Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: 'ehaʻeha ka, Symptoms a me ka iapaau ana

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis - ka manawa ana i ka pau pūʻulu o ka hui mai ka hoohuoi ana likeʻole hui, nenoai, mai ka ili a me ka iwi, a pau ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana a me ka lymph aka wahi. Mau maʻi i mea kuhikuhi, no ka mea, e diagnosed Hawaiʻi moku, ma ke kahua o ka? Acaeoey o complications kāinoa mua.

O ka holo ana, he nui loa kanaka i hoihoi i ka 'ike hou aku e pili ana i kēia mau maʻi. Hana extrapulmonary tuberculosis mea lele? Kekahi hui,'ōnaehana ke loli ka maʻiʻaʻai? He aha symptoms pū 'oe me malaise? Pane i kēia mau nīnau e e pono i na mea he nui heluhelu.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis lesions a me kā lākou mau mea, lalau mai

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis - he infectious maʻi pili i ka anal o na kanaka kino mycobacteria. D. ka mea, ke aloha ia kekahi hui 'oihana, a me ka iwi, liʻiliʻi, opu,ʻili, maka, puʻupaʻa, a no laila, ma luna o. E like me ke ana helu haʻawina, extrapulmonary ano, e like me ka rula, ua kiʻekiʻe maʻi, a hoʻomōhala i ka kāʻei kua o ka' Imi e kahe ana pulmonary tuberculosis. Eia naʻe, kēlā wā i kēia wā hoʻomanawanui iki mai diagnosed wale nō extrapulmonary lesions.

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i ka maʻiʻaʻai ana o ke kanaka kino, ia mea ma kahi o 90% like me ka causative konohiki hana Mycobacterium tuberculosis (tubercle bacillus). Loa emi paha e hoʻomōhala TB i loko o ke kāʻei kua hoike a me kaʻeleu nā'ōlelo Mycobacterium bovis - ka bacterium, ma ke alanui, ke i pili i nā 'elele o ka holoholona. Ma Tropical'āina, he pono ke kanana nei i ka pathogen - M.africanum.

Ua ua olelo mai ia ia mea paʻakikī loa hoʻopale microorganisms. Ma ka wai, e hiki ke hoopaa i ka hiki i ka hana, e noho mai ana i elima mahina ka mea. Ma nā kapuahi e ka wai mycobacteria ola 5-45 minuke. Ma ka kekahi lima, i ka TB germs i loa ikepili koʻikoʻi i ultraviolet pāhawewe.

E hiki anei ia oe e extrapulmonary tuberculosis?

O ka holo ana, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, e like me ka pulmonary ano o ka maʻi ua pū i hiki mai i ka maʻi kanaka i ke ola. D. Ka causative Agena Ua hoʻokuʻuʻia i loko o ka papa pu me mucus i puʻu, kiheʻana, a no laila, ma luna. No laila, i loko o ka kiʻekiʻe-kamepiula pae i kanaka e noho ana a me ka launa pū 'ana iā ia me TB nā mea maʻi.

Akā, na mea i ole pela poe noonoo ole. He nui nā kanaka, a hiki ma hope o oi ma mua o kekahi makahiki o ke ola ana ma lalo o ka ia hale me ka hoʻomanawanui ua i iho mailoko o. A, i ka maʻiʻaʻai aʻole i manaʻo 'maʻi. Ua Ua manaoio i aneane i ka hapakolu o ko ke ao nei ka heluna - nā moku halihali mokulele Koch bacillus. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole a pau o ia i maoli e loaa ana mai ka tuberculosis.

maʻiʻaʻai nā moku halihali mokulele mea i lele, a hiki ke noho me ka i ike i ke alo o ka maʻiʻaʻai. Aka hoi, aia no he pilikia o ka ulu i ka maʻi. Ho'ā hope o ka mycobacteria ia lŘlŘ e kū'ē i ke kāʻei kua o ka emi ikaika i loko o hoʻonele, nolaila, ke kamepiula kumumea ka lolouila hoʻopaneʻeʻia maʻi, maʻi hoʻoʻino illnesses mea wale deplete i ke kino, e like me ka pono me pinepine stress, physical stress, hormonal kāna hana, malnutrition, ma ka pōkole, na mea a pau e hiki ke loli ka functioning o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu.

