Aku la o Aberama Hannibal -ʻApelika Waena kupuna kāne Lūkini haku mele

Nui-kupuna kāne o ka mea kaulana Lūkini haku mele Aleksandra Pushkina Aberama Hannibal ola ana i ka lōʻihi, a eventful ola. Keiki a ke aliʻiʻApelika Waena aliʻi,ʻo ia i kidnapped iʻuʻuku mai ma ka Kauai, a ia ia Constantinople. I ka makahiki o ehiku, ke keiki i hele mai i Moscow, a lilo i punaheleʻeleʻele keiki Peter I. Ma hope mai, ua loaa ia ia ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi, a e ka maikaʻi loa koa 'oihana, e ala ana i ke ano o ke Kuhina-ma-Nui. O Aberama Petrovich hele aku la ia ma ka moolelo no kona kaulana moʻopuna A. S. Pushkinu, ka mea i hoolaa ai i kona mōʻaukala hana "ka Arap Petra ka Nui."

Ka lā a me ka wahi o ka hanau ana o Hannibal

Dark ili a me ka pouli curly lauoho Aleksandru Sergeevichu Pushkinu ili mai o kona nui-ke kupuna kāne Aberama Hannibal, ka mea i hānau i loko o ka mamao a me ka wela Africa. Aʻeleʻele kupuna o ka haku mele nui ua lilo ka halawai kanaka, kino kama'āina me Petero ka Nui, Annoy Ioannovnoy, Elizabeth a me nā hale hoʻokamakama personalities o ka XVIII kenekulia. He aha i ka hopena o ke kaulana Pushkin ka nui-kupuna kāne? E aʻo e pili ana i ka mea hiki ia ia ma kona Kawaihae heluhelu.

O Aberama Petrovich Hannibal i hānau i loko o nā makahiki hope o ka XVII kenekulia. I ka lā o kona hanau o 1696 a me 1697. Ka loa paha aina hanau o Hannibal noʻonoʻo Abyssinia - he wahi ma ka'ākau Ethiopia. Akā, kekahi noiʻi Kawaihae o Pushkin mau kūpuna i hāliu mai i ko i ka manaoio ana i kona nui-ke kupuna kāne i hānau i loko o ka Sultanate o Logone, Aia ma luna o ka mokuna o Cameroon a me Chad. Ma ka lokomaikai o keia manao Hōʻike Hannibal i kekahi palapala i hōʻike 'ana i ka Empress Elizabeth, ma a kapa aku la ia i ka wahi o kona kūlanakauhale hanau o Logone. Naʻe, ka mea, ua i hiki ke loaʻa Documentary hoike o keia mana a hiki i keia la.

Ka mua makahiki o ke ola

Ma ka hanau ana, i ka nui-ke kupuna kāne o Pushkin, o Aberama Petrovich Hannibal, ua hoʻokomoʻia ka inoa o Ibrahim. Kona makua kāne i kekahi paahao kaulanaʻApelika Waena aliʻi, ka mea he nui nā wāhine a me nā keiki. I ka makahiki o ka ehiku, Ibrahim a me kona mau kaikuaʻana i ua kidnapped e ke Kauai, a hoouna aku la ia Constantinople. Ka pouli-ua kēnā kāne i noho ai i loko o ka pā kaua (seraglio) a hoomaka ae la e kukeʻana i loko o nā 'aoʻao Suletana. A o ka mea i ike i ka makemake ua hiki, ina ma ka 1705 ma Constantinople hiki helu Sawa Raguzinsky-Vladislavich, a kuai ia me ka makana iā Petero ka Nui.

No ke aha lā i ka Russian Tsar ponoʻApelika Waena keiki, i loko o Rusia i kapa arapchatami? Petero ka Nui hele nui ma Europa, a pinepine kiai like haole aliʻi ma ka hale aliʻi subservientʻeleʻele keiki. Loira a pau huakaʻi i ke kai a me ka hana,ʻo ia makemake ia, aʻo ia i loko o ka hana o ka arapchonok. Akā,ʻaʻole i kekahi, a me kaʻike heluhelu a me ka maikaiʻano. Ma o Conerade i ka makemake o Peter I, Raguzinsky Vladislavich-au nana hope i loko o ka seraglio ka loa kupono e lawelawe i loko o ka hale aliʻi aliʻi oʻeleʻele keiki kāne, a kuai lilo mai (mai nā kumu - aihue) ia ma ke poo o ka Seraglio. No laila, me kona kaikaina Ibrahim he ma Rusia.

