He aha ka arboretums a me ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau na kihapai

Mākou pinepine e ike i ka paka e hoʻonānea, pakele mai ka haukamumu, a hookomo iho oe ia oe iho i loko o ka lewa mālie a me ka maluhia. Akā, ka mea hiki ke hana ole wale no? Aaoee a me ka lealea, akā, no hoi, no ka laʻana, i ka noiʻi pulakaumaka. Parks mea he ākeaʻano o? Ueony, e like me mōʻaukala, aeaaiono?, A me ka mea hoʻomanaʻo, akā, i loko o kēia 'atikala mākou e kamailio e pili ana i ka arboretum a me ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau na kihapai. E ka nana aku ma ko lakou manao a me ka mōʻaukala.

Arboretums: Definition

"Arboretum" ma Greekʻano "laau". Lakina inoa makemake kani e like "arboretum". Arboretum - he oo? O ka arboretum, a ua manaoia no ka lehulehu ioauoa. Ke kahi ua hoahu iho la no kona mahi i ka hamama lepo woody mea kanu, a i waiho i kekahi mau kai, e like me Nani Loa a me ka hana kemika. Ua Uaʻike nui i ka hapanui o ka arboretum i ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau kīhāpai, akā, ma laila i e kuokoa naehana. Arboretum hoomaka ae la e hele mai ma ka pili ana me ka hooulu ana i keia kahua o ka botany like dendrology.

'Ōlelo Aʻo i ka arboretum me ka loa e lauwili ohi o ka laau: Sochi, eanie?' Enekinia, Halau ma St. Petersburg, e like me ka Main Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Garden RAS (Moscow). Wale aku nō i ke kēia examples wahi ulu lāʻau: arboretum Kornik ma Poland, o ka arboretum ma Kew (kokoke London), ka arboretum o Nikitsky Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Garden ma Crimea. Arboretum hiki i ka ololi pulakaumaka,ʻo ia hoʻi, wale kekahi mauʻano o nā mea kanu hiki ke ulu i loko o ia mau mea. Kēia hiki e siringarii (specialize i ka ulu i ka lilac) populetumy (popela maka) ole koniferetumy Pinar (coniferous) frutitsetumy (laau uuku) vititsetumy (creeper).

Aia ka he mau rula no nā arboreta: a pau na laau a me ka laau uuku ke aupuni 'ma luna o ke kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana manawa. Ia mea, o ka poe i komo iloko o ka ia genus, e e kanuʻia ma ke kaʻawale paena. Kipa i ka Arboretum, e hiki ke loaa ka ike lea i ke ao nei kupaianaha o nā mea kanu, miomio paha hou i loaʻa ma ka ano.

I ka moolelo o ka hanana

I ka laau i loko o ka mea kanu ao ua nohoia mau kūlana nui ka, no ka mea ma ka mōʻaukala o ke kanaka i lawe mai, alahula mau pomaikai i kanaka. Ma ka 18th kenekulia i ka hana ma luna o dendrology, akā, ka mea wale no noonoo i ke ano o ka mea mawaho hoailona o nā mea kanu. Ma hope, hoomaka ae la kānakaʻepekema, e hana me ka like aeeeeiaoecaoee o nā lāʻau i na pilikia, hoʻopaʻa haʻawina lākou aaiaoe?, E like me ka hana ana o ka hou? Ueo. Ua uku ia kekahi noonoo ana i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' - i ka hoike o ka ulu i loko o ia mau wahi i mea ole nona i kā lākou kaianoho koholā.

Nā hanaʻaloʻia e kēia mau ē aʻei

Arboretums a Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau na kihapai i pololei e pili ana i na aina o ka pela hoomaluia wahi. Ka mea, i ka waeʻano kaawale o ka hoomaluia wahi, ma laila nō kūikawā kanu hoiliili ole ma ka mea e hoʻowaiwai i na flora a me nā mea olaʻokoʻa. Eia hou, e koi 'ia ka mea, e lawe mai e ao ana, ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻolaha' hana. Ma kēia mau? Aneie lapaʻau nāna e hoʻomōhala 'epekema kumu o ka panorama kuhikuhipuʻuone, ornamental horticulture, ka mahiʻai mala, hoike o hihiu mea kanu i loko o ka moʻomeheu, e mālama iā lākou, mai pests a me nā maʻi, a me ka oi.

