maloko o kona Contents. Infectious complications, decompensation hydrocephalus - i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o kiʻekiʻe keiki make, diagnosed me Spina bifida. Once ia akulla liquorrhea - no cerebrospinal loli - ua lawe mai pilikiaʻoki kino, e wehe i ka spinal hernia.

I ka lā, ka mea e pono ai ke hana, e hoʻopau i kēia mau pathologies i ua hoʻohana ana ma ke ao nei, ia mea, e lawe mai prenatal ana o spinal hernia. I aku la oʻano oʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau 'uao' ano ua ālai ka hooulu ana o ka hydrocephalus a me Chiari anomaly ma opiopio nā mea maʻi; e pale complications kaumaha a me ke ola-na olelo hooweliweli au, e like me mahope holo alaʻokoʻaʻoki kino. Ka luna manipulation haawi keiki ka hiki wale mai no i ka maʻamau kiʻekiʻe o? Acaeoey a me ka mea e like ai o ke ola.

Inā 'āwīwī fetalʻoki kino no kekahi kumu ole, ua haliia mai la mawaho, akoakoaia e shuntʻoki kino, a normalizes ka nui o cerebrospinal loli. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO, keia hana ua lawe mai i loko o nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Spine ke Kalinika - 'inikua kula ololi pulakaumaka, a IeAUPIIe, IAa IO kōkua i hoʻoponopono i na mea he nui o ka pili me ka spinal pathologies na pilikia.

lapaʻau '

Ma ke kālā no lapaau, Spina bifida ua diagnosed ma na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao kakahiaka o ka hāpai keiki. Nolaila, prospective makua i ka manawa eʻike, a me kaʻike o ka manaʻoʻike hoʻomākaukau no ka nahunahu me ka hiʻona. Ma ka kekahi lima, ka mea, hoi i ka manawa a me ka wa pono, e hooholo i ka ole-mālama o ka fetus.

Ma hāpai keiki (16-18 pule), expectant makuwahine undergo loiloi e ho'āʻo ai, ma muli o ke koko hōʻike. Ka papa hana ninoieo ma o kéu hoʻomaopopo i ka lehulehu o embryonic kumuʻiʻo, i loko o ka maʻamau papa o ka hāpai keiki hua mai i ka hua i loko o ka uuku dala. Ma ke alo o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana kina AFP lehulehu māhuahua. Aia mau hiʻona no ka hōʻike. Aie i ka mea e hiki hanana o ka wahaheʻe ia ka unuhi i ka hopena o ke Ka Ikepili E e hahai ke akahele a hiki i kekahi o na rula.

• e hookupaa i ka loa pololei hāpai keiki;
• ina ka hāpai keiki mea prolific, ka mea, i ia e diagnosed i ka manawa.

Kekahi hana o kaʻike, ka prenatal ultrasound lawelawe 'ia ma kekahi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka hāpai keiki, ka ho'ā e huai ae pathology. Kēia papa hana e leie aku oe e visualize i ka lolo, spinalʻaha, vertebral kia ao a me kaʻike, i loko o ka 'eleu kūpono. Eia naʻe, ua pono hoike aku i ka manao ana me ka nīnūnē mā (hunaia Spina bifida) abnormality hiki ole ke 'akomi i.

Amniocentesis - puncture ka amniotic loli - kekahi iaoia o kaʻike,. Ua holo ma ke kuikele nui a wale ikaika ma lalo o ka mana o ke ultrasound. Kēia papa hana ua hoʻohana 'ia ka wā i ke koko Ka Ikepili hoike mai i ka oi lehulehu o AFP, a me ke kani ultrasonicʻike, o pathologies i hōʻike'. Wai a me ke koko, hoao no kumuʻiʻo lehulehu rudimentary, oi o i Hōʻike ke alo o ka haunaele i loko o ka ulu ana o ka spinal kolamu.

