Crimea liberation, makahiki 1944. Crimean Kūpono '

Crimean Kūpono 'o ka makahiki 1944, ua manaoia kekahi o ka mea nui paipai aʻo kai eʻe manawa o ke Kaua II. Ua hoʻomaka 'ana ma luna o 8 April. E noonoo hou ana i ka liberation o Crimea mai Nazi komohewa.

Ke kahua ma ka Peninsula

September 26 - November 5, 1943 e paa ana ia Melitopol, a ma luna o 'Okakopa 31 - November 11 o ka ia makahiki - ka Kerch-Eltegenskaya amphibious hana. ua hiki e hemo mai ma na pakaua ma ka Perekop isthmus Soviet hao wale. bridgeheads i pio ma ka Kerch Peninsula, a ma ka hema o ka Sivash. Eia naʻe, no ka mea, o ka piha liberation o ka Crimea uaʻaʻole ikaika lawa. Peninsula i he nui enemi ikaika, hilinaʻi ma luna o nā pale aku ia lakou. Ma ka Perekop Isthmus, a me ka Sivash e ku pono ana i ka bridgehead ma ke kulana o ka enemi o lakou a ekolu, a ma luna o ka Kerch Peninsula - na paa eha.

Kulana o na aoao elua

Kipaku i ka enemi, mai ka Peninsula, ka Black Sea'auwaʻa kaua o ka USSR makemake e hiki ke • loaʻa hou kekahi kī KUMUMANAʻO NUI kumu. Kēia e hoʻoikaika i nā kūlana o ka noho ana o na moku, a me ka hana ana o hostilities. Eia hou, i ka Peninsula o Crimea uhi i nā kaʻakālai Balkan pūhaka o na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, kā lākou mau papa kamaʻilio hele ma na straits a hiki i ke komohana. Ma kēia pōʻaiapili, ka Kelemānia ke aupuni, ma ka huli, pili nui keia i ka mālama o ka ?? eoi? Ee. Lakou i manaoio aku ia ia, e aua i ke kākoʻo o Tureke a me ka Balkan allies. Ke alakaʻi o ka 17th Army, ma muli ma ka Peninsula, uaʻano hana, e malama i ka hope wahi. Naʻe, i ka enemi luna, e kūkulu i ka piha kumumanao, "Adler" ma ka hihia o ka hee.

Ka hoʻopololei o nā koa

Ma ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki 1944 i ka German koa hehi i mau papa elua. Ma ka hopena o Ianuari a hiki i ka Peninsula hele 73rd, a me ka hoʻomaka o Malaki - 111th Infantry Māhele. I o Aperila, i kaʻenemi koa oia o 12 mau papa. Mawaena o lakou, he 7 Lomānia a me 5 Kelemānia. Eia hou, i ka haku mele 'ana o nā kaua haawi mau kīmopō brigades, i ka hopena o kekahi waiwai. I mau, me ka helu o ka poʻe hao wale ua oi aku mamua o 195 tausani. People. Mahele i kahi o 3,600 papa wiliʻai a me nā pū, 215 pahu poʻina nalu. Me ka lewa kākoʻo i ka Army hoʻolako 148 mokulele. A ki kūlana i loko o ke kaua ma kaʻaoʻao Soviet ua e pāʻani 4 Ukrainian Front. E kauoha akuʻoe koa hana'ōewe. Tolbukhin. E like me kekahi hapa o ka poʻe hao wale a pau:

1. 51st a 2nd kiai Army.
2. 78 la a me 16 la paʻa i wahi.
3. 19 Panzer mau pūʻali.

4 Ukrainian Front i kākoʻo i ka 8th Air Army. E like me kekahi hapa o ka poʻe hao wale i hiki mai kaʻawale brigade i kauoha mai ai e Eremenko. Kona hana no hoi i kākoʻo mai o ka lewa. Ma na moku kaua, ua hoʻomau ana. E kauoha akuʻoe iā lākou lawe Oktyabrskiy Filipp Sergeevich. Kona poe koa a pau e kākoʻo i ke kaua a me ka lokoʻenemi palapala. Eia hou, e like me kekahi o ka poʻe hao wale Soviet makana Azov Flotilla. Ua kauoha mai ai ma ka Hope Adimarala Gorshkov. Kona poe koa a kākoʻo i ke kūpono 'kūʻokoʻa Hawaiian Army.

