Thomas Alva Edison: Kawaihae a me ka Hawaii photo

Thomas Alva Edison (Hawaii photo ua hoike hope i loko o ka 'atikala) - American inventor nana i kakau i ka mooolelo 1.093 Sila Nui. He i hana mai i ka mua hanalima noiʻi keʻena hoʻokolohua.

Thomas Alva Edison - owai la ka mea?

E hoʻomaka ana i kona 'oihana i loko o 1863, he teenager ma ka telegraph office, kahiʻaneʻane ka wale kumu o ka mana i kekahi o na pu ki primitive, ia mea i ai i kona make ana i ka 1931, hana i loko o ka hoea mai o ke au o ka uila. Mai kona keʻena hoʻokolohua a me nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao i hele mai i ka phonograph, ke kalapona mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku mea hoʻolele leo, incandescent, hoʻokahuli aupuni mīkini hana wāwahie o ka launaʻole ka hoʻokōʻana, i ka mua nenoaiu a kalepa kau iho a me ka mana lako, ka mana uila alahao, me ka walaʻauʻana kumu o ka ho film pono, a ua nui no hoi na hana.

'ōlelo pōkole ma Kawaihae no ka opiopio makahiki

Thomas Alva Edison Ua hānauʻia ma luna o 11.02.1847, ma Maylene, Ohio, ma ka ohana Samyuelya Edisona a me Nensi Eliot. Makua holo i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, mai Canada ma hope o komo o kona makua kāne i loko o ka uprising Mackenzie i ka 1837. I kona ua 7, hoʻoneʻe i kona ohana i Port Huron, Hawaii. Thomas Alva Edison, ka muli loa o ehiku keiki, i noho aiʻaneʻi aʻo ia ka hoʻomaka 'ana i kona ola iho ma ka makahiki o ka umikumamaono. I ke kula, mea uuku, e he mau mahina, ua aʻo. Heluhelu, ke kākau 'ana a me ka makemakika ao mai la ia ia ma kona makuwahine, he kumu. He ua mau loa kona hoihoi keiki, a hohola i ka ike iho.

Thomas Alva Edison lilo i kona wā kamaliʻi, he hailona o ka heluhelu, a me na kumu o kona hoʻoulu manaʻo i ke puke "Ka School o Natural kālaiʻike" R. Parker "Cooper Union no ka paipai 'ana o' epekema a me na kilokilo ana." Ka makemake no ka pakiko-icai? Koe me ia, a hiki i kona wa i olaʻi.

Alva hoomaka ae la e hana ana ma kekahi kakahiaka nui elemakule, e like ka hapanui o na keiki i ia manawa. At 13 Hele aku la ia, e hana i ke kuai ana o nā nūpepa a me ke kanakē ma ka kūloko alahao e kuhikuhi ana Port Huron i Detroit. Ka hapa nui o kona mau noa manawa, ua pau i ka heluhelu iao? Iiaie oaoieei buke, a hoi i ka manawa e aʻo i ka hana ma ka telegraph. Ma ka makahiki o ka 16, Edison i ua lawa i ka hana piha-manawa telegrapher ua hoano e.

Ka mua hana mea hou i hana muaʻole

Ka hooulu ana o ka telegraph ua ka mua mua i loko o ka palapala a kipi, a ma ka lua o ka hapalua o ka XIX kenekulia, e ulu hikiwawe loa. Ua haawi Edison, a me kona nā hoapili i ka manawa e hele, e nānā i ka'āina a me ka waiwai ka hoao ana. Alva i hana i loko o ka helu ana o na kulanakauhale ma ka Amerika Huipuia, ma mua hiki ma Boston 1868. Here Edison hoomaka ae la e hoʻololi i kona oihana a hiki i ka telegraph inventor. He Palapala Sila Nui i ka uila koho kākau moʻo'ōlelo - he mea 'ohi' ana i koho kino e like me Ahaolelo, e oia i ke kaʻina hana. Ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole ua he kālepa ole. Edison hoʻoholo ihola ia e hele mai i loko o ka wā e hiki maiʻo ia i nā mea wale nō i loko o ka lehulehu koi ana oia e loaʻoiaʻiʻo.