Mea Maluna a me ke ano o ka maʻi

Aia i kekahi mau Mea Maluna nenoai no kēia mau pathologies. No ka laʻana, ka loa, he pono ole i na kēia mauʻano o extrapulmonary tuberculosis:

• kūloko - kekahi mawaena konu ke aupuni 'o kekahi hoʻohuli ai i nā hui, (a Hoʻohana ka wā e hele mai ai i, no ka mea hoike, i ka spine);
• , he pono ole - i loko o kekahi, a me ka ia hui i kekahi mau foci;
• mau lesions - kamailio ana iā ia i loko o ka hanana i tuberculosis e loli ai i kekahi mau nā loko o ka ia oihana;
• ʻike, "sochetannyj tuberculosis" ua waiho i loko o ka hihia, ina he mea kekahi lilo ana o kekahi mau kino o kekahi nenoai (pela, no ka hui malu pu ana o "pulmonary / extrapulmonary tuberculosis" Ua hiki).

I ka manawa o kaʻike,, a hoʻolohe i ka degere o ka maʻi ha awina:

• ʻeleu ano o ka maʻi (e holumua ai, relapsing, aku hou);
• AEeOEXAaI extrapulmonary tuberculosis (ahonui kekahi loli ma nā loko malamaia ano no ka tuberculosis, imua o ka poe liilii, foci o abscesses a scarring, akā, keʻena hoʻokolohua ho'āʻo ma hōʻike i hou loli).

No ka meaʻike, o ke kaʻina mea nui, a me ka alo ana o complications. Ka mea hiki ke kaana (e laʻa me, haumāna immunodeficiency, ʻawahia, a allergic maʻi ana 'o nā loko, amyloidosis, systemic pathologies Hawaiʻi) a me ka kūloko (pololei pili me ka hoʻohuli ai i nā hui, a me ka'ōnaehana pūnaewele).

Tuberculosis o na iwi a me ka ami

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis o nā iwi a me nā ami - he kŘpa a, he pono ole maʻi maʻi i ka pu ma lesions i loko o nā wahi likeʻole o ka musculoskeletal nenoaiu. E kū'ē i ke kāʻei kua o ka ha awina o pathogenic microorganisms, i ke kahua o kekahi granulomas, e like me ka mea e holumua ai ka make o ka iwi'aʻaʻa, a he entails ole wale anatomical akā, i ooieoeiiaeuiuo loli i loko o ka iwi.

E like me ka 'ikepili helu, i ka hapanui o nā mea maʻi i kēiaʻike, - i ka kūpuna. Kahi o 60% o ka hihia i ka maʻi e loli ai ka spine, e alakai ana i ke kīnā. Kipaku, spondylitis a me ka coxitis - keia mea o ka loa e like me ka 'aʻe', i ua pu ma extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Symptoms apuepue ana i loko o nā kuʻina kakahiaka o ka maʻi.

I kekahi manawa, e hoomanawanui i hai mai la i kaʻeha ma ka hoʻohuli ai i nā hapa o ka musculoskeletal nenoaiu. Inā ka maʻi e hoʻomōhala ana i arthritis type, ka mea hiki e ike pono ia laua discomfort, haanou ana i loko o ami liʻiliʻi, i kaupalena 'neʻeʻana. I ka wa e hele mai i ka spinal lesion, i ka ulu granuloma pinepine compresses ke aʻalolo aʻa, i ua pu ma keʻano o neurological kāna hana.

Na hoailona e komo i loko o ka gradual loli o ke kulou. ʻO nāʻiʻo hoʻomaka e lilo i ko lakou leo, no ka mea, o ka mea i kekahi kanaka ka pilikia e neʻe.

Eia naʻe, kanaka e hele i ke kauka ma ka hope kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao, ka wā ia mea, ua ike complications ia extrapulmonary tuberculosis, me abscesses, hoʻopale skeletal deformities, fistulas. ʻike, no ka maʻi hiki e pili i kekahi hihia, no ka mea, o ka lapaʻau kiʻi loa blurred. Ma ka hapanui o hoopii, a hiki ma hope pono o ka lapaʻau iwi deformities koe.

Poino i ka'emi ko kahua

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis o na meninges ua noʻonoʻo i ka loa hanahana loa ano o ka maʻi. Maʻi e hoʻomōhala ana i hoʻomaka koke, a ma ka wa e kaawale aku o ka iapaau ana hiki aku ai i ka irreversible poino i ka'emi'ōnaehana, a me kēlā wā i kēia wā make. Eia naʻe, i ka lā, na hihia o ka maʻi, ua palapalaia infrequently.