I ka huina helu o ka Soviet Hoʻohui 'ia ua ma kahi o 470 tausani. People. Ma ka hoʻolilo o ka poʻe hao wale no ua kokoke 6 tausani. Papa wiliʻai a me nā pū, 559 ka hoʻoponopono-propelled pū a me ka poʻina nalu. Mai ke kai infantry hana kākoʻo cruiser 4, laina 1 a me 2 patrol moku, 6 luku, 8 kumu trawlers, kiai 80 a me 47 o ka torpedo moku, mokuluu 29, 34 mau mea i kahikoiaʻi, 3 gunboats a me nā kākoʻo moku.

ʻeleu kākoʻo mai o ka Soviet Army nae ka Crimean guerrillas pūʻulu i i hana i loko o ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki 1944 ko lakou huina helu i kahi o 4 tausani. People. Groups i hui ma ka Hikina, Kona Akau a me Hema hui. Soviet koa i he nui superiority ma luna o kaʻenemi kaua. Soviet hao wale papa hoʻolaukahi Ilamuku Vasilevsky a me Voroshilov.

Pilikia a me nā hua'ōlelo

Liberation o ka Crimea i ka makahiki 1944 i manao iho e hoʻomaka i loko o Feberuari, ka helu o 18-19. Eono o Feberuari i hōʻike mai iā ia i ka hakakā kuka. A laila, nae, i ka hoʻomaka o ke kai eʻe i hailona kekahi mau manawa. I ka mea ia manawa, i hakaka ma luna o ka mokuna Dnieper. Hotel kauoha hoouna Vasilevsky PAaIEN, e hoʻomaka i ke kūpono 'a ka liberation o nā panalāʻau e noho ana i Kherson.

A laila, ka mea i haawiia mai he okoa kauoha. Ma kekahi, Vasilevsky Ua aoia mai, e hoʻomaka ana i hope ma mua o March 1, nānā 'ole o pehea e ia i ke kala ana o ka mokuna Dnieper. Naʻe, i ke poʻo o ka poʻe hao wale hai i GHQ mea, haawi mai i ka ino keia, na kēia ho'āla kaua makemake i ke kali a hiki i ka hapalua like-March. Mai kēia wā o ka High kauoha akuʻoe iʻae. Eia naʻe, 16,03 Wasilewski loaa hou ka olelo, e like me a i ka hana i ia e ka hoʻomaka 'ana ma hope o ka hoʻopio aku i kahi o Nikolayev a me Odessa i ka paipai'. Akā, laila, no ka mea, o ka ino kūlana, i ke kaua, ua hiki i ka hailonaʻana a April 8th.

Na manao o ka Soviet kauoha

Liberation o Crimea i ka makahiki 1944, i manao iho e lawe mai i ka Hopu i loko o ka hohonu o ka 170 ei. Hoʻopio aku iʻenemi ka kulana o? Aaony no 10-12 lā. Ma keia hihia, no ka awelika i kela la ana o ka mua o ka infantry i ia e 12-15 ei, pahu mau pūʻali - 30-35 ei. Ke manao ua e kauoha aku i ka wā hoʻokahi e pepehi iho at akau - mai Syvash a me Perekopa a me ka hikina - e Kerch Peninsula. Ma ka liberation o Sevastopol a me Simferopol,? Oaony e Wāwahi i ka pae a me ka hoʻopau i ka enemi, pale kona withdrawal mai ka Peninsula. Ke kumu nui loa i manao iho e waiho i ka foothold ma ka hema o ka Sivash. Inā holomua 'ana i ka papa kuhikuhiE koa hele ma Perekop ekoluʻenemi kulana. Me ka ia lalau Jankoi Soviet koa haawiia ka manawa i mua i Simferopol a Kerch Peninsula ma Kelemānia mahope. Secondary kaua i manao iho e Perekop isthmus. Ma mua o ke kūʻokoʻa Hawaiian Army hana ua e uhai i ka pale o ka poʻe komohewa a hiki i ke kūkulu'ākau o Kerch. ʻO kona kuleana ua e hoouka mai ma ka hema kapakai o ka Peninsula. Key ia koa i nona ma ka liberation o Sevastopol a me Simferopol.