Thomas Alva Edison: A Kawaihae o ka inventor

I ka 1869 ua neʻeʻo ia i New York, kahi āna i hoomau i ka hana ma ka hana hou i ka telegraph, a hana mua holomua lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe o kona - ". Ao kumukūʻai mīkini paʻi" mail mea hana Thomas Alva Edison, hana i lawe mai ia ia 40 tausani. Dala, i ka mea dala i ka 1871 no ka puka o kona mua liilii, keʻena hoʻokolohua, a manufacturing iacia ma Newark, New Jersey. Over ka aʻe elima makahiki ka mea, ua invented, a i ka manaʻo, me ka nui loa ka hoʻomaikaʻi i ka māmā a me ka hoʻokōʻana o ka telegraph. Edison loaʻa pū manawa e mare Mary Stilwell, a hoʻomaka i ka 'ohana.

I ka 1876, oia kuai lilo aku a pau o kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo ma Newark a hoʻoneʻe i kana wahine, i nā keiki a me ke kookoo ma ka liʻiliʻi kauhale o Menlo Park, 40 ei hema-komohana o ka New York City. Edison kūkulu i ka hou mea i loaʻa nā mea a pau e pono ai no ka inventive hana. Kēia noiʻi keʻena hoʻokolohua i ka mua o ko lakou ano iho, a ua lilo ia i kumu hoʻohālike no ka mea hope hui e like me Bell keʻena hoʻokolohua. Ua ua olelo mai ia ia i kona nui hana mea hou i hana muaʻole. Here Edison hoomaka ae la e hoʻololi i ke ao nei.

Ka mua phonograph

Ka mua hana mea hou i hana muaʻole nui ma Menlo Park lilo i ka pepa kini-phonograph. Ka mīkini mua i hiki ke palapala, a pāʻani hoʻi kani, hana i ka furor, a lawe mai Edison lahui kaulana. Me ia, oia holoholo mākou i ka aina, a ma April 1878ʻo ia i kono ai i ka White House, e ÷ ike i ka phonograph Pelekikena Rutherford Hayes.

uila malamalama

Na kekahi poʻe nui loa Edison i ka hooulu ana o ka incandescent kukui mea hiki. I ka manaʻo o ka uila malamalama ua i hou, a me kekahi mau kanaka i hana mua ma luna o laila, a hiki i ka hoʻomōhala i kekahi o kona 'ano apau loa. Akā, a ia manawa, ia ia i hana i kekahi mea i hiki e hiki no ka hale hana.

Edison ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole kānaka apau i mākaukau mea ole wale incandescent, akā, i ka mana lako'ōnaehana, a i na mea a pau e pono e e hiki, palekana a me ka hoʻokele waiwai. Mahope o kekahi a me ka hapa makahikiʻo ia i ua holomua, ka wā i incandescent ipukukui, a hoʻohana i ka carbonized filament kukui no 13.5 hola.

Ka mua lehulehu h ÷ o ka ho'ā nā'ōnaehana i paʻa i loko o December 1879, ka wā ia i kona kūlana me ka pau luna 'o nā keʻena hoʻokolohua ma Menlo Park. I kekahi mau makahiki i ka inventor ua laʻa ka hanaia'na o ka uila. I September 1882 hoomaka ae la oia e hana i ka mua kalepa mana ia hoonoho ai i kahi ma luna o Pearl Street ma Lower Manhattan, i hoolako uila a me ka malamalama i nā mea kūʻai mai ma luna o ka wahi o ka hoʻokahi huinahalike ka mile. Pela i hoomaka ai i ke au o ka uila.

Edison General pila nui

uila kau iho i ka pomaikai alakaʻi i ka inventor e kaulana a me ka waiwai e like me ka hou 'enehana palahalaha ae hoʻomaka koke ma ka honua i ka. Uila Company hana mau e hoʻomōhala a ka mea, merged i ka MH 1889 ma ka "Edison General ka pila." I loko nō o ka hoʻohana 'ana i na inoa o ka inventor i loko o ka inoa o ka hui, oia i kūʻole i ia. Nui ka nui o ke kapikala koi 'ia no ka hooulu ana o ka ho'ā nā hana, ninau mai la Kaʻahumanu waiwai kūʻai kapa e like me JP Morgan. Ka wā, i ka 1892, Edison General uila merged me kona papa kuhikuhiE competitor Thompson-Houston, ka inventor o ka inoa i holoiʻia mai kona inoa.

