Stanislaw Lem a me kona puke "Solaris"

1961 la i kaha ole wale ka mua kanaka holo ana iloko o ka lewa, akā, i ka mea i ka puke "Solaris" Ua paʻiʻia mua i loko o ka makahiki. I ka mea kākau o kēia fantastic huahana ua he Polish kākau moʻolelo o ka Iudaio kumu Stanislaw Lem. "Solaris" Ua destined e lilo ole wale i ka loa kaulana o na hana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, akā, i haʻalele i indelible hoailona ma ka fantastic moʻokalaleo o ko ke ao nei.

Stanislaw Lem - i ka mea kākau o ka puke "Solaris"

Stanislaw Lem, a me ka mea, kapa aku ia i loko o ka Stanisław Lem'āina, i hānau i loko o ke kūlanakauhale Ukrainian o Lviv, a ma ia manawa no i Poland. Kamaliʻi o ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo hele ilaila. Ma hope o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, ka mea opiopio Stanislaw wae 'inikua oihana, a hele aku la ia i ka noiʻi i lapaau i ka Kulanui o Lviv. Naʻe, a me ka outbreak o ka Apana World War, i puʻe wale akula kēlā, e haʻalele i ke kula, a kiʻi i Lem 'oihana me he welder.

Ka mea kākau moʻolelo a me kona mau makua, he poe Iudaio. Eia naʻe, ua hiki ke pale aku deportation a me ka hoopaa i ka lehulehu e hoʻomoana ai, no ka palapala forged mea.

Ma hope o ke kaua, Lviv lilo kekahi hapa o ka USSR, a me Lem, he Pole, i puʻe wale e haʻalele i kona aina, a neʻe i Kakow. Here ae hoomau ana i kona mau haʻawina ma ka Jagiellonian kula nui.

Ke kaumaha kia-kaua manawa i loaʻa kālā mai Stanislaw Lem he uuku. No ka loaʻaʻana keu ke kālā i loko o kā lākou iāʻoe manawa, kūhelu hana, hoomaka ae la oia e kākau pōkole fiction moʻolelo. Koke Ua mahalo Lem talena, ka hou hapa Ua lilo kona mau papa hana.

I ka 1951, ka mea kākau moʻolelo publishes kona mua nui hana - fiction puke "astronauts". Kēia hana i Lem ike ole wale ma Poland akā, ma ke ao nei. "Astronaut" Ua unuhi 'ia i loko o nā' ōlelo a me ka pinepine republished.

Ma mahope makahiki, ka mea, na lau o ka hailonaʻana no ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Novels "Magellanic Kahulamu", "hoʻokolokolo '", "Edena", "E hoʻi mai ka Stars", "Memoirs i Loaʻa ia i loko o ka' Eha", "Invincible," "Ka leo o ka Haku", "Qatar" a me na mea e ae. Ka pōʻaiapuni o Humorous nā moʻolelo e pili ana i "Ka Star Diaries," na Hawaii o ka astronaut, he ohi o ka pepa (essay), "ʻano o", he Humorous moʻolelo "Ke kaua mai Aldebaran." Series "aoi robots" moʻolelo, "Ka Cyberiad," "aoi o Pirx ka Pilot", "loa ka'ōlohelohe" a mea 'ē aʻe. Mawaena o na hana o ka mea kākau me ka autobiographical puke e pili ana i kamaliʻi ma Lviv "High Castle" a me ka loa kaulana i loko o ke ao nei philosophical fiction puke "Solaris".

Mea kākau make ma March 2006, naau pilikia mai, a kanuʻia ihola ia ma Kakow.

Summary o ka puke "Solaris"

I ke kokoke wā e hiki mai, manaʻo kanaka ua 'Imi ulu ka lewa. Over hoʻokahi haneri a me kanakolu makahiki ma mua o ka moʻolelo Honua Solaris, ua loaa e kānakaʻepekema. Ma mua, manao iho la kanaka i ka mea, ua paʻapū i. Soon, naʻe, manaʻo kanaka loheʻana i kiseleobrazny moana, e uhi ana i ka holoʻokoʻa ili o ka Honua - he mea ola a pau. hauʻoli nā kanaka, a hoomaka ae la e nana i ke ala e e hui 'ana me kēia manaʻo. Akā, i ka hope kenekulia, a me ka hana ia ai a me ka nele.

