'Eleu a me ka' ole o ka līoho. Hiʻona o ka 'ole o ka līoho

Pehea nani a me ka mea kupaianaha papa anuʻu loa kai honua, e like me kana mea pohihihi. Hiki i keia manawa, kńnaka wehe kekahi pono hou a me ka hana nā holoholona laha '? Anoee ka mea hiki ole waiwai o nā mea kanu, hoʻonui i ke kahua o ka palapala noi.

Nā flora o ka moana, kai, na muliwai, o ic ?? a me Swamp meaʻaʻole i like me ka'āina, akā, i kū hoʻokahi a me ka maikaʻi. E ho'āʻo mākou e loaʻa mai ka mea i kēia mau mea kupaianaha papa anuʻu loa kai mea kanu, ka līoho a me ka mea o ka 'ole o ko lākou nui i loko o kanaka i ke ola, a me ka poe ola mea.

Kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana i nā hana i loko o ke aloha honua'ōnaehana

E like me ka nui maliuia mau hae, ka līoho i manaoia kekahi pūʻulu o lalo mea kanu. Ka mea, i kekahi hapa o ke aupuni a pau Cell aupuni mea kanu a me nā subkingdoms Lower mea kanu. I mea, keia mahele ua muli ma luna o nā hiʻona o ka 'ole o kēia mau elele.

Ka inoa ka mea, loaa no i hiki ke ulu mai, a ola ma lalo o ka wai. Lakina inoa - līoho. Nolaila ka mea, ua hana, a me ka inoa o ka 'epekema, komo i loko o ka piha study o kēia mau meaola, kā lākou waiwai waiwai a me ka' ole, - phycology.

Mea Maluna o ka līoho

Hoikehonua, ikepili ae mai, e komo i ka loaʻa 'ike e pili ana i keʻano o nā' elele o ka umi Oihana. Ke kumu o ke kaawale ana o ka mea kanu'ōiwi nā mea e pono ai a me ka nui o ka haʻawina līoho.

1. Blue-omaomao hookahi-aa?, A cyanobacteria. Ka Poeikohoia: cyan, Monera, mikrotsistisy a me na mea e ae.
2. Diatoms. O nā pinnulyariya, Navicula, plevrosigma, melozira, gomfonema, sinedra a me na mea e ae.
3. Gold. Poeikohoia hrizodendron, hromulina, primnezium a me na mea e ae.
4. Porphyry. O nā ka porphyry.
5. Brown. Kelp, Sargassum, cystoseira a me na mea e ae.
6. Yellow-'ōmaʻomaʻo. Kēia nā papa e like me Ksantopodovye, Ksantokokkovye, Ksantomonadovye.
7. Red. Gratsillyariya, ahnfeltia, whelk.
8. Green. Chlamydomonas, Volvox, chlorella a me na mea e ae.
9. Evshenovye. Ka mea,ʻo ka loa primitive poeikohoia o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo.
10. Stoneworts. Hara me ka papa kuhikuhiE Luna.

Kēia Mea Maluna Aʻole e noonoo i ka 'ole o ka līoho, a wale hōʻike kā lākou hana, e photosynthesize i kekahi hohonu, ae hōʻike ana i ka pigmentation o kekahi ano. Ie pena mea kanu o ka hoailona ana i ka mea e pili ana i ka kekahi Oihana.

Ka līoho: ka mall hiʻona

Lākou ka papa hanohano nō hoʻi hiʻona - mea i ke kino ua i differentiated i na hapa. Ia mea, i ka līoho, e like kiekie mea kanu, he akaka mahele o pakele ai, oia hoi o ke kumu, lau a me ka pua, a me ka aa nenoaia. ka līoho kino 'ole poe thallus paha thallus.

Eia hou, ke kumu'ōnaehana ua i nalowale. Akā, i loko o ke alo o ka kūikawā translucent lahilahi ka pae-e like appendages, kapa rhizoids. Ka mea hana i ka hana o ka IeIIeYOA a hiki i ka kūpapakū, pela e hana e like me ka sucker.

Thallus iho paha e loa kekahi mau kinona a me nā waihoʻoluʻu. I kekahi manawa, kekahi lala ikaika kohu pakele kiekie mea kanu. Ke'ī mai, me ka 'ole o ka līoho ka loa i ho'ākāka' ana no kēlā me kēia 'Oihana, no laila, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ana au i ke i hou au mamuli ma na ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka elele.

ano thalli

Thallus - ke kumu nui hiʻona o kekahi multicellular līoho. Hiʻona o ka 'ole o ke kino kupapaʻu i loko o ka mea i thallium hiki e keʻano.