I ka manawa, o ka loa olelo diagnosed like extrapulmonary tuberculosis i loko o nā keiki. me ka papakaukau ka hoʻonuiʻana lawe ana BCG vaccination i na kamalii uuku ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka maʻi pili. Kēia kumumanaʻo ua i kākoʻo 'ia e ka mea i ai i ka lā, tuberculous meningitis' ia i waena o na keiki me ka vaccination.

Pōkole-makahiki headaches, hōʻemi iki kuni, a me ka nawaliwali malaise - no laila extrapulmonary tuberculosis huli no. Symptoms hou me ka hooulu ana o ka meningitis. Headacheʻikea oi pinepine, a lilo hou, pili. Kino mehana i 39-40 degere. Mahuahua excitability, e hoʻomōhala ana i pā lonoaʻili i ka malamalama. A ano hiʻona o ka muli o anorexia a me kokololio kaumaha me keia poho. Inā untreated, i ka make ana o ka hoomanawanui e hiki ai i ka 3-5 hebedoma, a ua pili i lōlō o ka ÷ naehana hanu a vasomotor konu o ka lolo.

abdominal tuberculosis

Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ka abdominal lesions i pohihihi keia, a hoike no ka wale 2-3% o nā hihia o extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Nō kāu, o ka mua pathological kaʻina komo ai i ka lymph aka wahi, a mesenteric zabryushinnoogo makahiki a wale laila tubercular lesions ana i ka abdominal nā loko.

Ua ua olelo mai ia i kekahi manawa i ka maʻi e holomua i ka esophagus. Ma ia manawa he mea he gradual esophageal ulceration paia o ka Tube, ka taper a ka piha stenosis. Ma ka ia kumu ua malama i lesions o ka'ōpū - i loko o ka pyloric'āina, a ma ka nui curvature e hana liʻiliʻi, akā, mau unpainful ulcers.

intestinal poino hiki ke hele i ka lole o ka i paiiaʻi. I kekahi manawa, tuberculosis ua diagnosed, a me ka meaʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi i loko o nā mea maʻi. Eia naʻe, i ka 'ike o extrapulmonary tuberculosis ma keia hihia mea he pilikia kaʻina. Symptoms o ka maʻi i ole no hoi haʻi, a me ka lapaʻau kiʻi pinepine kohu maʻi enteritis, appendicitis a me nā maʻi 'ē aʻe o ka digestive nenoaiu.

Hoʻopōʻino ano o ka tuberculosis pili mesadenitis. Me ia he maʻi e loli ai i ka ipu lymphatic o ka peritoneum, akā, ke kaʻina puka mai a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o uterus a me ovaries. Fibrosing li nui o ka reproductive'ōnaehana lilo i kumu o ke infertility i loko o nā wāhine.

TB ili lesions

Koch ka bacillus ua pinepine IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE i kaʻili a me ka subcutaneous nā'aʻaʻa, e kauoha ana i keʻano o ka maʻi.

• Tuberculous chancre - Ua olelo hoopomaikai ho okumu loko i hoʻomaka ai purulent keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Nō kāu, ua hanaʻia e like me nā hale i loko o ka lymph wahi. Ulcers pinepine e wehe, e waiho i ka fistula.
• Lupus - he maʻi i ua wehewehe aku ma keʻano o ka hana i ho'ākāka 'poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole ma luna o kaʻili. Pele ho anuanu knots, a i nā merge pu, e hana i ka anuanu, palahalaha infiltrate. Ua pinepine uhiia kona iwi me ulcers paha fistulas.
• Kollikvativny lupus - maʻi, a ua wehewehe aku ma ke kahua o ka poe liilii, anuanu ili'āina ka ho o 1-3 knm kēia painless nani, i hōʻike mau fistulas ..
• Warty ke ano o ka tuberculosis o ka ili pu ma ke ano o ka ili o ke sila, a ua hoʻokino e like papilloma. Aka hoi, eia oko ao. Ma 'ana, ke kahua a puni ka Park he mea he hoʻoʻino a me ka ili, i loko o kēia wahi i cyanotic hue. Keia ua loa olelo diagnosed ano o ka maʻi i loko o nā mea maʻi me ka hamama ano o pulmonary tuberculosis, no ka mea, o kaʻili i puʻu mau loaʻa phlegm. Ke kamepiula pūʻulu nā kauka e hana ana me ka TB nā mea maʻi, e like me veterinarians.
• Miliary tuberculosis ua pu ma ke ano o ka poe liilii, papular wikiwiki a pink. Pinepine ka mea, i IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE a puni ka orifices, nae he mea hiki ia lakou, e halii mai i nā ili mau mea. E like me ka maʻi progresses hana papules uuku ulcer i loko o ka konu, a ua uhiia laila, me ka pńpa. Untreated ulcerations cii lilo foci o necrosis.

