'Amelika rocket manu lele 9: hiʻona a me Hawaii photo

June 28, 2015 ma 17:21 (Moscow manawa) ma ka Launch paena ma Cape Canaveral nele hookahi ke hoʻolana i rocket "manu lele 9". Manu lele 9 rocket, ua hoomakaukau ia e kekahi malū poe US SpaceX, ua hoʻokumuʻia'Elona Musk.

"Manu lele" a me NASA

NASA i ka 2008 kakauinoa i ka aelike me ke anaina mea, e lawe mai i ka Launch o ka lawe rocket "manu lele 9" E Nihi Ka a me spacecraft. Ke loa manaʻo o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kēia 'ano o ka lawe rocket ua dictated e ka mea e ma ka moʻo o ka ole OOOXO Space moku ahikao. A me ka'Elona Musk hoʻoneʻe ai e emi i ka lilo o ka makahiki poe mikanele o 10 mau manawa. Naʻe, i ka papahana ma ia manawa i oaeuiinoe ia e ke kumukuai o $ 1,6 ieeeea?.

Pilikia ka rocket Launch wawahi i ka helu o ka hana, e kau ma ka NASA, ma ka hou ana i ka auoiaea o ka ISS spacecraft Space moku ahikao. Manu lele 9 rocket e hali ana i 1.8 na tona o ka waiwai.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE Pahuhopu, a i manao iho e lawe mai i kēia Launch, ua, e hoopiha i ka ai lako no ka ISS lālā. Eia hou kekahi, lawe no hoi i ka rocket he penei kekahi hihia a me ka International Docking mea hoʻopili (Ida),? Ac? E Boeing. Kēia docking noaioee he 526 kg e kōkua E Nihi Ka spacecraft docked i ka ISS. No ka mea ua hana E Nihi Ka ho'āʻo e hoopakele, a hoopii no ka spacewalk. Oiaio no, o ka lilo ana o na mea nui eiiiiiaiou o ka hopena maikaʻi 'ole ma o ka haʻalele' ana o ka 'epekema hana ma luna o ka moku i ka ISS.

Akā, i ka ole a pau! Manu lele 9 rocket Naita me pepehi 8 ukali holoholona 1f, ua loaʻa ma ka mea o Ka Labs. A lawe akula kēlā o ia ekolu pa alima CubeSat, a ia e malama i ka Honua i loko o ka'ōnohi pololei.

Manu lele 9: hoakaka

rocket? ieoaeunoai ua papahana no laila ia i kēlā me kēia kahua lako a hoʻouka kekahi avionics, a ma luna-papa kamepiula 'ē aʻe, a i ke hoʻololi i ka mana a pau i ka mea kiko'î o ka lele.

All avionics hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o ka rocket, i ma SpaceX. Nō hoʻi, ma ka hou i kona iho hoʻokele'ōnaehana, e hoʻoikaika 'i ka pololei i ka Astronomical hoʻohana GPS lako a pan.

Eia hou kekahi, no kēlā me kēia engine hoʻouka kekahi mau i ka eiioeieeae, i mau nā kahu nānā i nā mea kiko'î o ka engine. Kēlā me kēia eiioeieeae he ekolu unu lawelawe huahelu, e hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka'ōnaehana pūnaewele pono.

Manu lele 9 elua-ke kahua rocket, a me keia mana ua hala elua wale nō:

• 9 mana v1.0;
• 9 mana v1.1.

E like me ka lua o ka mana o ka mea mua i loko o ia ka mea i hoʻokumu i ka oi maemae engine. A i kapa hoʻohanohanoʻia kā lākou wahi ma ka engine haʻahaʻa ke kahua.

Oiai nā wale nō o nā kiko'ī holo ma kerosene oxidizer o ka wai a oxygen, akā, i ka rocket manu lele 9 v1.1 ua lele wale no 4,85 na tona o ka payload, oiai shtatovskih Kao lele lako kaua "manu lele 9" v1.0 - wale 3, 4 m.