Ka loio i? Eia o arboretums a me Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau na kihapai

E ka nana aku i ka poe i uumi i kēia mau panalāʻau e noho. Land ma luna a ma laila nō Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau i nā kīhāpai a me nā arboretums i hoolilo i perpetuity i kekahi mau kulanui. Loko o kēia mau iauaeoia e puʻunaueʻia i loko o kekahi ooieoeiiaeuiuo wahi: exposition, iao?, Mana a me ka hoʻomalu.

Natural kia hoʻomanaʻo i, arboretums, Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau nā mahinaʻai i kekahi loio i? Eia. Mua kukuluia ma ka olelo hooholo o ka Aupuni Lūkini, a me ka hooko kino o ka Russian Hui ma ka manaʻo o ka mea mana moku'āina kino i loko o ka poepoe o? Aneie hoomalu.

O ka poe i komo i loko o ka'āina mau mea e kukaʻi, a he kia hoʻomanaʻo i ke ano, i ka pilikia e lawe mai nā hana e hōʻoia i ka? Eia o kūikawā hoomalu. Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau nā mahinaʻai a me nā arboretums nō nā 'āina' a me ka pekelala hookohu. I kā lākou ?? eoi? Ua papa ia hana i mea ole ua hoʻopili i ko lākou hoʻokō 'ana i kā lākou mau hana, a hikiʻae like hoʻokuʻu ma kahai i ka pono o Floral mea.

An laʻana o ka Arboretum kaulana i loko o Rusia

Eiiia?, Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau nā wahi ulu lāʻau, a na kihapai palahalaha ae ma ka honua. A hailonaʻana o ia i loko o Rusia. A kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi o ia i kekahi pāka hiki ke kapaia Sochi Arboretum, i ka hapa o Sochi National Park. He, e like 'ē aʻe like mea, hana like me ka mea nana i malama o ka Green Collection. Aia i loko o ka naʻau o ke akoakoa, e like me ka nani 'āpana o ka mea lahaʻole flora a me? Aaoa. Aia nō ua make 1,700 laha 'o nā lāʻau a me nā laau uuku, a i ohi mai ka wahi likeʻole o ke ao nei.

Sochi Arboretum a me kona kuhikuhipuʻuone hale, sculptures a me nā wai puna nana e like me ka hana ana o ke akamai. Heʻikeʻia ma luna o ka hema e akoakoa ai ma ka hopena o 19th kenekulia, a ma na 50s o ka hope kenekulia i? Aeiino?. Currently, ka paka kanu oi ma mua o 2 tausani laha 'elele o ko ka honua ka flora. Ua Ua lōʻihi, ua komo i loko o ka polokalamu huakaʻi o ka hapanui o nā iauaeoia oo? Ecia. He He Mele aupuni impresses me konaʻano o ka mea lahaʻole mea kanu i ua pua i hiki i ka hooilo. 'Aʻole loa aku, ma o ka Adler apana, i ke aupuni' arboretum "Hawaiian moʻomeheu".

He aha ka ke Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau mala?

E like me ka ho'ākāka 'ana, a haawi aku i ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau māla o International Botanic Gardens, ia mea he hui i i hoʻopaʻa pepa paʻi kiʻi i hoiliili ole o nā mea kanu e noho ana, a i hoʻohana me ka manao ikaika o ka noiʻi, e like me ka hoʻonaʻauao keʻano o ka hanaʻana, nā mea olaʻokoʻa a me ka flora ho'ākāka hōʻike mai iā ia ma loko o laila. Other ka wehewehena hākālia nō i ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau māla - he'ōmaʻomaʻo ele ele, hanaia no na hana i helu 'ia ma luna aʻe. I ka mea, heʻokoʻa i loko o ke ano o keia manaʻo mea wale nō i loko o ka mea i ka mea, ua kapaia ka ?? eoi? Ee a hui.

I kēia lā o ka hōʻike ma keia makahiki i manaoia pela hoomaluia hoʻokiwikā kuka o ka aina, ma muli o ka waiwai a ka poe Hawaii kīhāpai, omaomao hoʻopaʻa pepa paʻi kiʻi haul. Ma ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau na kihapai pele hana hale hoʻoulu mea kanu,? Eeiae, herbaria, i ka makaikai a me ka hoonaauao oihana.