Bapetizo ana, oihana o Peter I

I ke kauwela o 1705 hou hōʻeaʻana mai arapchata aponoia Kristiano i loko o ka Ekalesia o St. Paraskeva, Vilnius. Iloko o ka oihana o ka bapetizo Ibrahim i ka inoaʻoʻAberama, a me kona kaikaina - Alex. Godfather makua kupuna kāne Pushkin lilo Potr Veliky a me ka wahine o Polish King August II, Christian Ebergardina. Patronymicʻeleʻele keiki i haawiia mai i ka inoa o ka Russian Tsar e bapetizo ana ia lakou. Ma hope iho o kēiaʻApelika Waena keiki Ibrahim lilo o Aberama Petrovich. No ka lōʻihi manawa, ua hanau mai la i ka inoa o Petrov (i loko o ka hanohano o ka Godfather), a me wale i loko o ka kakahiaka 40s o ka XVIII kenekulia ia i auou caiaiai.

Aku la o Aberama Hannibal blackamoor Ua lilo i punahele o Petero ka Nui. Ma mua, ia i malamaia e like me ka mea i hoʻounaʻia-priporozhnika (keiki, ka mea i noho ma ka paepae puka o ka alii wahi), laila, lilo iho la i valet a me ke kakauolelo o ka mō'ī. Peter I laila i manao i kona negro i ae aku ia ia e hoʻopale ai i nā puke, palapala, a kauōʻia mai i loaʻa i loko o kana oihana, a hoohainu mai la ia i ka poe mikanele malu. I ka 1716, o ka nui-ke kupuna kāne o Pushkin, o Aberama Petrovich Hannibal, hele aku i ke aliʻi ma luna o ka hele ana maʻEulopa. Ma France ka mea, ua manao o lakou e noiʻi i loko o ke kula 'enekinia. Ma hope o këia mea, o Aberama Petrovich i hoohui i loko o ka 'ōlelo Palani kaua, a i kekahi i loko o ke Kaua o 1718-1820 ka hapa-Union, malaila i loaa ka eha i loko o ke poo.

Ke kāpena Hannibal i ka 1723, oia hoi i Rusia, a ua hoʻonaniʻia i loko o ka Preobrazhensky Regiment, i mea ma lalo o ka noho luna ana o Peter I. Mahalo i ka mea maikaʻi loa ka ike i ka makemakika, i loaa ma Europe, lilo 'o ia ka mea mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Lūkini Army Nui lunaʻenehana. Ma waho aʻeo i ka kiko'ī sciences,ʻAberama Petrovich, haohao o loko o ka mōʻaukala a me ka akeakamai, i ike ka 'ōlelo Palani a me he Roma, no laila, i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, e malama ia no elike me ka lahui hoʻonaʻauaoʻia ke kanaka. By mea o Peter Pushkin ka nui-kupuna i ao mai opiopio luna, makemakika a me ka hana 'enekinia. Eia hou, oia i aoia mai i ka unuhi i na puke i loko o ka pā hale imperial.

i ke pioʻana

Service Aberama Petrovich Hannibal o Petero e a kona make ana i ka 1725. Ma hope iho o ka demise o ka Tsar ka negro ua i loko o ke aloha a me ka Prince Alexander Menshikov, ka mea i lilo i ka de Na facto luna o ka aina. Ua hiki no i ka mea Hannibal ike i nā mea a pau pū pono i kona mau hewa a me nā mea huna. He Uaʻike e pili ana i hana malu a me ke aliʻi hainā, a e pili ana i kona pili pilina me Ana I. Ka Nohona Pili i ka pakele ana i ka mea pepehi hoike, Menshikov i ka 1727, suspends ia ia, mai ka pā hale, a hoouna aku la i Siberia. I pili ia Aberahama Hannibal ua oi aku mamua o ekolu makahiki. A hiki i ka hopena o ka 1729 oia i paʻa ma lalo o hopu ma Tomsk, e haawi ana kēlā me kēia mahina no ka 10 rubles.