Kāohi

O ka papa, i kekahi o ka 'inikua hoʻomalu ke kumu hoʻomalu i ina a pau i ka mea kaiapuni a me ka wa e kaawale aku o ka loa-ike kamepiula kumumea i loko o ola makua ua hanau ke ola i ke keiki. Eia naʻe, i kekahi manawa i ke ano kuai ai ole ma mua o ke kanaka kuhi. Akā, me ka ikaika o ka wā e hiki mai makuwahine a me na makua, e hana i ka i kā mākou i mea e ho'ēmi i hiki ka pilikia a hiki i ka palena iki, a emi i ka likelihood o ka ke keiki me Spina bifida pathologyʻaneʻane Aʻohe. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kāohi ana.

Kekahi o na kumu nui ana, e pale aku i ka muli o kekahi keikiʻike, "spina bifida" He akahele hoʻolālā e lilo i hapai. E hana i kēia, kekahi ikehu makuwahine, a me ka makua kāne ma mua i ka hapai ana mea e pono i kekahi, i ka 'inikua ninaninau mea OAXA e hele i kukakuka i ka aaiaoe?. A wahine i hāpai keiki mea pono e alakai i ke ola i ke Aloha Hawaii, e e wary o ka loaa ana anticonvulsants. Akā, folicʻakika i ka mea i pono, ma ka mea ku ole, ua hōʻike 'ia i loko o kēia wā. Ma na mea he nui e hoʻomōhala ana i aina, keia mea i ka papa kuhikuhiE wahi o ka polokalamu paipai ma ka hāpai keiki Health Organization.

Ua pono e hoomanao i ke kamepiula kumumea no ka maʻi, ua aaiaoe nā kūpuna mai; hanau maʻi o na wahine iloko o hāpai keiki, e like me rubella; i ka hopena o ka mea mawaho i hoʻolilo 'ia - pāhawewe, ka waiʻona, ai'.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE theses

Ke'ī mai, i mai i ka ninau «Spina bifida -? He aha ka keia", e hiki ke koho manaʻo nui. Spina bifida - he pathology e ia lŘlŘ ma ka utero, i ka mua pule o ka hāpai keiki. Na wale ala, e pale aku i ka maʻi i loko o ke keiki - hoʻoneʻe ai i ka hāpai keiki, e hooko aku i na mea e pono ai o ka poe kumu, ka expectant makuahine e alakai i ke ola i ke Aloha Hawaii, e e i ka nele o folicʻakika i loko o ke kino.

Inā ua nō i loaʻa ka pathology, haawi ua i wale e Caesarean pauku e pale poino i ka spinal kaula iloko o ka hooholo ana o ka fetus ma ka hanau ana Canal.

E diagnose i ka maʻi, ma laila nō keʻano o nā kiʻina hana - koko hōʻike, ultrasound lapaʻau 'ana, amniocentesis. Inā, naʻe, loaʻa ke kue, a me kaʻike, ua i, ia mea e pono ke lawe maiʻoki kino.

Eiiiaaoeiiiue iaoia - o ka wehe 'ana o intrauterine pathology. Ua lawe Ua hoi maiʻoki kino ma hope o ka hanau ana o ke keiki - i loko o ka muaʻekolu lā o kona olaʻana. Ma ke ala, ua mahuʻi mua i loko o ke keiki Spina bifida hiki i: spinal hernia, e ola, a kaumaha ma luna o kekahi o nā māhele o kaʻili, hana lauoho bun. O ka holo ana, ua i hope hou haʻawina o kaʻike, hope loa - HI, MRI.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka maikaʻiʻole ia ma spinal ieiuaau o IIeEeAIEUAA, e like me nā ooieoeiiaeuiuo kāna hana, i ka maʻi ua hoʻolaha i ka malamalama a me ka kaumaha 'ano apau loa.

Mehana ano Spina bifida IeAUPIIe, IAa IO mai i alakai i ka mea mā, nā mea maʻi i kēiaʻike, socially hakuloli. I Ina o loa mā - meningomyelocoele - ae ho'āʻo ana kīnā hiki ole, a hiki ina ka hana ua holomua.

Spine ke Kalinika - 'ano o ke ola malama hale mai, a ua hana kūikawā ma ka ola lawelawe i ka i malama i ka hoʻomanawanuiʻana i kāna hana o ka CNS nā loko. No laila, i kaʻike, a Spina bifida - ia mea,ʻaʻole he hoahewa. He hiki a me ke ola.