Aksenov Vasily: Kawaihae, a me ka mea maikaʻi buke o ka mea kākau moʻolelo

Aksenov Vasiliy Pavlovich -ʻikeʻia ma lehulehu koʻikoʻi a hanohano o Lūkini kākau moʻolelo. i imbued kana mau hana me ka uhane o ka noa, paʻakikī a me ka pēnēia, kekahi manawa surreal, mai haʻalele indifferent ole he hookahi mea heluhelu. I ka 'atikala Kawaihae Vasily Aksenov, a me ka papa inoa o kona loa hoihoi' ka palapala, ai hana e e noʻonoʻo.

i kakahiaka nui makahiki

I ka 1932, 20 August, i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Kazan Paulo Aksenov, Luna hoomalu o ka Kazan City ahalunakanawai, a me Eugenia Ginzburg, he kumu no ka Kazan kumu kiʻina aʻo Institute, i hanau i ke keiki a Basil. E like me ka mooolelo i loko o ka 'ohana ka mea, ua i ke kolu o ke keiki, akā, i ka wale, he pono ole. A hiki aku ia i ua ole i elima makahiki, i hopu nā makua (ma mua o ka makuwahine, alaila, o ka makuakane) a laila, maopopo kona, kela mea keia mea i umi makahiki i loko o ka hale paʻahao. Me ka Stalin mau wahi hoʻomoana, Eugenia Ginzburg a laila kī ana i kekahi puke o memoirs o ke au o ka repression "puahiohio", a e haʻi ana i ka makahiki umikumamawalu, ua lilo i loko o ka halepaahao, ma ka pio, ka Kolyma poe hoomoana. Akā, manawa mea ole ana ia, ke i hoihoi i loko o Kawaihae Vasily Aksenov.

Ma hope o ka hopena o na makua o ka mua keiki - i lawe ai i ka ohana upbringing - Alyosha (keiki a Yevgenia Ginzburg) a me Maya (kaikamahine o Paulo Aksenov). A me Vasya limanui hoouna aku la i ka orphanage no ka poe mamo a convicts (kupunawahine keiki makemake, e mālama iā ia, akā, i i ae ia). I ka 1938, ke kaikaina Petra Aksenova, Andreyan, imi mai i ke keiki i loko o Kostroma keiki a ka hale, a lawe ia ia iho. A hiki i 1948, Bob noho me ka hoahanau ma kaʻaoʻao paternal, Motti Aksenova a hookuu mai ka halepaahao i ka makahiki 1947,, ua i loaa i ke keiki ka makuahineʻae e neʻe i ke Kolyma kana keiki. Hope, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo Vasily Aksyonov wehewehe mai i kā lākou Magedala wā'ōpiopio, i loko o ka puke "Luna."

Education a me ka hana

I ka makahiki 1956, ua puka 'o ia mai ka Leningrad Lapaʻau Institute hoa a me ka haawi aku i ka hana e like me ke kauka i loko o ka Baltic moku Company ma seagoing moku. Naʻe, ke ahonui, i ole haawiia, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ko lakou mau makua i ka manawa rehabilitated. Aia ka hōʻike i Aksenov Vasily quarantine hana me ke kauka ma Karelia, ma ka Aole loa North, ma ka TB haukapila ma Moscow (e like me nā 'ike, ua he nui i ka Research Institute o Tuberculosis ma Moscow), e like me ka pono me ia ma ka kālepa kekahi o Leningrad.

Ka hoʻomaka o ka palapala, ai 'ha awina

'Oihana kākau moʻolelo Aksyonov hiki ke noʻonoʻo i ka 1960. I ka 1959, i palapala mai ai i ka puke "nā hoapili" (ma luna o kona 1962 pakiko-me ke kuleana ho film i pana aku ai), i ka makahiki 1960 - ka huina hoonui o ka "Star balota" (ka hōʻike "kaʻu wahi kaikaina" Ua Film e ia i loko o 1962), elua makahiki ma hope - puke "na alani mai Morocco", a ma ka makahiki 1963 - ka puke "he manawa, koʻu hoa, ia ka manawa." A laila hele mai ka puke Vasiliya Aksenova "Catapult" (1964), a "kahi hapa i ka Moon" (1966). He Radio "E i kuai", a ma ka ia makahiki i ma luna o ke kahua "Contemporary" Ua kākau i loko o 1965. I ka makahiki 1968, ua paʻi i ka moʻolelo satirical fiction ano moʻokalaleo Ke "Overstocked'ōpala barela". Ma ka sixties o ka iwakalua kenekulia hana o Vasily Aksenov pinepine paiia ma ka "Hana" Magazine. Mea kākau moʻolelo no kekahi mau makahiki hana i loko o ka Hoʻoponopono papa o kēia puke.