Wahine kāne make a me ka lua o ka mare

Thomas Alva Edison, nona pilikino ola i ka 1884,ʻino ihola ma ka make ana o kana wahine, Mary, i ole i ka manawa, e hoʻolaʻaʻia lā Menlo Park. A no ka mea, o ka mea komo i loko o ka hana, hoomaka ae la oia e kipa ma laila i emi. Akā,ʻo ia a me kāna mau keikiʻekolu - Marion Estelle, Thomas Alva Edison Jr., a Uilyam Lesli - noho i loko o New York. A makahiki hope, e kau mai ana i loko o ka hale o ka hoa o loko o New England, Edison halawai mai la me iwakalua Mina Miller, a aloha aku ia ia. Ka ahaaina mare i wahi ma Pepeluali 1886, a ua neʻe akula i ka hui i West Orange, New Jersey, ma ka na kahu i kuai ai i kona wahine waiwai Glenmont. Ke hoeeia e noho nei a hiki i kona make ana.

Keʻena hoʻokolohua ma West Orange

Ma hope o neʻe i Thomas Alva Edison i komo i loko o ia mea i loko o ka makeshift o Nuioka ma loko o ka Lamp hola i loko o kokoke Harrison, New Jersey. A mau mahina ma hope o kona mare ana, ua hoʻoholo i kūkulu i ka hou keʻena hoʻokolohua i loko o kona West Orange, he hookahi mile, mai kona wahi aku. Ma ka manawa a pau lawa kumu waiwai a me ka mākaukau, e kūkulu i ka maikai i hoʻolako pono, a me ka nui keʻena hoʻokolohua, i oi ia a pau'ē aʻe, no ka poe ola, a me ka inexpensive? Acaeoey o ka hana.

Ua wehe ia ka hou luna 'o ka elima na hale i loko o November 1887. Na-yoa? Iiai ekolu papa hale, he mana, ma paʻi nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao, aee, iauaeoia no ka ike maopopo ana a me ka nui hale waihona puke. Lau liʻiliʻi hale i kūkuluʻia p ÷ haku i ka papa kuhikuhiE accommodating i ke kino ai, a me ka Nine Inch metallurgical keʻena hoʻokolohua, he Workshop no ka hanaia ana o kekahi laʻana a me ka waiho waho pūnaewele o Nine Inch. Ka nui ka nui o ka luna 'ae' Edison, e hana mai i kekahi akā, ma he umi a he iwakalua pāhana ka poʻe. Hale hui i ai hou, e halawai me ka hoʻololi pono o ka inventor a me kona make ana i ka 1931. No ka mea, he nui na makahiki a puni ke Keʻena ua kūkuluʻia nā hale hana no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o Edison ka puke i haku ai. Ka holoʻokoʻa eiiieaena ultimately i oi aku mamua o 8 aa, a me ka manawa o ka First World War, 10,000 kanaka hana ma laila.

i hoʻopaʻa 'ia hana

Ma hope o ka puka ana o ka hou keʻena hoʻokolohua, Thomas Alva Edison hana mau, e hana ma ka phonograph, akā, laila, kau ia i ka welau o ka 1870s komo i loko o ka pila malamalama. I ka 1890, hoomaka ae la oia i ka hana phonographs no ka hale a me ka kālepa ana. E like me ke kukui uila, oia 'ia nā mea a pau e pono ai no kā lākou hana, e like me maalea no nā leo i hoʻopaʻa' ia a me ka hōʻike hou, e like me lako a pan no ko lakou kala. Ma keia hihia, Edison i hana mai i ka moolelo oihana puolo. Hoʻomohala a me ka hou ana o ka phonograph hele ma noke a hoomau kokoke i ka make ana o ka inventor.

hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni

I ka Ia manawa Edison ka hoʻomaka 'ana e pili ana mea hiki ke ana maka i ka mea a ka phonograph - no ka mea pepeiao. Ka mea, lilo iho la i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Ke inventor Ua kakaʻikahi ia i ka 1891, a me nā makahiki ma hope hoʻomaka 'manufacturing "kiʻiʻoniʻoni" i loko o ka moku o Nuioka ma, kūkulu i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, ikeia like me ka "Chernaya Mariya".