Nānā 'ole o ka palapala o cutaneous tuberculosis wehewehe aku ma ka sluggish ma me ka nui li nui ole soreness. Manawa o ke kala auou caiaiai exacerbations, a i hookuu e kau mai maluna o ka Akuma ka.

urogenital tuberculosis

I ka wa e hiki mai a hiki i kēia maʻi like extrapulmonary tuberculosis, ka hola 37% o ka hihia i ka maʻiʻaʻai e loli ai na nā loko o ka excretory nenoaiu. Wahi a ka 'ikepili helu, na kanaka, a me ka maʻiʻaʻai hohola i ka reproductive'ōnaehana, oiai iwaena o na wahine i na hihia i nui rarer.

Loa pinepine e ae mai ka hakuʻala maʻi. Ka lapaʻau kiʻi He loa ka heluheluʻana. First symptoms a i ole hōʻike. Me ka hooulu ana o ka maʻi i ikea kānaka, achingʻeha ma ka lalo hoʻi. Pinepine au diagnoseʻaʻa puʻuwai tuberculosis ulia, ma o ka piha mimi hōʻike, kaʻimiʻana mycoplasma ma Eia kekahi laʻana.

Inā ka hoʻomanawanui 'aʻole ole i ka mea e pono mālama', he mea i ka pilikia o ka fibrosis a me ka hydronephrosis.

Ma na wahi a ka maʻiʻaʻai hohola i na nā loko o ka reproductive'ōnaehana i loko o nā kānaka kuhikuhi e loli ai i ka prostate gland. Eia hoʻomōhala complications e like me maʻiʻaʻai o na hoʻi, ke vas deferens a me ka spermatic ke kaula.

Tuberculosis o lymph aka wahi

Ka loa, he pono ole palapala o ka extracellular tuberculosis, i loli ai kaʻike ākea lymph aka wahi. Wahi a ka 'ikepili helu, ia buke crouches puni 50% o nāʻano o ka maʻi extracellular? Ueo. Eia hoʻi, e like me ka rula, ka mea, ua hui me ka poho ana i na ia maʻiʻaʻai a me nā nā loko o ka pahu.

Ma ke kālā no lapaau, na hihia o kūloko tuberculous lymphadenitis i kākau hou pinepine. Maʻiʻaʻai e loli ai hoʻokahi wale pae o lymph aka wahi, a me ka loa, e hana eha iaʻi cervical a me ka submandibular. Emi olelo, i ka maʻiʻaʻai komo iloko o ka inguinal a me ka axillary lymph aka wahi. Eia hou, hiki generalized ano o ka maʻi i loko o i loli ekolu hou pūʻulu o lymph aka wahi ka poʻe.

Na hoailona o ka extrapulmonary tuberculosis ma keia hihia ua ole no hoi'ōlelo ai. Ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao loiloi mua o ka hua i loko o ka lymph aka wahi. Ka mea, e laholio, pahee i ka nano,'ōlewa a initially painless. Hoʻololi 'ana i kā lākou nui ka mea, e hana me ke anu a me nā maʻi a mauka naehana'āpana.

A ano hiʻona mea tuberculous lymphadenitis palapala i komo i loko o ka maʻi kaʻina hana i ka puni palupalu nā'aʻaʻa, e like me ka maʻi - a puni lymph aka wahi. Pela i hana i kekahi 'ano nui nani. I ka wā e hiki mai, ma ka waena konu o kaʻeho 'ōili mai i hoopalupaluia, paena. Ma kēia kahua ma luna o ka loli ili o thinner pana pua, kekahi manawa i mea ulaula a bluish tint.

Inā untreated, he mea he rupture o nā'aʻaʻa, kūpono ma ka fistula ma i hele mai ana mai kahi cheesy hana mau. e hiki lole uhi i na mai hehe, kahe ana ke koko. Ke fistula ke coalesce, a ma luna o kona ili apuupuu scars i hana. Eia naʻe,'aʻaʻa hoola ana, aole ia e mau loa - he recurrence, ma i ua wehe hou i ka fistula.

I kekahi manawa, he generalization o ka pathological kaʻina e loli ai i nā pūʻulu o lymph aka wahi. Kēia mau pilikia 'ole o nā kumu extrapulmonary tuberculosis. ʻike, ua lawe mai i loko o keia hihia ma ka biopsy me ka mahope keʻena hoʻokolohua ho'āʻo Eia kekahi laʻana loaa.

