Engine aila nuʻa. Pehea, a no ke aha la oe i pono e hoʻoholo i ka pa apŘ o Hawaii aila?

I ka wa koho o ka Hawaii aila, e alakaʻi motorists ma kekahi ana. No ka mea kola mokuna ua hōʻike ma ka'ōpala o ka 'inideka S, no ka kakolina diesel engine - C. Ua ua i alakaʻiʻia e nā aʻe. No ka laʻana, ka mea i koho kemikala, kalaka nui-kemikala paha he mea pōhaku kumu; ka aila o kekahi mau alo oko a ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mehana a me ka anu manawa. Akā, pinepine wae mai uaʻikeʻia i loko o nā makahiki, ao lubricating loli. I ka Ia manawa alakaʻi ma ka (viscosity) 'inideka, a ua paipaiʻia ma ka Hookah.

Aia o kekahi mea nui aiao - ka pa apŘ o ke engine aila. Ma ka mea e e kūkākūkā i ka pauku.

Ka walaʻauʻana waiwai o ka mea kāhinu,

Mawaena o ka papa kuhikuhiE ano e pili ana i ka lubricating fluids, nō ka penei huahelu:

• Nuʻa engine ka aila a me kekahi umekaumaha. Ka mua kau o ka lākiō o ka leo i ka nuipa a. Nuʻa ua anaia mai ka manawa i loko o kilograms no cubic mika. Eia ka mea, o kona waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ka e like la me ka manao i ke hū lākiō o ka lāʻau a hiki i ke kaumaha o ka wai. He mau waiwai i ana wela e kaukaʻi.
• (Viscosity) - ka waiwai hoʻohana i ka hoike i ke fluidity. Ua, ua hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke ana wela. Ke (viscosity) Ua ana i loko o kekahi mau huahelu: ma Stokes centistokes a kuea mika a me millimeters no kekahi minute ma ka Si nenoaiu o ke ana.
• Ka waihonaʻike wahi a ninini wahi. Ka mea mua o ka mahuahua ma ka ana wela ma a ka ohu i keʻano ma ka hōʻike i ka hamama lapalapa. Ka lua o ka anakahi protrudes haahaa ana wela ma i ka aila ua i nalowale flowability loa. Ua hiki ke kakaʻikahi e ka inclination o ka Tube.
• ʻakika a me kumu helu Hōʻike i ke dala o ke koi 'ia huahana no neutralization o ka mea i kaʻakika a me kona'ākilikai nā huahana loaa i loko o ka lubricating loli i ka hana.

pa apŘ

I ka pa apŘ o ke engineʻaila mea he mea nui anakahi, a expresses ka lākiō o ka nuipa a i ka leo. Ua Ua pili pū ana i ka compressibility a me ka (viscosity). Kēia aiao me ka nui loa e loli ai i ka mana haawi ma ka neaa EYI, a expresses ka ikehu lako i loko o ka holo. At kiʻekiʻe nuʻa loaa mai ma ka hoemi i ka nui o ka neaa EYI, me ka hoʻololi i ka mana. Me ka hoʻoulu manaʻo koikoi o ka pa apŘ i hoʻomaka i ka mahuahua.

Inā 'oe e hoʻololi i ka pa apŘ o ke engine aila ma ka 20 degere, he mea hiki i ka olelo e pili ana i hewa i loko o ka Hawaii. E noonoo pono i ka hoʻohālike o ka pa apŘ o ke kola a me ka kakolina diesel aila me ka pa apŘ, e huli mai i ka la mahope huahelu e e kiʻekiʻe. Pela, ke ingress o ka wahie i loko o ka lubricant e emi i ka pa apŘ waiwai. I ka Ia manawa, i ka wai ua aneane 1,000 kg / m3, ma ka mea ku ole, ka mea e mahuahua. Kēia, e hana ana no ka mea, i ka nui waiwai ma mua o ka engine aila nuʻa kg / m3 (ka mea i wale 880). Haawiia mai i kēia mau 'ano, hiki ke pōpilikia, no kekahi laʻana, he hewa i loko o ka crankcase hoʻokomo ea a me ka engine anuanu maila' nenoaiu.