Ke ohi o ka Main Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Garden, a ua noho ma Moscow, ua nui na laha 'o nā mea kanu, mai ka aina mai o ka (Northern hemisphere) i mea ole koke hiki ke hele a maʻa i ka hana huliau no ia.

I ka mua hoʻolauna Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Garden?

Ka mua Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau mahina i hanaia i loko o ka XIV kenekulia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale Italia o Salerno, a ua kaulana i loko o ka Middle Ages, Europe mau kahiko 'inikua kula. Kekahi o ka mea kaulana kauka i laila Matthaeus Silvaticus, ka mea hoi ua he botanist. I ia mau lā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka ai 'he okoa mea kanu.

Kēia kanaka i mua ike i ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau kīhāpai: ka mea, o ka haumāna i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ina ua lilo i ke kauka, e familiarize lakou ia lakou iho me ka lāʻau lapaʻau mea kanu. ka mea, Ua haawiia mai i ka inoa i loko o ka hanohano o ka Roma akua wahine o ke akamai - "Garden o Minerva". He ua lilo i ka wahi, kahi a hoomaka ae la lakou e ulu mea kanu no ka 'epekema hana. i hope, e halii mai i Italy kēia mau mahinaʻai, a laila,ʻikeʻia i loko o nā'āinaʻEulopa 'ē aʻe. I mua ka mea, mālama 'inikua kohoʻia, a laila, hoomaka iho la ia e hana, a me nā pahu hopu.

Activity o Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau kīhāpai

I ko kakou aupuni, ka mua Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau kīhāpai i ikea ma lalo o Peter I, oa i ka 1706. Ua Ua hana e ulu lāʻau lapaʻau kanu i loko o laila, a me ka inoa Pono nń wale kona pulakaumaka - "mea lāʻau lapaʻau Garden". Akā, i ka mea i lawe a me ka hoonaauao hana. laila, Kanu iho la ke alii i ka mahinaai ma ka larch, kaʻa a me ka spruce, no laila, ua malihini ke ike maopopo iho la i na oko ma waena o lākou.

Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau nā mahinaʻai i hoomaluia maoli wahi a me kaʻepekema hui. Lākou wahi ua maheleia i loko o nāʻoihana e hoʻopili like i kekahi mau climatic cii. No ka mea kanu i ole ka hoopau i hiki ia ia ma ke kula ma waho, kūkulu i ka hoʻomehana honua, kahi o nā kūlana pono i hanaia. E like me nā hana kulanui, Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau nā mahinaʻai hana na kēia mau hana: kanu ao a me ka mālama 'ana o ka pohihihi? Ueo. A pau kēia mau kulanui i herbarium hoiliili ole o ka waihona o ka moʻokalaleo ma botany, ma laila nō ka makaikai oihana.

China o ka nui loa Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau mahinaʻai, i ka loa o ka ?? eoi? I mea, heʻe piʻoloke ihola. Ua Ua hele ia e 13 na muliwai, he mau mauna a me na awawa. Ma ka Nikita Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Gardens, i kahi ma luna o ka Peninsula o Crimea, ulu laau oliva, o kona mau makahiki ka oi ma mua o 2000 makahiki. Akā, i ka loa nui Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau māla ma Europe i ka papa kuhikuhiE Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau kihapai , o N. V. Tsitsina Russian Halau o Sciences (Moscow). Ke northernmost wahi i loko o ke ao nei ma he mea ia he mea - o Norway. I ko kakou aupuni ka mea, ua aia ma luna o ke kola Peninsula.

ka hopena

Ma muli o ka 'ike hōʻike' aneʻi, e lilo ia i oi ahuwale nui iauaeoia e like me arboretums a me Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau na kihapai. Ka mea, e lawe aku i ka puu o ka hiʻona a me ka noonoo a pau i ka nani o na flora o ko mākou Honua. Ma kēia mau māhele o ke ano, ke kanaka-i, ma kekahi wahi 'oe ke' ike i nāʻanoʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu i ohi ia mai a puni ka honua.