1. Amoeboid.
2. Monad.
3. Kapsalny.
4. Coccoid.
5. Filamentous ole trihalny.
6. Sartsinoidny.
7. Lozhnotkanevy.
8. Siphon.
9. Psevdoparenhimatozny.

Ka mea mua ekolu, he ano loa o ka koloniala a me ka unicellular ano, ka mea 'ē aʻe no ka nui holomua, nunui-ke kelepona hele, huikau hui.

Kēia Mea Maluna He kokekau wale wale, no ka mea, ua loaʻa kēlā me kēia 'ano o ka malumalu koho, a laila, eʻike mai kekahi i kekahi aneane hiki ole i. Pihapiha differentiation holoiia.

ka līoho aeea, kona 'ole

Ke peculiarity o kēia mau mea kanu mea initially i loko o ka 'ole o ko lākou aeea. He i kekahi mau mea okoa, mai ia o ka lani kiekie loa laʻelaʻe 'ia. Oe ke i hoʻokohu 'ia i kekahi mau kumu nui ma luna i aeee i anao? Aou.

1. Ma kekahi kanaka ka mea, aia no iloko olaila hana kūikawā holoholona 'ole - organelles o ka neʻe (flagella).
2. I kekahi manawa, aia no he stigma.
3. ʻili mea ole loa i ka ia me kaʻike mau laau aeea. Ua pinepine i hoʻolako pono me ka hou carbohydrate a lipid papa.
4. Pigments i puni i loko o ka kūikawā kino - na chromatophores.

Ke koena o ka 'ole o ka līoho aeee e malama a hiki i ka mau rula o ka mea o ka mea kanu kiekie ae. Ka mea, i loaʻa:

• ka nucleus a me ka chromatin;
• chloroplasts, chromoplasts, a me nā pigment-i loaʻa 'ole;
• vacuole me ka aeea SAP;
• aeea pā pōhaku;
• mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes;
• Golgi i hoʻomākaukauʻia, endoplasmic reticulum , a me nā kumu mua.

Ma keia hihia, ke kelepona hele 'ole o unicellular līoho hoʻopili like i ka mea o ka prokaryotic mea. Ia mea i ole nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, a me kekahi'ē aʻe nā hale.

Ke kelepona hele 'ole o ka multicellular līoho mea oo pahuhopu nei me ka mea a kiekie ae ano honua kahi mea kanu, koe wale no kekahi mau kekahi hiʻona.

Oihana Green līoho: 'ole

Ma keia Oihana loaʻa i ka penei:

• ,? a;
• multicellular;
• koloniala.

oi aku he umikumamakolu tausani? ueo a pau ilaila. I ka papa kuhikuhiE papa:

• Volvoxes.
• Conjugates.
• Ulotriksovye.
• Siphon.
• Protococcal.

Hiʻona hookahi-,? A? Ole ke moe i loko o ka mea i ua pinepine uhi ka mawaho o ka halepaahao ma ka hou ka penaʻana i ka hanaʻia ai ka hana ana o ke ano o ka iwi - pellicle. Ua apono 'ia e ke palekana mai mawaho ololi, e malama i kekahi shape, a me ka manawa ma luna o ka ili honua, e hana i ka maikai, a kahaha ko oukou naau lauana o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia Ion a me ka paʻakai.

E like me ka rula, me ka 'ole o ka launahele līoho unicellular type pono loaʻa kekahi organelle ana, pinepine flagellum ma ka hope pau ana o ke kino. Hoʻokoe nutrient - pia, ka aila a me ka palaoa. Key ka poeikohoia: chlorella, chlamydomonas, Volvox, hlorokokkum, protokokkus.

Loa hana hoihoi i na elele siphon like Caulerpa, kodium, atsetobulyariya. Lākou thallus - he hana i ili a me ka pā 'ano, a me kekahi kanaka nunui aeea e hanaʻia nā mea a pau i ka walaʻauʻana mana o ke ola.

Multicellular hiki i lamellar a filamentous 'ole. I ka wa e hele ai i ka pā kinona, a laila ka mea, he pinepine nunui-pona paʻa, aʻaʻole wale i ka hookahi, ahu iho. Pinepine i ka 'ole o ka līoho o kēiaʻano ka mea i like loa me ka hua hou ana iho o luna ano honua kahi mea kanu. Ka hou lala thallium, ka mea i oi aku aʻo Kīwala'ō.

Key ka poeikohoia - na kēia mau papa:

• Ulotriksovye - ulothrix, Ulvi, monostroma.
• Stseplyanki ole konyugaty - zigonema, Spirogyra, muzhotsiya.