Pehea e diagnose extrapulmonary tuberculosis?

Me oe e ike, he nui na symptoms a me complications, a alakai ai i ka hooulu ana o extrapulmonary tuberculosis. ʻike, o kēia mau maʻi puʻuwai, Eia naʻe, pili i kekahi mau pilikia, no ka mea, e ike i ka lapaʻau kiʻi mea mamao aku, mai loko o kēlā me kēia hihia. A, i ka hapanui o nā mea maʻi i diagnosed ano ma holomua kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka tuberculosis.

Maoli ai, no ka mea, o ka ka loaʻaʻana o ka maʻi he mea pono e hoʻomaka kekahi noiʻi. He kuhikuhi Mantoux hoao aku me kekahi mau nā māhele o ka tuberculin. Kēia hōʻike kōkua hooholo ina ka hoʻomanawanui nō a hiki i ke kamepiula hui. Eia hou, nui i ka anu u ma kaʻike, ka radiography a me ka fluoroscopy like extrapulmonary maʻi ana hoʻomōhala ku e pulmonary tuberculosis. O uuku, koena pulmonary lesion ke hoʻokūpaʻa i ke alo o ka maʻiʻaʻai ma ka hoomanawanui i loko o kēlā mau 'ole' ē aʻe nā loko.

I ka wā e hiki mai, ua mālama 'ia nā haʻawina, a, ma ka hana, ultrasound,ʻume mākenēki resonance a me ka kamepiula tomography, biopsy a me keʻena hoʻokolohua ninaninau ana o nā'aʻaʻa no ke alo o Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Lapaʻau o extrapulmonary tuberculosis a me kona peculiarities

O ka holo ana, ia mea he mea pepehiʻike, akā, no ka mea, i loko o ka wahi mua i nā pono o nā mea maʻi ma ke alo o ka pono ka pākōlea kaʻina hana. Lapaʻau o extrapulmonary tuberculosis - ka lōʻihi, a eiiieaena, a me kona papa kuhikuhi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao coincide me ke ano o ka Inc no pulmonary ano o ka maʻi.

Eia naʻe, antibiotic Inc kākaʻikahi e hana. Ka mea i mycobacteria hoʻomaka koke hoʻomōhala ia'ku i aneane pauʻano likeʻole o nā antibiotics, no laila, i kēia mau ai 'i ana hoʻohana like auxiliaries.

Ua Ua manaoia e ia i ka loa ka hoʻokō chemotherapy. I kēia lā, loaʻa nō kekahi mau ano o ia kanaka. Loa pinepine ia hana i ka ai-kapaia quadruple Inc i ka loaʻa o ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka rifampicin, streptomycin, isoniazid a me ka pyrazinamide. Kekahi malū nā keʻena lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana hou e holumua ai pyatikomponentuyu noaia, ka hoʻokuʻi i ka papa inoa o ka ai ', i kekahi mau ai' o ka mea hou hanauna. Pono koho hoʻohui pū kōkua luku pathogens o tuberculosis, akā, Eia naʻe, i ka iapaau ana, aole ia i pau i laila.

No ka mea, chemotherapy no ka tuberculosis he kūlana e loli ai i ke kino, he mea likeʻole hepatoprotectors, like hoʻi me ai ', accelerating i ke kaʻina hana o ka wehe toxins mai i ke kino (mea ec acetylcysteine, reosorbilakt). Eia hou, nui ka hapa o ka Inc o ka hooponopono ana o immunostimulants, a me glutoksim, xymedon, galavit.

I kekahi manawa, i ka iapaau ana regimen nā nā wikamina o ka pae A i mea e pale aku i ke kūpono 'ana o keʻike ākea neuropathies. Ma kekahi mau hihia,ʻoki kino ka pono. Ma 'ana, ka hana ua hoakaka ia ma ka hihia o ka granuloma ho okumu i loko o ka spine, like keia mea me ka wale ala, e pale' inoʻino loa i ke aʻalolo aʻa a me spinal kaula.

ma hope o nā mea a pau o ka pākōlea anaʻO nā rula i e alakaʻi i ka hoʻomanawanui. An nui kahua o ka hou ana o ke kino o ke ola i ke Aloha Hawaii a me ka ponoʻai. Keʻai e hoʻohui i ka mahuaola, e like me ka mea a pau luna 'ana o nā wikamina a me nā minelala hao. He nui ke hoihoi maʻamau kino ke kaumaha. A me ka tuberculosis (pulmonary a extrapulmonary) paa mea maʻamau sanatorium lapaau.