"Island o ka moana" - he kiʻi Arnolda Boklina. Description a me ka Hawaii photo

I ka 1827 i loko o ke kūlanakauhale Hawaiian o Basel hanau pena o kona hana i ka weliweli no hopena ma luna o ka ulu ana o ke akamai a me ka moʻomeheu i loko o mau. Name Arnolda Beklina ua he hale inoa i loko o ka pōʻai o Symbolist pena, a kaulana pena o Böcklin "Ka Island o ka make," ua i ka ulu ana no ka helu ana i influential huahelu o ke akamai honua.

Arnold Böcklin

Wā e hiki mai mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka surrealism i hanau i ke keiki a kekahi waiwai silika kalepa Kristjan Fridriha Beklina. Arnold Böcklin loaa noʻeau aʻo i loko o Düsseldorf, a, ma muli naʻe o kona kū hoʻokahi mika a me keʻano o nā 'ana i kūpono, ka mea, ua haawiia keia i ke kula Düsseldorf o ka pena.

Kumu i hoʻomaopopo ai Böcklin like me ka loa i olelo mua iaʻi haumāna, a no laila, iā nō i ka haumāna, Arnold pinepine hele ma kahi e, oia hoi ma Palukela a Aioaa? Iaia, ma ka opiopio artist mānewanewa i nā hana nui o Hōlani a me ka Flemish mau haku. Kekahi 'oihana hele ana me ka haumāna alakai Beklin ma Paris, ma ka artist malaila i ka makahiki ma ka Louvre.

I ka makahiki 1850, hele aku la i ka artist i Roma, kahi panina kuhikuhipuʻuone, mehana aniau a me ka waiwai moʻomeheu alakai aku la ia ia, e noho no ehiku makahiki. Ma Italy Böcklin mare i ka kūloko kaikamahine. Ka mea, i ka nui 'ohana - 14 keiki, a i eono wale hiki adulthood. No nā kumu, ka artist a me kona 'ohana neʻe pinepine, no kekahi manawa, ua lilo i loko o Weimar, ma kāna aʻoʻana i pena ma ke kula kēia. Ma Basel, Böcklin aʻo monumental pena e kauoha aku, o ka hope mau makahiki i ka artist lilo ma Italy, ma kona Kauhale kokoke i Florence.

Ke symbolism a me ka "Isle o ka Make Loa"

I ka loa hoʻomaka o kona 'oihana Bocklin pena Landskap a me hoʻokiwikā kuhikuhipuʻuone. Over manawa, i kana hana i loaa mythological kohoʻia, akā, i nā hana kaulana o ka Hawaiian pena helu pu ia mawaena o ka 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke o symbolism. Naʻe, ka mea, o kekahi kilo ma Landskap a me motifs o panina pili kūpono loa. No ka laʻana, i ka hana kaulana loa Arnolda Beklina "The Island o ka make," - i ke kiʻi o nā panorama, a mythological kanaka, a me ka luna 'hana me ka eiiieaen, kaumaha symbolism, a he nui ka helu o ka mea.

Ma ke kiʻi ma luna o ke kāʻei kua o ka kia lani hōʻike he uuku mokupuni, i palu ma ke aniani waiʻili. Ma ka mokupuni ulu loloa pouli lāʻau kaʻa lāʻau, a me nā pōhaku i hiki huinahń lua, like halekupapau. Ma ka wai ili i ka mokupuni, hoouna ākea waapa, ma a he mea mau. Kekahi o na huahelu wahīʻia i loko o keʻokeʻo lole, me he mea i loko o ka lāʻau malumalu, a kū ma ke alo o ka keʻokeʻo huinahń pahu, e like me ka pahu.

Mawaena o ka mea nui ke ano o ka loa hanohano mana o ke ano o ka hula ma Greek pili kūpono loa. E like me ia, i ka uhane o ka hele meʻe, o na akua a me ka koʻikoʻi personalities koho kiʻi i kekahi wahi ma ka secluded mokupuni ma ka waena o ka muliwai Styx. A aka i keʻokeʻo ua pinepine haawiia e alakaʻi i kekahi ao Charon.