Like i loko o ka hihia o ka uila malamalama, a me ka phonograph, a hiki i keia noniakahi'ōnaehana no ka mea i hanaia a me ka h ÷ ike ike ana o Film ka mea, ua ulu. Initially, na hana o Edison i loko o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni i mea kū hoʻokahi a me ka mua. Eia naʻe, he nui loa kanaka i hoihoi i loko o kēia hou ka hana a me ka makemake i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka wanaʻao i na¯ hana o ka inventor. No laila, i ka makana i ka kokololio kūpono 'ana o na mea he nui nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni i. I ka pau ana o na 1890s ia i kupu he hou ka hana, a me ka 1918 ko ka mea, ua lilo ia i mea no ka hoʻok & i heleʻo Edison mai o ka hana.

Ke ole o ka hao ka mea e hoohehee

E hana 'ia phonographs a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma na 1890s kokua mai, e compensate no ka hoʻokō' ole 'nui i loko o ka' oihana o Edison. No kaʻumi makahiki āna i hana i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, a ma ka mea kahiko hao mines ma northwestern New Jersey ma nā kiʻina hana o pōʻalo o ka hao ka mea e hoohehee, e halawai me kaʻoleʻana koi no ka kila o nā mea wili o Pennsylvania. No ka Waiwai i kēia hana, Edison kuai lilo aku la i ka "General uila" a pau o ko lākou mau mahele.

I loko nō he umi makahiki o ka hana, a miliona o na dala lilo ma ka noiʻi a me ka ulu, ia i nele i ka e ke kaʻina nā pāʻoihana viable, a me ka ia i lilo i ke kālā a ua hoʻopuka kālā. Kēia e manao kālā hiolo ana ina ole Edison hana mau e hoʻomohala i ka phonograph, a me ka hōʻike i ke ia manawa. Ka mea ia ua, ka inventor komo i ka hou kenekulia noho financially makaʻuʻole a me ka makaukau e hoolei hou i ka hakaka.

'ākilikai o na pu ki

Edison lilo hou i kekahi hana nui loa e hoʻomōhala iuo aaoa? No ka hoʻohana i loko o ka pila kaa. Ke inventor ua loa leʻaleʻa o ke kaa, a me nā mea a pau i kona ola iho la ua i ka mea nona o na ano o ka hana ana ma luna o kekahi ikehu kumu. Edison manaoio aku ia ia no ia mea i ka pono wahie uila, akā, i ka 'auhau o kaʻike mau kēpau-ʻakika iuo aaoa? No keia ua,ʻaʻole lawa. I ka 1899 hoomaka ae la oia hana ma ka'ākilikai o na pu ki. Kēia pāhana ua i ka loa paʻakikī, a i umi makahiki. Ma ka manawa o ka hou'ākilikai iuo aaoa? I hoomakaukauia, kola kaa hou ai i ka uila kaa i ua hoʻohana kākaʻikahi, ka hapanui me ke kumu o ka haawi i loko o nā kūlanakauhale. Eia naʻe, ua maopopo pono no ka ho'ā nā alahao hi a me nā keena, nā buoys a me kona'ākilikai iuo aaoa? Miners mau ipu aila. Akä naÿe i ka hao e hoohehee ai, nui waihona kālā hookupu pahaneri, a ma manawa, o ka o na pu ki ua lilo ka loa e pono huina hoonui o Edison.

Thomas A. Edison Inc.