Ma kēia mana o ka lōʻihi o ka 1.1 - 68,4 mika me ka hoʻomaka kaumaha o 506 tona.

E maopopo i kēia mau palapala koho - Russian rocket "Proton-M" He pōkole ma mua o 10 mika (58.2 m), e hoʻomaka ana ke kaupaona hou - 705 tona. Akā, i ka "Proton-M" i loko o ka Astronomical payload o 6,74 tona.

NASA noi, i ka lilo ana o ka Launch o ka manu lele 9 He $ 60 miliona, oiai i loko o ka "Proton-M", keia huahelu o $ 30 miliona kiʻekiʻe.

No laila, i kaʻanuʻu mua?

Manu lele 9 rocket a hemo NASA me nā nā pale poʻohiwi. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'kekahi ma Hawaii, elua ma Kaleponi. Nō hoʻi, ka hana mea underway e hoʻonui i ka elua hou nā pale poʻohiwi.

SpaceX poe noke mai 2013, ua hana i ka mea i hanaia o ka 'ike loea hou no reusable eiiiiiaiou o manu lele 9 v1.1. Ke ho'āʻo mua i ka hoola i ka manu lele 9 i paʻa i loko o January 2015. E like me ka mea koho ke kahua ka mea, ua i pae i loko o ka wahi o ka lana anuu. Akā, i ka ino ino ma ka moana, ua i ae eʻohi i ke kahua o ka rocket.

A me ka lā, i kēia mau hoʻoikaikaʻana i ole i holomua. None o ka OOOXO i ole lawe mai i ka poe no ka hōʻoia 'ana i ka hoolaʻilikai.

akamai manao

ʻOiai ka Media, a hai mai la ia i ka hope holomua Launch o ka manu lele 9 (December 2015) i mea e hiki ai ke malama i ka haahaa ke kahua o ka rocket, akā, poe akamai i kanalua ai i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ke kahua mua. Poe akamai i manaoio ia, i haawi i ka mahana o ka mehana-i like ka rocket kino ma ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka manawa a me ka iho, ma hope o kona hooholo ma ka lewa koe loa uuku wale o ka hou-i o ka rocket hehee ai.

Akā, i ka ole a pau. Reusable, hou oihana mua - ka mea, Ka pae strut, a me na koi dala o ka wahie. A me keia, ma ka huli, ho'ēmi i kā ka payload o i ka 30%.

Ike loea rocket?

Mai 2010 a hiki i 2013, ka mea i i elima Ka hoʻomaka 'ana, eha o ka a - loa maʻamau' ano paha.

Akā, i ka Launch o ka manu lele 9 i loko o October 2012, ua ike e akamai, e like me "hapa 'ia' holomua". A laila, i ka rocket "manu lele 9" no ka manawa mua i hoouna aku ai i ka ISS lako a ma o ka kona kalaka E Nihi Ka. Akā, i ka derivation o Orbcomm-G2 ukali i loko o geostationary ka Astronomical nele ae like me ka hopena o ka ukali i waiho i loko o ka haʻahaʻa ka Astronomical ma mua o? Aaony.

I ka hopena o keia "hapa 'ia' holomua" hana placheven. Orbcomm-G2 noho i loko o ka Astronomical no ka lōʻihi, a 12 October o ia makahiki, ua puhiia me ke kumumea i loko o ka lewa.

Ma keia manao ia mea hoihoi 'like SpaceX wehewehe i ka ole. E like me ka poe akamai, ua he haki ana i ka ili me ka fairing ma mua-ke kahua engine.

Nā kumu o ka malihini

'Aʻole i pākuʻi credibility a me ka Naita o ka manu lele 9 rocket i loko o June 2015, ua ma ka heʻe no ka lōʻihi - 2 minuke 19 kekona. A hiki i ke Kao lele lako kaua i ka hypersonic? Eia, ua ka Naita me ia, a ma hope o 8 kekona o ka manu lele 9 wāwahi i mau apana. NASA me ka pili me SpaceX i ee aku i ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana i loko o na kumu o ka poino.

