Nine equilibrium - ma muli o reversible Nine Inch reactions

E like me kekahi o na Mea Maluna hoʻohana i ka hōʻike Nine Inch keʻano o ka hanaʻana, ma laila nō nāʻano o nā reactions e ku pono ana - reversible, a irreversible. Reversible naoh 'aʻole i hiki i ka hopena,' o ia hoʻi, kekahi o na waiwai a i komo i loko o ka mea, ua i hoopauia loa, a 'aʻole e hoʻololi i ka lehulehu. Kēia kaʻina nā kūlanaʻelua hoʻokumu o Nine Inch equilibrium a kaulike, i Kû ke ⇌. Akā, i ka mua, a ke hoʻololi reactions puka hou, me ka noho, no laila, i kapaʻia hōʻeuʻeu koena a me ka lawe lima. Aia, e hele mai i ka Nine Inch equilibrium paipai i ka pololei naoh i wahi ma ka ia māmā (v1), a me ka mea o ka inverse (v2), v1 = v2. Inā ka manaʻo koikoi a me ka mahana i ua hoʻololiʻia, i ke koena i loko o ka'ōnaehana hiki hope loa.

Quantitatively Nine Inch equilibrium ho'ākāka 'ia ma ma ka equilibrium ikaika a mea o ka lākiō o ka laina o ia a eia (K1) a manaʻo (K2) reactions. Ho omaulia mea hiki e like me ka haʻilula: K = K1 / K2. Hana o ka equilibrium a eia i, e hilinaʻi ma o ka haku mele 'ana o nā reactants a me ka mahana.
Pohupani hale o Nine Inch equilibrium ma muli ma luna o ka loina hooponopono o Le Chatelier, i heluhelu ia penei: ", Inā i ka'ōnaehana i mea ma ka equilibrium, ole ma mawaho aʻe, ka equilibrium ua pilikia a ua hoʻoneʻe ma ke ala e hiki aku e ku pono ana a hiki i keia loli"

E hoomanao i Nine Inch equilibrium kumu a me kona pohupani hale ma luna o ka hana o ke kahua o ka ammonia nā lātoma: N2 + 3H2 ↔ 2NH3 + Q.

E noonoo pono i keia naoh helu kaulike, hoonoho iho:

1. kauoha muli o - he naoh o ka hui, e like me 2 o ka poe noonoo ole waiwai 1 eiiieaena ua hana (ammonia), a me ka nana e hoole - decomposition;

2. kauoha naoh puka me ke kahua o ka wela, no laila ia mea - Ua exothermic, nolaila, e hoole - endothermic, a hele me ka omo o ka wela.

Ano, e noonoo i ka helu kaulike i hoakakaia modifying kekahi mea kiko'î:

1. lehulehu loli. Inā i ka lehulehu o ka loiloi mua 'ona hoomahuahua - naikokene a me ka hydrogen - a emi i ka dala o ka ammonia, ka equilibrium kolo ana ma ka akau a hiki i ke kahua o NH3. Inā 'oe makemake e hoʻoneʻe ia ma ka hema, hoomahuahua i ka lehulehu o ka ammonia.

2. Ke wela ala e neʻe i ka equilibrium i naoh i loko i ka wela o ke kemu, a ua kuʻu iho - ua kahiāuli. No ia mea, ina o ka mahana mea ulu o ka ammonia hoʻololi kemikala, ka equilibrium ua 'oni iki ma ka wahi ho pono hana, a laila, i ka hema, a me ka wā i ke ana wela - i ka akau ma ke ala e hiki aku ai i ka naoh huahana.

3. Inā ka'aloʻahiʻa mea ulu, ka equilibrium kolo ana ma kaʻaoʻao, ma kahi o ka nui o ka gaseous waiwai mea emi mai, a me ka wā o ka'aloʻahiʻa emi - ma ke ala e hiki aku ma kahi o ka nui o ke kinoea, piʻi pū. Ma synthesizing NH3 mai N2 a me 4 iole o 3H2 ua loaa 2 NH3. Nolaila, ina ua hoomahuahua i ka manaʻo koikoi, ke equilibrium kolo ana ma ka akau, a hiki i ke kahua o NH3. Inā ka'aloʻahiʻa ua hoemi, ke koena e hoʻololi i ka olelo o ka palapala huahana.

Ke manao nei makou i ka Nine Inch equilibrium hiki ke nee ina o ka mea ulu paha emi ana:

1. wela;

2. puʻe;

3. lehulehu o ka waiwai.

I ka wā i hoʻolaunaʻia ma kekahi hōʻeleu i loko o ka naoh koena ua ole hoʻololi, a laila, Nine Inch equilibrium ua i ko lakou kupikipikio.