seventies

"- he kia hoʻomanaʻo i koʻu kupuna kāne," i loko o ka makahiki 1972 - ka lua o ka hapa - ka mua hapa o ka hoike ia Novels na keiki i paʻiʻia ma ka makahiki 1970, "A kumu i loko o kekahi mea i ua kikeke ana." I ka makahiki 1971, ua paʻi i ka puke "Love o ka uila" (no Leonid Krasin), kākau i loko o ka mōʻaukala-biographical Ke 'ano moʻokalaleo. A makahiki ma hope, i loko o ka puke pai "New World" mana hana i ua paʻi ma lalo o ka inoa "ka huli 'ana no ke' ano moʻokalaleo Ke." I ka makahiki 1972, i ka puke "Dzhin Grin - untouchable" i kekahi hana, a ua he parody o ka hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana i kiu. Ma luna ona Aksenov Vasily hana pu me Gregory Pozhenyanom a me Oleg Gorchakov. Ke huahana pae mai ai no ka mea kākau Grivadiya Gorpozhaks (pseudonym o ka hoʻohui pū 'ia o nā inoa a me nā kapaia ekolu kākau). I ka 1976, ka mea kākau moʻolelo unuhi 'ia mai ka' ōlelo Pelekānia puke "Ragtime," Doctorow Edgar Lawrence.

foxmike hana

Kawaihae a Vasily Aksenov hoopihaia me ka pilikia a me ke kālā. Ma March 1966, oiai e komo i loko o ka h ÷ ike ike ku ei ka ho'āʻo manao e rehabilitate Stalin ma Moscow ma Red Square, ka mea kākau moʻolelo e kali ana combatants. Ma ka mau makahiki e hiki mai ana Aksenov i kona inoa i loko o ka moʻo o ka palapala, hoouna aku i ka hoomalu ana o dissidents, a ua reprimanded no ka mea, ma ka Moscow lala o ka mea kākau 'Union me ke komoʻana i loko o ka hana.

Nikita Khrushchev ma ka halawai ana me ka intelligentsia i ka makahiki 1963 ia nema aku Vasily Aksenov a me Alana Voznesensky. I ka pau "thaw", Ua oki ka mea kākau i ka hana, e hoolaha ma ka hale. I ka 1975 ka mea i kākau i ka puke "Luna", a mākou i oleloia mamua. I kona puke,ʻaʻole au i manaolana Vasily Aksenov. "Ka Island o Crimea" - i ka puke ma ka Fantasy ano moʻokalaleo Ke - like i mua e ka mea kākau hanaia me ka manao ana o ka huina hoonui e ke hoʻokuʻuʻia ma ka puka, a ike i ka honua. I ia manawa (1979) critique o ka mea kākau moʻolelo i oi huʻi, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hoopahee auanei na epithets me "Anati-na", "ole-Soviet". Akā, i loko o 1977-1978 Aksenov hana hoomaka ae la e hōʻike wale aku,ʻano nui i loko o ka United States.

Together me Erofeev Viktor Iskander Fazil, Belloy Ahmadulinoy, Bitovym Andreem a me Evgeniem Popovym Aksenov Vasily lilo i ke kākoʻo '-Loulou o a me hoʻokuhikuhi o ka Alemanaka "Metropol" i ka makahiki 1978. Ma ka censored Soviet paapu o kanaka, aole ia i ku, akā, ua paʻiʻia i loko o ka United States. "Anoanoaaiii" laila malalo iho ai i na i komo a pau o ka Alemanaka. Kēia i hahai ma expulsion, mai ka mea kākau 'Union Yerofeyev a me Popov, a ma ka palapala Vasily Aksenov, pu me Semenom Lipkinym a me Inna Lisnyanskaya i hai kona withdrawal mai ka ami, aa aku.