Koloniala pepa - kupaianaha. Ke 'ole o kēia' ano o ka uliuli līoho Ua kokoke AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ma waena o ka hoʻomāhuahua nui o unicellular elele hui i hookuu mucus i loko o ka mawaho kaiapuni. I ka papa kuhikuhiE 'elele hiki e manao like Volvox, protococcal.

Hiʻona o ke ola

Key habitats - ka wai a me ke kai, i ka moana. Pinepine i ka ai-kapaia algal blooms, e clouding ka ili honua holoʻokoʻa. Chlorella ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia ma ka holoholona mahinaai, me oxygenates a me ka hoomaemae i ka wai, a me ke koena maloo ua iiaeaaony i ka holoholona.

Ke unicellular uliuli līoho hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka lewa kaa no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka o oxygen ma ka kāʻamaʻai me ka hoololi ana i kona' ole a me ka make. E like me ka lōʻihi o ka manawa ia o keia Oihana - ka mea kahiko i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka papa anuʻu loa kai mea kanu.

Mahele Red ka līoho

Other Oihana inoa - whelk. Uaʻikeʻia ma muli o ke kūikawā kala like 'ole' elele o keia pae o ka mea kanu. A pau i ka mea i loko o pigments. Ka 'ole o kaʻulaʻula līoho like me ka a pau hoʻokōʻana a pau i ka walaʻauʻana hiʻona o ka' ole o lalo mea kanu. Ka mea, hiki no hoi e hookahi-aa? A multicellular, i he okoaʻano o ka thallus. Aia nō nā nui a me ka loa uuku laʻelaʻe 'ia.

Eia naʻe, kā lākou coloration no i kekahi mau hiʻona - a me ka chlorophyll, mau ka līoho i ka helu o nā pigments:

• carotenoids;
• phycobilins.

Ka mea, makakiʻi he kumu nui omaomao pigment, no laila, i keʻano o nā mea kanu e ĸokoĸa ana nä pane mai yellow i kaʻulaʻula, a me ka loleʻulaʻula. Keia mea aie a hiki i ke omo o ka aneane pau hawewe a hiki malamalama. Key ka poeikohoia: ahnfeltia, phyllophora, gracilaria, porphyry a me na mea e ae.

Value a me ka I Aloha Hawaii

Hiki, e noho ana ma ka hou wai, akā, loa - aka meaola laʻelaʻe 'ia. Ka 'ole o kaʻulaʻula līoho, manaʻoi ka hiki i ka paka i ka kūikawā waiwai ua Hagara la-ua Hagara la, mea nui ana o ka mea i loko o maʻamau o ke ola. He oi loa oiaio o ka meaʻai confectionery hana. Nō hoʻi, he nui hapa o ke kanaka ia i laau lapaau, a ua hoʻohana 'ia' ana ma kanaka no ka ai.

Keʻena o Brown ka līoho: 'ole

Pinepine i loko o ke kula laulā maʻamau ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i lalo, mea kanu, kā lākou mau wahi likeʻole o ke kumu noi na haumana: "papa inoa i ka mall hiʻona o ka kelp." Ke pane nei: thallus i ka loa luna '' ole o nā mea a pau ike laha 'o lalo, mea kanu, ma ka thallus, i mea pinepine kilakila nui, e hoonohonoho e mālama nei i na moku; thallus iho i ka nunui-ahu 'ole, no ka mea, o ka mea kohu i ka loleʻano manaʻo o kiekie ano honua kahi mea kanu.

Me ka Poeikohoia o ka līoho keena paka mau kūikawā mucus, no laila, ua mau uhiia ka waho me ka papa o ke ano keia ano. Hookoe mai i ka mahuaola i:

• carbohydrate kelp;
• mea kāhinu, (mea kāhinu, o acee? iuo oeiia);
• waiʻona mannitol.

Eia mea e pono ai, e olelo aku, ina oe e noi: ", papa inoa i ka mall hiʻona o ka kelp" Ka mea, eia nae o ka hailona a me ka mea i kū hoʻokahi ma ka e like me nā 'elele o ka papa anuʻu loa kai mea kanu.

E ho ohana i ka mahiʻai a me ka haawi aku

Kelp - i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ke aloha i huiʻia,ʻaʻole wale herbivorous meaola poʻe e noho ana, akā, no hoi no ka poʻe e noho ana i loko o ka Hawaiian ciia. Kā lākou hoʻohana i kaʻai Ua laha i waena o kekahi mau kanaka o ke ao nei. O kēia mau mea ua hanaʻia medicaments hoomakaukau ka palaoa a me ka mea pōhaku waiwai, alginicʻakika.