Ke theme like o ka make i kekahi o ka loa pinepine i loko o nā hana o Böcklin. He noteworthy i mua o ka "Isle o ka moana" Arnold Beklin ole ia na inoa o kona mau pena, akā, ma ka palapala me ka Customer, ka mea mua wale nō o ka penaʻo ia iā ia iho i kona hana Die Toteninsel. Ma wale i kekahi mau makahiki, i ka artist pena eono wale nō o ka pena, a i elima i palapala Beklin iho, a me ka ono i kākau ai me kana keiki Carlo i ka makahiki hope o kona ola.

Ka mua koho

Mea ma "Island o ka moana" Böcklin loaa mai i kona hoa, philanthropist Aleksa Gyuntera. Ka mua mana o ka ho film i kākau i loko o ka Florentine artist ka o Nuioka ma. Böcklin pena pau i ka 1880, akā, like me Leonardo "Dzhokkondoy" i makemake ole eʻuwao me ia. Ka mua "Kaumakaiwa Island" i koe i loko o ka'āina hoʻoili o kona mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā a me kona make ana.

Ke kumu no keia IeIIeYOA i ke kiʻi, he nui kiʻiʻoniʻoni kapa make Beklin kaikamahine. Ke keiki make i ka makahiki 1877, a ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia ilina i loko o ke kūlanakauhale Italian o Florence. Keia ilina ua kanuʻia me ka lōʻihi kaʻa lāʻau, i loko o ka haumana o ka Hawaiian symbolist ka hopu mea like me ka mea pena.

"Ke kiʻi no ka moeʻuhane"

Oiai e hana ana ma ka mana mua o ka pena Florentine o Nuioka ma Beklin kipa Maria Bern, waiwai wahine o ka financier George av Bern. Paha hooeueuia lakou e ka paʻa hapa canvas, wahine kauoha i ka artist, "pena e moe." No kona Bocklin kakau iho la oia i ka lua o ka mana o ka "Mokupuni", a ua uuku ka nui, i kākau 'ia ma ka laau panel, a ua i loko o kaʻokoʻa, oi kaiāulu hoihoi o nā waihoʻoluʻu.

Ua mea noteworthy i ka loa pohihihi hehee ai o ka pena "Ka Isle o ka moana",ʻo ia ka moku me ke kii o Charon, i hou i ka haku mele 'ana ma ka noi o Marii Berna, a kanikau ihola ia i kāna kāne. Hope Böcklin dorisoval waapa ole wale ma luna o ka lua o ka mana o ke kiʻi, akā, no hoi ma ka honua.

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o ka haku wahine o ka lua o ka mana o ka "Mokupuni o ka moana" pena i hāʻawiʻia i ke gale i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Lucerne, kahi e kuai i ka Gotfrida Kellera Foundation. I kēia lā, i kēia kaulana pena hōʻike ma ka New York Museum "Kauhalenui".

Mural Fritz Gurlita

Apana, i ka loa hanohano mana o ka pena i Komikina'Āina ma ke ÿauhau Fritz Gurlitom. He Aloha e, e like me ka mua elua, i pena ia ma Florence, a pau i ka 1883. He ka malamalama o ka na mana o ke kiʻi. Ma waho o ka māmā me ka unahiʻole, i ke kolu o ka mana o ka "Pae Aina" ua wehewehe aku ma dynamism - na luna o slender lāʻau kaʻa lāʻau hoʻohei i loko o ka makani, a me ka wai 'ilikai mea,ʻaʻole e like me ka aniani.

Kēia mana o ka loa hanohano aie i ka mea i ka mea, ua me ia i i Maksom Klingerom ka pono etching, me a Frits Gurlit paiia pilikia ka pua. I ka pau ana o XIX - i kakahiaka nui XX kenekulia, i kēia mau pilikia ka pua a pau loa mahalo o Hawaii, ma ke ano no ia i hele mai i loko o ka'āina'ē. I kēia lā Old National Gallery ma Pelelina hōʻike mua i pena i loko o ka paʻa 'ohi.