Pilina ma waena o ka pa apŘ a me ka (viscosity)

Mea Maluna, e hoike ana i ka pa apŘ o ke engine aila, mai nei. Akā, he mea i kekahi, i kapaia o SAE. Ua hoʻoholo i ka lubricant (viscosity) aiao. Winter aila ua hōʻike 'ia ma ke alo o ka palapala W. lakou i puunaue ai mai 5W i 25W. No ka laʻana, ka inoa 5W aila hiki ke hoʻohana i ka hooilo mahana mai i kanakolu degere ma lalo Aʻohe. A inoa 10W hana 'o ia hoʻi i hiki i ka hua he iwakalua degere. Akā, i ka engine aila i loaʻa pohihihi 20W, e hana wale iʻuʻuku loa aiʻaihueʻia. Ua UaʻAʻole pono e hoʻopiha, ina ka malie mea ma pilikia o ka i oi anuanu.

Inoa kauwela mea kāhinu, pele papa koa mai ka 10 a hiki i 60. I ka wela kiʻekiʻe lubricating wai a pono i haʻahaʻa (viscosity) waiwai.

I ka pa apŘ o kekahi vsesezonok

I loko nō o ka mea i ka pa apŘ o ke engine waoʻaila mea,ʻaʻole e kaukaʻi ma o ka (viscosity) 'inideka, he mea hiki no ke ka lepili e kuhikuhi lauana kekahi. Eia hou, i ka Hookah Hōʻike ka huahelu i loko o ka hoakaka.

No ka laʻana, ka mea, ua ikeia e 0,87-0,9 - he ano pa apŘ o 15W40 Hawaii aila ma ka umikumamalima degere. 0,857 kg Index e pinepine ia ma ka hooilo momoku ahi 10W. A pa apŘ o ma kahi o 0,85 e 5W40 Hawaii aila.

Summer ana ma ka iwakālua lākou, 0,861 kg / l, a ma kanalima - 0,875 kg / ho'āo ai.

Nei, o ka loa he ākea lubricants makaukau wai a me ka hiki, e hana likeʻana i loko o ke kauwela, a ma ka hooilo, no laila,-kapaia multigrade mea kāhinu,. Lākou hoʻohana ua nui Nohie i ke ola ana o motorists, i ole hou e pono ai i ka makau i ka mea, e hoʻopoina i ka hoʻololi 'ana i ka wai ma luna o ka hanana o ka wela manawa, a, conversely, me.

kaumaha wai

No ka pa apŘ huahelu ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka mea hana kapaʻia he kaumaha wai. He He lana i ke aniani, a me ka ballast ma ka lalo o ka wela i loko o ka waena a me ka wiwi Tube me ka unahiʻole, i ma o ka luna.

Ua hoʻomākaukauʻia Ua waiho ia ma ka aila no ka manawa o ekolu i elima minuke, a laweʻikepili ma o ka unahiʻole, i. Nuʻa engine aila (kg / H)ʻoi ma ka wela o ka elua haneri degere. Inā na ana i i ma luna o ke okoa ana wela, i ka hopena ua like e like me ka AYEIE papaʻaina i loko o CCITT.

nuʻa huahelu

E hoʻoholo i ka waiwai o ka lubricating loli ua hoʻohana 'ia kona hoahanau paʻapū i pōpilikia, mai ka lākiō o kaʻaila nuʻa a hiki i ka pa apŘ o ka wai i ka wela o ke kanaha degere (ma ka like puke).

Ua hana 'nuʻa ana penei.

1. Ka aila ua ninini i loko o ke aniani alabata i ka wela o ka iwakalua degere.
2. Pono lalo i ke ana kaumaha wai no laila, i ka mea, aole e hoopa aku i ka paia o ka moku.
3. Ma hope o kekahi mau minuke, e paʻa ana i ka mea hana ma ka maka pae, e ka ana ana i ka lawe ana wela heluhelu. Nuʻa ua nānā 'e like me ka kūikawā papaʻaina.

No ka laʻana, ka mea, uaʻike ia i ka pa apŘ o ke kakolina diesel engine aila loli aʻe mai ka 890 a hiki i 920 kg / m3, a me Hawaii kakolina - mai ka 910 a hiki i 930 kg / m3.

Kēia AOAIAaOO kōkua i ka hoohalike i ka waiwai o kekahi lubricating fluids. Naʻe, ka mea wale hiki ole hoahewa i ka mea e like ai o ka aila, e like me ka a pau. E hana i kēia, lawe i loko no o ka waihoʻoluʻu a pau, i ka mäliko o ka huina hoonui a me ka 'ē aʻe nā hoailona.