Service ma Pernove

I Ianuali o ka 1730, a pii aku i ka imperial noho alii Petra Velikogo ka kaikamahine, Anna Ivanovna. Ua hoʻomanaʻo mai ka wā kamaliʻi Aberama Petrovich mauʻia ia i hoola. Ke hou empress hōʻoki aku hoopai Hannibal, a ae aku la ia ia e hoʻomau i kona koa hana. Mai Ianuari a hiki i September 1730,ʻo ia i helu i ka nui i loko o ka pā kaua Tobolsk, ma hope i kona i hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia mai Siberia a laila 'o ia i ka ke aupuni' o Eastland kulanakauhale Pernau (e - Parnu ma Estonia). Here Arap Petra Velikogo i haawi mai i ke ano o ka lunaʻenehana-luna. Over nā makahiki 1731-1733 i mālama ai i commandant o ka paa wahi ma Pernovskom, a ia laua i ao ai i ka poʻe koa o School conductors (Junior koa nā kānakaʻenehana) unuhi, puʻukaua a me ka makemakika. I ka 1733 Hannibal haʻalele, Kuhikuhi 'ia i kona hooholo ola pilikia me.

Marriage me Dioper

neʻe maila i Pernau Pushkin ka nui-kupuna kāne,ʻoʻAberama Petrovich Hannibal, no ka manawa mua loa i loko o koʻu ola koke ma hope o ka manaʻo e pili ana i mare ana. Hookupaa iho la ia Pili ka mea i loko o ke kakahiaka 30-ies o ka XVIII kenekulia e hoʻokele e hoʻololi i ka ha he umi makahiki, i ole e ae mai ka nele o ka noonoo ana, mai ka maikai ke keka. Hannibal hana helehelena o Laielohelohe Lūkini wahine uʻi, a me novels ma ka wela Moor i ka hailona, akā,ʻo ia,ʻaʻole loa kau i amorous mea o kaua hana. Kona Pili ola ana pela lōʻihi a hiki i ka hopena o ka 1730, oiai ma ka pāʻoihana huakaʻi i loko o St. Petersburg, oia me he maikai Greek wahine Evdokia Dioper. Ho'āʻia ke kaikamahine passionate manaʻoʻApelika Waena manao, e mare me ia.

Evdokia i ka muli loa kaikamahine o ka Helene luna galley'auwaʻa mai St. Petersburg Alana Diopera me i ia Hannibal e halawai iloko o ka pāʻoihana huakai. Ia kaliʻana hou i loko o ka'ākau paukü ua waiho ai, o Aberama Petrovich Ua hooku iho la ia i kona ohana. Arap ardent'ōpio kaikamahine iʻono ai Diopera, a ua manao ia i ka mare. I loko nō o ka mea i Evdokia Andreevna i loko o ke aloha a me ka bipi keiki lutanela Aleksandra Kaysarova, a i hoomakaukau ana e mare ia ia, kona makua kāne nō ia o ka godson o Petero au, e lilo i ka mea maikaʻi no kona 'aoʻao. I kakahiaka nui 1731, oia mare i ka ikaika o kona Aberama Petrovich ma St. Simeona Church ma St. Petersburg. ka ahaaina mare ma hope o hele aku i ka mau a hiki i Pernau, ma Hannibal mālama lākou. I ua hae Kaisarov i pioloke ma Hannibal ma ke alanui, oia i hoolilo ai i Astrakhan.

Betrayal a me ke kahua

Puʻe wale akula kēlā mare i ole lawe mai i ka pomaikai, kekahi o Aberama Petrovich, aole hoi i kana wahine opio. Evdokia kane i aloha a me ka pono oia i i malama. I Pernove ua haka pono i ka bipi keiki koa a koke ia ka haku wahine o ka kūloko Don Juan Shishkin, ka mea i manao he haumana ia o kana kane. Ma ka haule ana o ka 1731 Dioper hanau mai la he keʻokeʻo-ua kēnā a me ka maikai-piʻipiʻi kaikamahine i hiki ole ia i ke kaikamahine a kekahi kanaka maoliʻApelika Waena Aberama Hannibal. Ma Pernove, ka launa pū hoʻi i ka manawa pono 2000 noho, me ka lono o ka hanau ana o kaʻeleʻele lunaʻenehana luna keʻokeʻo keiki lilo i maoli ka waiʻona ma. Pushkin ka nui-kupuna kāneʻoʻAberama Petrovich Hannibal loaa hoomaewaewa glances a leʻa hoʻi ia e kana wahine ka hala me neia. A no loko mai o kēia wā,ʻo ia, a kakau iho la ia ma kona resignation mea i haawi wale i ka 1733 mahope iho o ka hoʻokuʻu loa 'ia Aberama Petrovich neʻe i Karyakyula Manor, Aia ma Reval.