Ke poo o SpaceX poe i waiho ai imua kona mau mana. E like me kona kumumanaʻo, i ka ulia ana me ka hopena o ka oi puʻe i loko o ka pahu poʻina nalu me ka oxidant i ka luna ke kahua. Ua hiki i kekahi manawa i ka wa a ke kahua mua i ole i ua hookaawale.

kekahi ulia

O ka holo ana, ke ulia i loko o ka makahiki hana -ʻaʻole ia he rarity. No ka laʻana, i loko o ka US keia makahiki, he ekolu he ulia pakalaki (e lawe i ka mooolelo o ka hewa, a ua waiho wale aku no i ka Launch kaa manu lele 9).

Ma October 2014, ma hope o ka Launch mai ka spaceport ma Wallops Island, ua ka Naita me ka waiwai lawe rocket Antares. Ua Ua manao ia ia, e ka Astronomical ka ISS kona kalaka Cygnus (ka mau i ua hanaʻia e Orbital Sciences).

¶ A i ka 2014, ili kekahi moku SpaceShipTwo. Ua Ua ea ae ka hana i ka mea e e hana suborbital oo? Hoʻii. A nō ka ho'āʻo 'ana e ulu ai poe Virgin Galactic, e hoʻopau i nā kumu o ke kui.

Ka mua Launch o ka lawe rocket "Proton-M" i wahi ma April 7, 2001. A laila, i ka rocket me ka luna ke kahua "Breeze-M" Ua ua ana waiho i loko o ka Astronomical ukali "Ekran-M". Ma ke Kao lele lako kaua hooponopono'ōnaehana hoʻouka kekahi iaono? Ienoai mana, i hoʻoponopono hou 'ikea ai o ka aʻe paha ma heptyl, a ua ikeia e e make no kānaka, a no ke kaiapuni. No hoi, ka mea hou'ōnaehana, e hoomahuahua i ka hū o ka payload e ka Astronomical.

Mai laila, ka mea, ua pio ka polokalamu 90 OOOXO o "Proton-M", akā, wale 80 o ia, he mau loa maʻamau. I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka pilikia wahi, i hiki kena ae la ia e hoʻolako 'ole i loko o ka luna ke kahua.

Oiaio no, ua 'ikepili helu i ole he pomaikai anakahi no Kao lele lako kaua me ia i ka waiwai mōʻaukala. Ma kekahi hihia, o ka manu lele 9 rocket Naita me ia, e kōkua i ka maopopo maikaʻi kona mau hewa, a lawe iā lākou i loko o ka mooolelo i ka kekahi mea hoʻomaka.

He aha e hiki mai ana?

Ma ka manawa, haawi ukana i ka ISS i loko o ka moku'āina.

• Russian "holomua";
• Japanese HTV;
• E Nihi Ka;
• Cygnus.

Nui NASA manaolana ma ka E Nihi Ka like me ka pa alima i mea hiki ke hoʻi ukana, mai ka ISS a hiki i Honua. Ka aelike me kēia poʻe i kikooia aku i ka 2017, a ua hoʻopaʻa 'ia no 15 Ka hoʻomaka' ana.

Ka hope manawa ka booster manu lele 9 me ka E Nihi Ka lawe aku He hana i ua ana pau kona hana December 22, 2015

NASA aʻole i kanalua i ka ulia me ka manu lele 9 'aʻole i hiki ole i ka mea i hanaia o ka manned spacecraft. SpaceX poe ke aliiwahine hanohano e ho'āla ai ponderous manu lele kaumaha rocket ma lalo o kēia polokalamu. Kēia Launch mea hiki ke paʻi a Lūkini "Proton", a me ka Europa Ariane 5.

Ka ulia, a waiho wale aku no i ka US rocket manu lele 9, ua hoike hookahi hou i ole kekahi mea'ōnaehana paleʻea, mai ka hewa i ka wa pokoleʻimi loa i ka lewa.