Crimea kū'ē lula makahiki 1944:. Ke kaua

Five lā ma mua o ka hoouka ku i ke kaumaha mea kaua, i luku nui loa-makahiki kūkulu o kaʻenemi. koa akamai i paʻa April 7 i loko o ke ahiahi. Ua hookupaa iho la ia Enron Soviet kauoha 'ike e pili ana i ka enemi. Walu o ka lā o Aperila a hemo lewa a me ka mea kaua e hoʻomākaukau ai. Ma mau, ka mea i 2,5 hola. Liberation o ka Crimea i loko o ka makahiki 1944 i hoomaka ai me ka hawewe koa o ka 51st Army ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka Lutanela-General Kreizer. Ke kaua i lawe mai, mai ka bridgehead ma ka hema o ka Sivash. Nā lā o ka ukiuki kaua. E like me ka hopena, Soviet lākou poʻe kaua e hoʻokele i hemo mai ma ka Kelemānia pale aku ia lakou. 51th Army kaua akula i ka pūhaka Perekopskaya pūʻulu. Ka poʻe, ka 2nd kiai Māhele Zakharov komo i ka Armenian. April 11 kakahiaka, ka 19th Panzer mau pūʻali i pio Dzhankoy.

Ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka mahele Vasiliev ana a kokoke i Simferopol. ʻO kēia kanaka Kelemānia, pakele mai o ka papa, e hooikaika ana i ka haʻalele Perekop isthmus, a hoomaka ae la e emi hope mai o ka Kerch Peninsula. Ma ka po o ka kaua e hoomaka ana 11,04 E hoʻokaʻawale aʻe malina Army. Ma ke kakahiaka o ka poʻe hao wale i Kerch - paa kūlana pale pa alima ma ka hikina hapa o ka Peninsula. Ma nā wahi likeʻole o ka hoomaau ana o kēia kanaka Kelemānia i aku la lakou ia Sevastopol. Ma ke komohana mokuna o ka kaua loli Hawaiʻi 2nd kiai. Poe koa i Yalta. 51 Army, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka holomua hana o ka 19th mau pūʻali, ma ka hehi ciia i ka hoʻomaka o ka paipai' o Simferopol. A kūikawā koa koa hele ma Belogorsk (Karasubazar) a me Theodosia Sevastopol. 13 April Soviet koa, ua hookuuia'ku Feodosia, Simferopol, Yevpatoriya, a me 14-15 nui - Yalta, Bakhchisarai, Alushta.

Na kēia kanaka Kelemānia manawa hoʻomau i kuemi hope. Maunakea 4 la a me ka 8 la Army hahau mana a kui mai i ka poʻe hao wale Kelemānia a me ka launa pu, aka wahi. Oktyabrskiy Filipp Sergeevich, i kauoha mai ai i nā moku Soviet, kauoha ana e poho iho moku me evacuees komohewa.

guerrillas

Crimean lola honua ua hōʻike loaʻa kekahi koa a me ka heroism i loko o ke kaua. Mua kīpoʻohiwi e naehana i ka hana, e luku mai i nā aka wahi, kamailio ana o ka laina, e kūkuluʻenemi hoohalua a me ka'ōpala hoʻi ma luna o ka mauna: kau akamai, luku i ke alahao, loko awa ma Yalta, me ka haawi ana i ka Kelemānia-Lomānia poʻe hao wale ka neʻeʻana i ka mea a me ka evacuate. Ka lola honua no hoi ia e pale aku i ka make ana o kaʻenemi amo a me ka hanalima hana, nā kauhale.

