ʻO wai nā mammals a pehea ka mea, oko mai nā holoholona?

ʻO wai nā mammals? Kēia papa nā ka loa holomua holoholona i loa holoholona okoa no: he nui Elephant, a me ka meaʻuʻuku iole-V, kahi ilio hae, a me ka poe akahai keiki hipa. Lakou noho ana ma nā mea a pau poetry: ma luna o ka'āina, i loko o ke kai (Dolphin a me nā'ō koholā), ea ('ōpeʻapeʻa). Akā, ai kā ia mai nā holoholona? Pumehana koko? ʻO ia hiʻona ka hoʻomaopop 'ana i a me nā manu. Ke hana, e haawi aku i hanau, e ola opiopio? Ua pono, mua, i nā mea a pau mammals i viviparous. Kekahi o ko lakou kau i ko lakou hua, e like me ka, no ka laʻana, na platypus, ana nā keiki i hanau i oi e likeʻiliahi embryos a me ka i, e "oo ai" i loko o ka kūikawā incubator-kieke ma luna o ka makuwahine o ka opu e like me ka kangaroo. A me ka lua, eia viviparous a me kekahi mau mea kolo, ka iʻa, a me nā mea kolo. Ma ka ninau ana o ka poe na mammals ma mua, mai ka iʻa ka mea, oko, i ka pane mea puni hoʻi: ke alo o ka malamalama. All holoholona hanu ea. No laila, i ka mano, aole ia e pono ke ala hou ana i ka ili, e hanu, e like me kona helehelena Dolphins, a hiki wale mokuhia e me ke ola-e haawi ana ka oxygen. Akā, hou, na ia maʻiʻaʻai i na mea he nui primitive amphibians, a pau na manu.

Mawaena o ka nunui oko holoholona elua wale kiko'î a hiki ke hōʻike 'e hoakaka i na mammals. He ke alo o ka lauoho a me ka ai ana keiki bipi waiu. All wahine o kēia pūʻulu o nā holoholona i ma luna o ke kino o ka mammary glands, a i piha i ka nutrient wai ma hope o ka nahunahu hanau. Keia waiwai, a haawi mai la i ka inoa o nā mea a pau mammals. Mawaena o ka mea 'ē aʻe hiʻona e emi iho i ka holoholona, e nui ana ke hooloihi i ke alo o ka lalo ā, oia no kekahi iwi, a me ka diaphragm e hoʻokaʻawale i ka maʻiʻaʻai a me ka naau, mai ka digestive'āpana.

Akā, i ka mea pono ma ka hoomaopopo ana i na mammals o kā lākou incredibly ulu lolo a me ka'ōlewa kahua hana. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i nā kanaka o ka ia? Ueony, hookahi ma ka ia ana i loko o ke ola e hele okoa. e hiki ke hana i ko lakou hoao ana, e malama, a me kona noonoo lakou. He mea känalua 'ia i loko o ka papa o mammals ikea nānaina o ka Homo sapiens - Homo sapiens. Ua pono, koe wale no ia ia ma ka Honua noho no ma kahi o 5000 laha 'ana o nā holoholona, a i Hoʻohui' Systematics 1.100 genera, 140 ohana a me 18 mau kauoha, a me 3 mau ohana.

No emi hana hoihoi i na lala o ka mammals. No ka mea, a pau lākou'ē aʻe 'ano (Moana kui, manamana a me kanaka me nā keko, māiʻuʻu), ka mea a pau hopena i me ka horny appendage - he fingernail. Ma na holoholona e noho i loko o ka wai, mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana, e atrophy. Kēia hiʻona mea e ke hakuloli i? Aneie rula ka pilina i ka mea i mammals i hohola aku nā mea a pau ma luna o ka Honua a me ka ua ia a pau o ke ola ka niche - ma luna o ka'āina, i loko o ka lewa, ma kai, ma lalo o ka honua. Aie i ka waiwai, e malama i ke kino mahana o ka mehana-koko, ka mea hiki ke noho i loko o ka Arctic (Polar bea) a me ka Tropical (jerboa, nā kāmelo) nahele no hoi ia.

Ke ninau aicieeaao: ka wā he mau i ka holoholona mua? Aia mea i kanalua i ka mea kahiko mammals loaʻa i ka makahiki o ka dinosaurs. A laila, ka mea, uaʻano nuiʻuʻuku i loko o ke kino o Iesu, a ua hoike mai na hoailona o "holoholona-e like mea kolo." E like me nā kānakaʻepekema hana me fossils, i ma kā lākou hoʻolilo wale na kino iwi, ia mea paakiki e hooholo i ka kahua i loko o kēia mau holoholona i ikeia'ku me ka hulu hipa, a me ka hiki i ka hanai ana i keiki bipi waiu. Inā mākou hoʻomaka mai ke ana edinokostnoy mandible, ua maluhia olelo hiki i ke ahiahi, 215 miliona makahiki aku nei i loko o South Africa, Europe, a China noho ma ka mea uuku (15 knm), he holoholona ua like no me ka laekahi shrew.