I ka 1911, Thomas Alva Edison nui he nui hanalima haʻawina i loko o West Orange. A puni ke Keʻena lehulehu nā hale hana, a ua ulu luna 'limahana i mau tausani i kūkulu. E pono alakai i ka hana, Edison ho'ākoakoa aʻela nā mea a pau āna i hoʻokumu i ka poʻe i loko o kekahi hui Thomas A. Edison Inc., pelekikena a me kona luna hoʻomalu ua la ia. He He 64 mau makahiki, a me kona kūlana i loko o ka lehulehu, a me ke ola, hoomaka ae la e hoʻololi. Edison Ua ulele loa o ko lākou kela la i keia hana i ka 'ē aʻe. Ke keʻena hoʻokolohua iho lawe emi ma mua o ka palapala hoʻokolohua a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana na nā huahana. e waiho a loaa Sila Nui no ka hou hana, i nā lā o ka hanaia ana o hou mea, hoʻololi 'ana i ke ola a me ka hana hou na hana Oiai Edison hoomau, ua, ua haʻalele ke kua.

E hana i ka mea e malu ai

I ka 1915, Edison i noi e alai i ka mokukaua Aʻoaʻo 'Ike Loea. US e hookokoke aku ana komo i loko o ke Kaua Honua I, a me ka hanaia'na o ke Komite i ka hoao e hoʻonohonoho i nā tālena o alakaiʻepekema, a inventors ma ka'āina i loko o ka pono o ka US na puali koa. Edison maliu mai i ka manawa. Na Papa i ole i ka nui na makana i ka lanakila hope, akā, i mālama ai i ka precedent no ka wā e hiki mai holomua ke alu like ma waena o kānakaʻepekema, inventors a me US na puali koa. Iloko o ke kaua, ma ka makahiki o nā makahiki he kanahiku, Edison hoolilo kekahi mau mahina ma Long Island ma ka moku o ka Moana, experimenting me ki ina hana like o ka loaʻaʻana o ka mokuluu.

Golden iubile

Thomas Alva Edison o inventors a me industrialists lilo i ka nohona ikona, he hōʻailona o ka 'Amelika hana. I ka 1928, ma ka hoʻomaopopo pono o kona piʻi like, i ka US Ahaolelo Lahui i hookoia ia ia i ka kūikawā kâlâ keʻokeʻo o Honor. I ka 1929, ka aina kaulana i ke gula Iubilē o ka pila, hoa aela. Ke culmination o ka Holiday i kaʻahaʻaina i loko o ka hanohano o Edison, nana i haawi mai Henry Ford ma Greenfield Village iau hou 'Amelika mōʻaukala (ka mea i loa hou-hookupaa keʻena hoʻokolohua ma Menlo Park). I loaʻa 'kipa Pelekikena Gerbert Guver a me na mea he nui e alakai Amelikaʻepekema, a inventors.

Hope no ka laholio

Nā ho okolohua i loko o ke ola o Edison i ma ka noi o kona maikai mau hoa Genri Forda a me Harvey Firestone ma ka hopena o 1920s. Ua makemake aku e huli i kekahi koho kumu o ka laholio no ka pono i loko o kaʻa papale hainaka. A hiki ia manawa, ma ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka papale hainaka i hoʻohana maoli laholio loko mai o laholio laau, i ulu ma ka United States. Maka laholio laweia mai a increasingly pipiʻi. Me kona ano ikehu a me ka thoroughness Edison ho'āʻo tausani o kekahi mau mea kanu, e imi i kekahi hope kupono, a ultimately ike i ka hope o ka laholio hiki e goldenrod. E hana ma luna o kēia pāhana hana mau a hiki i ka make ana o ka inventor.

nā makahiki

Iloko o na makahiki hope elua o ke ola o Edison kona ola kino i deteriorated me ka nui loa. He lilo ka hailonaʻana o ka manawa aku, mai ke Keʻena, kahi o ka hana, mai ka home ma Glenmont. A hele i ka ohana Kauhale ma Fort Myers ma Hawaii lilo hou. Edison hala kanawalu, a me ka ia i ae mai ia mai i ka helu o ka maʻi puʻuwai. Ma 'Aukake 1931, ua lilo loa ka maʻi. Edison ka ola steadily worsened, a ma 3:21 am October 18, 1931 i ka inventor nui i make.

Ua Ua kapaʻia ma hope o ke kūlanakauhale i loko o New Jersey, elua koleke, a me na kula.