Kīmopō ma Sevastopol: hoomalolo

April 15-16, ka Soviet Army hoomaka hoomakaukau no ka hoouka. Ke kumu nui loa i ea ae mai ka aina mai o Balaclava. Ma kona noi poe e e komo a me ka hapa o ka pilina omaka o ke kanaka, a me ka hema pūhaka o ka 51st Army. Soviet koa, ua i hemo mai ma ka enemi e pale aku ia i loko o ka wahi o Sapun Mountain, a ma ke kiekie o ka akau-hikina Karani. Penei, ina ua hookiia'ku la lakou mai ke kaikūʻono, Aia i ke komohana o Sebastopol kaʻenemi pae. , E kauoha aku i manaoio aku i ka pio ana o kaʻenemi ma luna o ka Sapun Hill, hoʻowahāwahā a pau nā hihia i pu aku i ka hanaʻino mai, e ae ia e uhai i ka ia'ku o kaʻenemi kūlana pale nā kūlana hana. Ma ke koa 2nd kiai. Army? Oaony ia i haumāna hoouka. E hoohuli i ka noonoo ana o ka poʻe komohewa, la oia i manao ai i 2 lā ma mua o ka papa kuhikuhiE lele aku la. Ke Soviet eiiaiaea e ukuhi i ka poʻe hao wale i ka hana o ka uhai ana ma e pale aku ia i ka hikina hema Belbek huahelu o ka 55th Infantry, a me ka 13th Na kiai mau pūʻali. Ka poe koa i ke kūkulu i ke kūpono 'ana ma ka hikina hapa o ka North Bay, a Mekenzievy mauna e pahu aku ai i ka enemi Hoʻohui' ia i ka wai, a luku aku ia.

hostilities

ho'āʻo 19 a me 23 April mau, e uhai ma ka papa kūlana pale kulana o ka Sevastopol māhele i hana. Eia naʻe, Soviet kaua pilikia. , E kauoha aku Hoʻoholo ihola eʻaumākua, hoomakaukau i ka poe koa, e kali no ka loaa ana mai o ka wahie a me ka ammunition.

Ke hanaʻino mai hoomaka ma May 5th. Nā koa o ka 2nd kiai. ka poe koa i hele ma ka kūpono ', hahau i ka enemi, e hoolilo pūʻulu mai nāʻaoʻao. At 10:30 ma May 7, me ka ikaika ea kākoʻo, hoomaka ae la na mau hana ino mai. ua hiki e hemo mai ma ka enemi e pale aku ia i ka 9-kilomika E o ka poʻe hao wale o ka papa kuhikuhiE Soviet pūʻulu. Iloko o ka wela hakaka, hao wale hoopio Sapun Mountain. May 9 Soviet koa wawahi i Sevastopol, mai ka hema-hikina, hikina a me ka akau, freeing i ke kulanakauhale. Ke koe koa o ka 17th poʻe kaua o ka enemi, hahai aku ma ka 19th mau pūʻali, aku la lakou a hiki i Cape Chersonese, a ua paʻa akula lukuia. Ke pio ua 21.000 na luna a me na koa o ka enemi. Soviet hao wale hopu i ka ipu, a me na mea kaua o ka enemi.

ke kaua paa

I 1941-1942. kaʻenemi i 250 mau lā, e lawe noho ai o Sevastopol, kona kanaka heroically kokua aku kona pā, ka Soviet poʻe hao wale no kona hoʻokuʻu i lā wale 35. Kela manawa, e May 15 ma ka ke keʻena luna hoomaka ae la e loaa ia ike paʻa i loko o ka ho okumu ana a me koa naehana parade ma luna o ka hoa paio ka expulsion mai ka Peninsula.

ka hopena

Liberation o ka Crimea i ka makahiki 1944 ae i ka hoi ana mai o ka Soviet aina i ka loa nui hoʻokele waiwai a me ka KUMUMANAʻO NUI wahi. O lakou ka papa kuhikuhiE Pahuhopu o hostilities i i hiki. I ka pau ana o ka Project kaua hoʻolilo 'ia' ana no kā lākou komo i loko o ka expulsion o ka enemi, ua hana ia me ka Peninsula. Naʻe, i ka mekala no ka Crimea, a laila, i ole, ua hoʻokūpaʻa.