Life i loko o ka USA

Ma ke kono ana o ke kauwela o ka makahiki 1980, haʻalele i ka mea kākau moʻolelo no ka Amerika Huipuia, a me ka 1981, no ka mea, ua hoonele ia o ke kupa o ka USSR. Aksyonov i noho ai i loko o ka United States a hiki i 2004. ʻOiaiʻo ia ma laila,ʻo ia hana me ke Kumu o Lūkini moʻokalaleo ma kekahi mau kulanui ma Amerika: Kennan Institute (mai ka 1981 a hiki i 1982-la), no ke Kulanui o Hawaii (mai ka 1982 a hiki i 1983-la), Goucher College (mai 1983, a me 1988 la), Mason University (mai ka 1988 a hiki i 2009). E like me ke kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa mai ka makahiki 1980 a hiki i ka makahiki 1991. Aksenov Vasily ua hana pū 'ana me "Radio Liberty", "Voice o America" Alemanaka "verb" a me ka Magazine "'āinapuniʻole". Radioocherki mea kākau i paʻiʻia ma ka "makahiki o ka alapahi" ohi paʻi i ka 2004.

Ma kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia i ka malamalama o ka palapala, akā,ʻaʻole paʻiʻia ma ka Lūkini hana "Luna", "Golden lronburg mākou", "The Island o Crimea", he ohi o ka "pono a hiki i ka mokupuni." Eia naʻe, maʻAmelika, ua hoomau e ho okumu Vasily Aksenov "Moscow Saga" (Trilogy, 1989, 1991, 1993), "Noke maikaʻi meʻe" (i ka ohi ana i pōkole moʻolelo, 1995), "New Sweet Style" (ka puke e pili ana i ke ola o Soviet nā meaʻeʻe moku i loko o ka United States, 1996) - a pau o keia i kākau i loko o ka wā o ke ola i loko o ka United States. Ka mea kākau moʻolelo i hana hana ole wale i loko o Lūkini, ka puke "Ka yolk o ka hua manu" (nae ia ia a laila unuhi ia e ka mea kākau) i kākau 'ia ma' ōlelo Pelekānia i ka 1989. Ma ke kono ana o Jack Matlock, o ka USʻelele, ka mua manawa mai hele wale aku no (makahiki eiwa) Aksenov hele mai i ka Soviet Union. I ka makahiki 1990, hoi i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kona Soviet kupa.

E hana i loko o Rusia

I ka makahiki 1993, ka wā o ka Aha Kukamalu o ke hoʻonui, Vasily Aksenov reopened oia i kāheaʻia lākou hilinaʻi a hoikeia kūpaʻa me na kanaka ka poe i kakau inoa ma ka kākoʻo o Yeltsin letter. Antonom Barschevskim i ka 2004 trilogy "Moscow Saga" Ua Film ma Rusia. I ka hookahi makahiki i loko o ka puke pai "Ikuwa" paʻi i ka hana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo "Voltairiens a me Voltairiennes", hope i hookoia ka Booker uku. I ka 2005, Aksyonov i kākau ai i loko o ka palapala o kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino diary buke o memoirs i kapaia "'ōnohi o kona maka."

Ka hope makahiki o kona ola

I na makahiki hope o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, a me kona ohana e noho ana ma Farani, i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Biarritz, ma Moscow. Ma Moscow, January 15, 2008 Aksenov manao mai, la oia i hospitalized i loko o ka 23rd haukapila. I ka mea kākau moʻoleloʻo ia i diagnosed ia me ka hahau ana. Ma hope iho o ka lā o ka Vasily Pavlovich Neʻe ma Sklifosovsky Halemai Moiwahine, oia akaaka maluʻoki kino, e wehe i ke koko clot i loko o ka carotid artery i i. No ka lōʻihi manawa o ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ke ano ua kokoke loa. A ma March 2009, hou complications i waho. Aksyonov Ua hoololiia a hiki i ka Burdenko Institute, a hou-hoʻohana. A laila, Vasily Pavlovich i hou hospitalized ma Sklifosovsky Halemai Moiwahine. Ka mea, ua loaʻa July 6, 2009 i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i make ai. Vasily Pavlovich Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o Moscow, ma ka ilina Vagankovsky. I Nowemapa 2009, ma Kazan, i loko o ka hale, kahi noho o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, i hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka Museum i kana hana.