Hannibal ua hiki ia,ʻaʻole e kala mai i ke kumakaia-wahine. Ua Ua lono ia oia mercilessly hahau iā ia, mālama laka mai, a hooweliweli, e pepehi ia ia. 'Aʻole i makemake e noho hou me Evdokia i loko o ka hale hookahi, oia ka hoʻomaka' nui i ke oki mare, e hoohewa ana ia ia o ka moe kolohe. A oihana koa 'aha hoʻokolokolo i loaʻa Dioper hewa, aʻae e hoʻokuke aku iā ia a hiki i ka Halemai Moiwahine pahale, i pihaʻi me na pio a pau. Ka I lawehala wahine kana a me ka lōʻihi 11 makahiki. I loko nō o ka mea i Evdokia hewa i hooiaioia, i ka 'aha hoʻokolokolo i i hoʻolei iā ia i kāna kāne, a me nā wale hoopaiia no ka moe kolohe.

lua o ka mare

Ia Evdokia Dioper i ana i ka hoʻopaʻi no ka kipi, kana kane mare i ka lua o ka manawa. Ke Koho aku la o Aberama Petrovich lilo i aliʻi i aliʻi Kuekene me Kinohi Kristina Regina av Sjöberg, e noho ana i loko o Pernove. Ua ua kaikaina ma mua o kāna kāne o 20 makahiki. Marriage me kona Aberama Petrovich manao i ka 1736, kahi o ka hoʻolako i ka palapala o ka hoohemo palapala o ka oihana koa hale ma waho, e hookupaa aku ana i ka mea o ka betrayal o kana wahine mua. i ka ahaaina mare ma hope, lawe maiʻo ia i kāna wahine, a hiki i ka Manor Karyakyulu.

1743 Evdokia Dioper Ua hoʻokuʻuʻia mai ka hale paʻahao, a koke Hapai. E mare i ka hou aloha, ua waiho i ka uhane consistory noi no ka oki me Hannibal, i ka ike i loko o kona mau hala infidelities. Unexpected hana Evdokia kokoke e loaʻaʻoʻAberama Petrovich ku okoa ana a me ka 'oihana, no ka mea, hiki ke hoopiiia o bigamy. Hoohemo hana ana a 1753 a pau me Hannibal palaka pono:ʻo ia i kauoha mai ai ia i ka mihi a me ka uku i ka uku. Consistory ike i kona mare ana i Hristinoy Sheberg i pololei ia, e noonoo pono i ka hewa o keia kulana, i ka oihana koa o ke aloaliʻi, a i ole koi 'ia e nana i ka hihia o ka moekolohe me ke alo o ke Hemolele Synod. Evdokia loa emi Pomaikai. No ka kolohe i hana i loko o kona wa kamalii, oia ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka hao i loko o Staraya Ladoga hoailona kahi i koe ia a hiki i kona make ana.

hanauna

Mare me Hristinoy Sheberg i ka haku mele ka nui-kupuna kāne i hānau 11 keiki, o ka mea ola, e adulthood, wale ehiku (Ivan, Osip, o Isaaka, o Petero, Sophia, Elizabeth a me Anna). Children Abrama Gannibala haawi aku la ia i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka moopuna. Kana keiki Osip i ka 1773 mare Mary Alekseevne Pushkin, ka mea ma hope o 2 makahiki i hanau i ke kaikamahine a Hope - Mom Lūkini ano akamai Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina.

A pouli-ua kēnā keiki godson o Peter I ka loa poʻokela i kana keikikane, Ivan. He ua he kaulana Lūkini koa alihi kaua a me ka luna o ka Black Sea'auwaʻa kaua. Iloko o ke kaua Lūkini-Turkish o 1768-1774 Ivan i kauoha mai ai i ke kaua o Navarino, a komo i loko o ke kaua o Chesma. Ma lalo o kona mau alakaʻi i loko o 1778 Kherson, ua hookumuia oia. E like me 'oe ke ike, i nā mamo a Abrama Gannibala i poʻokela a me ka pono o ka mahalo no kanaka.