Ma ka noiʻi ku ma Solaris hele mai ana i ka hou limahana - he psychologist Chris Kelvin. Hana o nā wahi mau hana - Snauta, a Sartorius - ka mea, he nui Kupanaha. A, i ke kolu o ka inoa Gibaryan luna koke ma mua o ka hōʻeaʻana mai o Chris hana he pepehi anaʻia iā iho.

i ole i Kelvin manawa e hōʻuluʻulu i ka lono, ka mea, ua i ike ai i kona mamuli o-loira ikeia Hari. Naʻe, ua hiki ole ia ia, e like me iholaʻo ia i kekahi manawa, hana he pepehi anaʻia iā iho. All hoao ana e pakele o Chris Hari pomaikai ole oe - alaila, hoi hou a me ka hou. Soon psychologist haʻawina i kēlā me kēia poʻe holomoana 'i he like uninvited "malihini" o ka hala. Ua huli i loko o ka manawa, i ka wa kanaka hoʻopaʻa haʻawina Solaris, ka Honua, hoi, hoʻomaka e hoʻomaka "ho okolohua" ma luna o lākou noiʻi. E hana i kēia, ka mea materializes na mea o ka awaawa a me ka hilahila Memories o ka poʻe e noho ana ma luna o ka Honua.

Kelvin a me kona mau hoa sufferers i 'Imi imi i ke ala e kiʻi pohaku uinihepa, o ko lākou mau "hoa", kapa phantoms. Naʻe, ka mea i 'Aʻole e holopono. Ia manawa, Chris hoʻomaka e lilo i pili i Hari, a ua lilo oi kanaka, a koke ia ke koho e pili ana i kā lākou mau kêia kanaka. Kona hoʻomaopopo ana ia mea, ua UOAN e pepehi ia iho, akā,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i hele mai.

Kelvin koke ekolu pohaku, e imi i ke ala e pakele o Hari. Akā,ʻo kona hoa no keia pii ana me ke kaikamahine malū hoʻomau noiʻi. Ka mea, mālama, e loaʻa ai ka pomaikai a me ka luku aku i nāʻUhane Hemolele ma ke koa, me Hari.

Chris ka loa kōkua no ka mea, o keia me keia poho. Kona nā hoapili makau ia ia e hana i kekahi mea lapuwale ia - puhi i ka Honua a me na he pepehi anaʻia iā iho. Akā, seriously rethinking i ka hana 'ia, Kelvin nō e noho ma luna o Solaris a hou noiʻi.

Mooolelo o kākau i ka puke

Ka puke "Solaris" ua i ka mea mua nui na hana o ka fiction Lem. Naʻe, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e neʻe aku, mai ka mea kākau moʻolelo o utopian nā kiʻi o ka wā e hiki mai, typical o kona mamua lopako.

Ke kumu nui loa o "Solaris" Ua kākau i loko o ke kauwela o 1959, ka wā Stanislaw Lem vacationing ma ka hema o Poland. Akā, i ka wā i hoʻi mai ai ka hale, i ka mea kākau moʻolelo kiola i ka paʻa hapa i kākau lima no aneane he makahiki. I ka makahiki 1960, Lem nō ia nō hoʻopau i ka puke "Solaris". No keia hopena,ʻo ia nā kūlanaʻelua i ka hope mokuna, e like me ka pono me hoʻoponopono mua i kākau kikokikona. I ka 1961, he puke paʻiʻia ma Poland, a ma mahope makahiki ia e hoomaka ana e unuhi i loko o nā 'ōlelo a pau.

I hope i kākau ai i loko o kona autobiographical buke oia Lem, he wahi lihi iki o ka mea i loko o kona puke "Solaris" ua inexplicable ia ia. Oiai e hana ana ma ka puke, no ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kekahi manawa ia mea i kekahi'ōlelo iā ia pehea a me ka mea i kākauʻana.

paku mana

I ka makahiki 1963ʻo ia i laila 'o ia i ka' ōlelo Lūkini "Solaris". Ka puke ua ai oluolu me ka Soviet heluhelu i elima wale nō makahiki ma hope o ke paʻi ana o kona mau noʻonoʻo i Film he TV hōʻike me Vasiliem Lanovym māka hōkū.

I ka makahiki 1972, Andrei Tarkovsky i piha hōʻike i ka puke ma ka Lem me Donatas Banionis like Kelvin. Ia manawa, i ke kumu o ka puke ua hala loa negatively reacted i ka rethinking o "Solaris" Tarkovsky, i ka i ana i ka wela a nui i maopopo ole kona manao.

I ka hoʻomaka o ka mau thousandth Stanislaw Lem i kaumaha aku ai i ka ho film i kona puke ma Hollywood. Ma hope iho o ka holo pono o Tarkovsky mea kākau ano pihoihoi mai, akā,ʻae. A ma ka 2002 i ka pale mai ke kolu o ka hoʻololiʻana o ka puke "Solaris". Eia naʻe, e huli mai i ka e hiki oi ke kaawale mai ka palapala noi kiʻi ma mua o ka makahiki 1972.

I ka 2016 Kahiamoe 55 makahiki mahope mai o ka puke o ka puke Stanislava Lema, "Solaris". Ka puke ma luna o nā makahiki i ole lilo kona pilina a me ka mau, e ka naita i ka manaʻo o ka nui a me ka oi hou hanauna o ka heluhelu.