Vasily Aksenov: "ka pohihihi kuko. A puke e pili ana i na sixties "

'O kēia ka mea hope ana hana o ka loea kākau moʻolelo. Ua Ua paʻiʻia i loko o kona olelo e lilo Aksyonov ka make ma hope o loko o October 2009. Ua paʻiʻia "A ohi ana i nā moʻolelo o ka mamo" a hiki i keia kanaka mokuna i ka 2008 i loko o ka puke. Ka puke Ua autobiographical, kona mau huapalapala i nā akua kiʻi o ke akamai a me ka moʻokalaleo o na sixties o ka iwakalua kenekulia: Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Bulat Okudzhava, Andrei Voznesensky, Ernst Neizvestny, Robert Rozhdestvensky, Bella Ahmadulina Marlene Hutsiev, Vladimir Vysotsky, Andrei Tarkovsky a me na mea e ae. Aksenov ia huapalapala fictitious inoa, e hana me ka memoir ano moʻokalaleo Ke ua i pili.

Achievement, hoʻolilo 'ia', hoomanao

Ma kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i hookoia i ka degere o Kauka o Humane palapala. He ua no hoi he lâlâ o ka ke Kuʻikahi 'Amelika a me ke kumu o ka Pen Club. I ka 2004, no ka mea huahana "Voltairiens a Voltairiennes" Aksenov i hookoia i ka makana "Russian Booker". A makahiki ma hope, ua hookoia i ka Papa Hanohano o Arts a me ka palapala. Mea kākau i he lâlâ o ka Russian Halau o Arts.

Kela a me keia makahiki mai 2007, ka palapala, ai-he wahine a hoʻonohonoho 'ahaaina ma Kazan i kapaia "Aksenov-fest". No ka mea manawa muaʻo ia i noho ai me ka pilikino komo o Vasily Pavlovich. I ka 2009, ka palapala, ai 'ka hale Hale o ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana, ua wehe, ka mea, ua manawa ke hoʻohana i ka palapala, ai' kulanakauhale laau palau. I ka 2010 au i ike ai i ka "haawi lilo ole-hoolimalima" malamalama autobiographical paʻa hapa puke kākau moʻolelo. Kona hōʻike i paʻa ma luna o November 7, ka House-Museum o Vasily Aksenov.

Evgeny Popov a me Alexander Kabakov i ka 2011 me Kāʻeokūlani, paʻi i ka puke o Memories o Vasilii Pavloviche i no laila, i kapaʻia "Aksenov." Ma ka mea, e noonoo i ka hopena o ka mea kākau, ka intricacies o ke Kawaihae, i ke kaʻina hana o ka hanau ana o ke kanaka nui. O ka papa kuhikuhi hana a me ka manaʻo o ka puke - e pale aku ei o ka mea no ka pono o ka poe a me nā hanana.

ohana

Ke kaikaina, Vasily Aksenov ma kaʻaoʻao maternal, Alex, i make i loko o ka pua ana o Leningrad. Kaikuwahine o kona makua kāne, Maya, - he kumu-methodologist, mea kākau o ka nui puke ma ka 'ōlelo' Lūkini. First wahine ua i ka mea kākau moʻolelo Kira Mendeleva mare i kana keiki, Alexey Aksenov i hānau i loko o 1960,. He ua a ianoiyuaa a hana e like me oe kau wela. Lua o ka wahine a me ka wahine kāne make o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, Mayya Aksenova (hanau i ka 1930), ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' ana o ka haole kalepa akamai. Iloko o ke ola ana o ka ohana ma o ka United States, ua ao mai Lūkini 'ōlelo i loko o Rusia hana ma ke keena o ke Keʻena Pāʻoihana. ole Children pu Vasily Pavlovich a me Maya Afanasevny ua, akā, Aksenov ua (hanau i ka makahiki 1954) i ka stepdaughter o Elena. Ua make i loko o August 2008.