Koa 'oihana ma lalo o Elizabeth I

I ka 1741 aku la o Aberama Petrovich hoi aku la i ka kaua hana. I loko o kēia wā, a pii aku i ka nohoalii Petra Velikogo ka kaikamahine Elizabeth I, ka mea i hoopomaikaiia Arap a boosted kona 'oihana. Kawaihae Abrama Gannibala hōʻike i ka 1742, ua loaa i ka haawina mai ka Empress Karyakyulu Manor i loko o ka mea ana i noho ai, a me kekahi mau 'ē aʻe aina. I ka hookahi makahiki, i ke kiekie Hannibal a hiki i ke kia o ka luna commandant o mau maka, a i hookoia hale aina kokoke Pskov, kahi ia a laila hoʻokumu i ka Manor Petrovsky. I ke kakahiaka nui 40-ies o ka XVIII kenekulia ma ka Initiative o Aberama Petrovich Elizabeth Petrov hoʻololi i kona inoa a hiki i ka nui sonorous Hannibal i ia i loko o ka hanohano o ka kaʻao luna o ka kahiko, ka mea, e like ana ia ia iho, i kaʻApelika Waena hanauna.

I ka 1752, ua hoolilo ia St. Petersburg, mai mau maka Aberama Hannibal. ʻApelika Waena kupuna kāne Russian ano akamaiʻaneʻi hana like mālama 'ana i ka' enekinia, kekahi hapa, a ma hope kākoʻo i ke kūkuluʻia o Kronstadt a me Ladoga Kanal , a hoʻokumu i kekahi kula no na keiki o ka poe paahana, a hana. O Aberama Petrovich Ua hoʻopiʻi 'ana i ke ano o ke Kuhina-ma-Nui, a hoʻomaha loa i loko o 66 makahiki o ka makahiki.

Ka hope makahiki o kona ola

Ma hope iho o ka hoʻokuʻu loa 'ia o kaʻeleʻele Pushkin ka nui-kupuna kāne i noho ai me kana wahine i loko o ka kauhale Suyda kokoke St. Petersburg. He ua he loa waiwai landowner, a nona oi ma mua o 3 tausani serfs. Ma Suyda Hannibal malaila i ka hope 19 makahiki o kona ola ana. E kipa aku oi ma mua o kipa hookahi Alexander Suvorov, ka mea i kona makua kāne, Aberama Petrovich ua he hoa no ka lōʻihi manawa. Wahi a ka lono, ka mea, ua ka mea hookonokono ae la i ke aikane, e ao aku i kana keiki i ka kaua mea.

I ka hooilo o 1781 i ka makahiki o ka 64 makahiki, make iho la Kristina Sjöberg. Hannibal ola ia ma ka mahina wale 2, a make aku la April 20, 1781. He ua 85 .. O Aberama Petrovich Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o ka kauhale ilina ma Suyda. Eia naʻe, i kona halekupapau a hiki i kēia lā i ole, ua malamaia. Ano, o ka hale, kahi ana i hoolilo i kona mau makahiki hope, Hannibal, o kona mea hoomanao waiwai.

I ka hakakā ma ke kiʻi o ko Pushkin ka nui-kupuna kāne

Ua uaʻAʻoleʻike nana aku la e like Aberama Hannibal i kā mākou wā. Photo o kona kiʻi ma kaʻaʻahu, i ua poe ma ka buke, a ma luna o ka Internet, noiʻi hope hōʻike '. E like me ka hiki i kekahi mana, depicted ma luna o ka elemakule canvas kanaka maoli o ka nui-kupuna kāne o Pushkin Aberama Hannibal, ma ka 'ē aʻe - i ka mau-ma-luna o ka manawa o Ana II Ivan Møller Zakomelsky. Kekahi aoao ai kekahi, akā, i ka extant kiʻi o ka pouli-ua kēnā kanaka i loko o ka oihana koaʻaʻahu, ka hapanui biographers o Pushkin ua manaoia kekahi o ka mea mau i koena kiʻi o Aberama Petrovich.

Ka paʻa o Hannibal i ka moʻokalaleo a me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni

Aku la o Aberama Hannibal, Pushkin i i loaʻa iā ia. Ke kaʻao Russian haku mele i hanau makahiki 18 ma hope o ka make ana o konaʻApelika Waena kupuna kāne. Alexander ua mau hoihoi i loko o ka moʻoleloʻohana o Aberama Petrovich, a hōʻike i kona ola i loko o kona paʻa hapa mōʻaukala hana "Ka Arap Petra ka Nui." I ka 1976, i ka Soviet mea kuhikuhi Alexander Mitta ma muli o Pushkin ka puke i wehe i ka hiʻona ho film "ka nui o ka How Tsar Peter Moor mare". Hannibal kūlana ma ka ho film hoʻokani Vladimir Vysotsky.