Kālā pilikia, a me ka ha o ka mana o ke kiʻi

A makahiki ma hope o ka pau 'ana o ke kolu o kaʻano o ka "Mokupuni o ka moana" Beklin lehulehu ohana holo i loko o kālā pilikia, prompting ka artist e kākau i kekahi mana o kona loa Popular pena, a hoʻolilo aʻelaʻo ia i ke ÿauhau kaulana barona Hans Thyssen-Bornemisza de Ka Cason.

E like me ka mea no ka ha o ka mana Bocklin hoʻohana ke keleawe a me ka aila pena. E kala mai, ua kiʻi hiki ole ola i ka Mahele Kaua Honua a me ka luku, paha ma Pelelina a Rotterdam. Ka mea, uaʻeleʻele wale, a keʻokeʻo For.

Canvas no ka Paheona Arts Museum ma Leipzig

Mau makahiki ma hope, Böcklin hoi aku la i ka "Island o ka Make Loa." Ke pena Ua Komikina'Āina ma ka Museum o Nice Arts, i ke kūlanakauhale Kelemānia o Leipzig. He noteworthy i keia manawa i ka artist koho tempera aila pena.

I ka lima o ka kiʻi mea maopopo i nanaia mau hoe waa, alakai i ka moku a hiki i ka mokupuni, he okoa ka waapa iho ka nui kokoke i ka pale, i hoohalikeia me ka eha koho 'ē aʻe. He hana hoihoi 'ia ana ka walaʻauʻana haku mele' ana o ka "Island o ka make," koe ka ia i loko o kēlā me kēia mana i he okoa uuku wahi. Ke ano noaia o eono pena, he, mea okoa.

Pena "Isle o ka make," ma ka leʻaleʻaʻeleʻele,

Ke ono o ka mana o ka pena Arnolda Beklina, i mea i loko o ka kula ohi, akā, ke hōʻike nō ia o loko o St. Petersburg leʻaleʻaʻeleʻele, o ka loa e hoʻohoka. Paha no ka mea kākau ma waena o ka lima a me ka ono ia o nā kinolau o "Island o ka moana" Ua Uaʻaneʻane elima makahiki. He hana hoihoi i keia mana Bocklin i kākau ai ma keʻano neʻepapa me kana keiki Carlo i ka makahiki hope o kona ola.

Moÿomeheu kŰia o kona manawa

Ma ka malihini coincidence, keia mea i ke kiʻi o Böcklin lilo i cult ho film o kona manawa. He ka "Island o ka moana" - pena, i lawe mai kona mea kākau i ka wa e ola ana o ke kaulana. Ma kekahi moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi a hanohano Beklinʻaneʻane deified e kahea ana "hou o ka'āina o Michelangelo."

E like me ia wā, "Isle o ka make," - he kiʻi, ma mua he integral hapa o ka Kalaiaina, e like me ka holomua wā'ōpiopio, a me ka nohona intelligentsia, a me ka moku'āina hinterland hoʻomaka o ka XX kenekulia.

Pilikia ka pua o ke kolu o kaʻano o nā pena hoopuehu mai ai i nā mea a pau ma luna oʻEulopa. Admirer o Bocklin,ʻo ia, ua ka "Island o ka make," i ka mea nui loa ka moʻomeheu a me ka mōʻaukala huahelu. Ua luku aku la ma ka ke kilokilo lewa o ke kiʻi a me kona hopena ma luna o ka hoolohe Apollinaire, Clemenceau, Freud, Dali, Kandinsky a me Rachmaninoff. Ke kolu o koho i loaa e Adolf Hitler, a kau aku la i loko o ka Reich Chancellery.

"Island o ka moana" - He kiʻi ia i lilo i kumu o ka ulu no ka nui no hoi na hana o ka no oe ma ka pena, a me ka mele, ho film, poetry, a kiʻi kaula.