Ka hopuna'ōlelo "Stolypin necktie": e 'o ia hoʻi?

Pyotr Stolypin ua he statesman, he reformer nui. He Ua hanau ia ma 1862 ma Dresden, a make iho la ma Kiev i ka 1911. I kekahi mau manawa, Stolypin paa kela oihana keia oihana. No laila,ʻo ia i kekahi Apana ilāmuku o ke alii ko lakou Kovno a me Grodno Saratov Kiaaina, ke Kuhina Nui Kuhina, a me ka Kuhina o ko na kulekele.

maʻamau vitae

Ma ka mōʻaukala o Rusia ma ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia Stolypin i kapa me ka statesman a me ka reformer. Loa nui o kona mau manamana i loko o ka suppression o unrest i loko o 1905-1907. I ka 1906, ma Rotehama II, kaumaha aku la ia ia i ke kia o ka lawelawe ana o na kulekele. Kekahi manawa ma hope o ka mea i hoʻoheheʻeʻia e ke aupuni, a me ka State Duma o ka houluulu mua. Stolypin, ma ka huli, ua hoonohoia Kuhina Nui kuhina. Mai kona hou kulana, i mea e paʻa ana a kona make ana, oia kana a he mau bila. Ma ka mōʻaukala o kēia wā ua hoailono aku la me agrarian mihi. I ka papa kuhikuhiE maʻiʻo o na nā mea hoʻololi oia i loko o ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o kekahi ona o ka aina mahiai. Ke aponoia kānāwai ma luna o Aha-ʻoihana i puakai hoopai no ka mea hewa. A laila, Stolypin i nema aku no ka rigidity. I waena o nā hana e lawe wahi, Kuhina Nui Kuhina, e pono ke kūʻai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ka pōkole zemstvos a hiki i ke komohana aina, ke kaupalenaʻana i ke kū kaʻawale o ka Luna Nui Duchy o Finland, i ka noho male' ana o ka Apana Duma, i loko o ka'ōnaehana hoʻokoho kānāwai hoʻololi. mea i hoʻokumu i kēia nā mea hoʻololi i ka suppression o unrest i loko o 1905-1907. Me Peter Abramovich ha awina hoopaaia e ua lilo eheu mau hopuna: "Stolypin necktie" a me ka "Stolypin ukana i". Kēia mau nīnau nui, e like me ka moʻolelo, blacken i ka inoa o ka reformer. E mākou huli hou mea, kena ae la ia i ka manao.

"Stolypin necktie"

Ua kaulana 'aoʻao o paʻa tarnish i ka nui Lūkini alakaʻi ka inoa. Peter Arkadevich kapa hoʻohanohanoʻia kā lākou mau oratorical Hawaiʻi. Ua UaʻAʻole pono hoʻopaʻa ma ka halawai o ka Duma. Ma kekahi o ia mau mea, a me ka olelo o "Stolypin ka necktie". Ka makahiki ma i ka hanana ana - 1907. Ka halawai Ua paʻa ma luna o November 17 (kahiko 'atikala.). I ka mea kākau o ka hopuna'ōlelo "Stolypin necktie" (Hawaii photo reformer hōʻike i ka 'atikala) - Fedor Rodichev. Ua kaulana cadet laila, piʻi aʻela ia i ka podium. Ka hoʻomaka o kana olelo, kena ae la outrage i waena o mp. Hoomau ana i ka olelo ana, Rodichev increasingly nalowale i kona hikiwawe. A ma ka pono o ka hikiwawe, ua hoʻomanaʻo aʻela i ka 'aoʻao o "Muravyevsky pūliki koa" Purishkevich. Ka mea, ua pili ana i na hana o General Muravyov pili me ka liquidation o ka Polish uprising i ka 1863. E like me ka transcript o ke anaina paa, alaila, Rodichev mai la: "He aha i ua kapaia Muravievskaya pūliki koa e a laila e haawi ia ia e like me" Stolypin ka necktie "Ho'ākāka 'i haawi Rodichev, hilahila i ke kaula no nāʻolokeʻa ..

naoh lunakanawai

Ma kekahi keʻena nui koke ka uwila i ka hou nalu o ka inaina. Lunakanawai ma na wahi a ho'ōho mea hewa a me ka waiwai'ālunu i kūamuamu Emperor 'elele. A laila, hele aku la kekahi o lakou, a hiki i ka podium, a ho'āʻo e puʻe wale ia e huki aku Rodicheva. Lunakanawai, ua okoa kālai'āina manao a me he manao la noʻu. Naʻe, manaʻo huhū keia, ka mea a pau kaheaia lākou loa io e pili ana i ka hana 'ia. Cadet a me ka ia i ua nema aku e Purishkevich. E like me ka hopena, i ka Duma Ahaolelo i Nyos. I na kahea ana mua o ka haikea a me ka luuluu loa Stolypin mai la ia mai o ke keena. Luna hoomalu o ka Duma Khomyakov a me ka poʻe lawelawe hahai aku la ia ia.

"Ua hana 'ia ua ana"

Stolypin, me ke alii, i ka anaʻe i ka 'oiaʻiʻo ma loko he hana nui loa i ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia. Koke ma hope o ka loaa ana i ke kūkala nūhou Rodichev ia i hoounaia'ku ai i Peter Arkadevichu, a ma ke alo o kekahi mau hoike e hoʻololi aʻe mihi i ka hewa. Stolypin ka aie cadet. Ma kēia hana ' i, ua noho. Ka lono o ke kala ana Rodicheva nani koke hele a puni na lunakanawai, ua lawe mai i calming na nā paʻi hua. Eia naʻe, E like me kaʻike maka, ma hope o kēia hana 'ia, Stolypin loa hou paʻa mai i kona lima Rodichev. Duma koke i hana. No kona hopuna'ōlelo i wehe 'ia "Stolypin necktie" Rodichev, mai ka 15 hālāwai.

"Ka nā kaʻao o ka reformer"

Ke hana 'ia ke ua noho kekahi hapa o ka mōʻaukala. Naʻe, hoomaka ae la ka nā kaʻao e ola koʻu ola. Me ka hoolohe ana o ka Bolsheviks, ka hōʻike "Stolypin necktie" o ka hoopai ana o ka poe hala ole kanaka olelo hooholo o ka Aha-ʻoihana, a kauoha ae la i ka reformer. I kekahi o kona mau 'atikala i kākau ai no Petre Arkadeviche me ka "poe hangmen a me pogrom-'ē aʻe, e hoomakaukau oe ia oe iho no kaʻAha Kuhina pou ekaeka kauwa."

hou moʻolelo

Oiaio no, o ka Bolsheviks hiki ole kala Stolypin enactment o kaʻoihana Aha, i ho'āʻo e kinai loa i ka lapalapa ahi o ka kipi, e hooki i ka looting a me ka ikaika o ke kipi ana o 1905-1907. Eia hou, i ka mihi hookaulua aku i ka hoouka kaua ana o ke kipi o 1917. I ka Soviet mana nā kaʻao auwana mai kekahi mōʻaukala puke ma ka 'ē aʻe. Ka hopuna'ōlelo "Stolypin necktie" ma lalo o ka aoao o ka Communist? Eia ua lilo kaʻoneki. Ma kekahi wahi, i hoemiia wale nō a hiki i kēia 'aoʻao o Peter Abramovich a pau mihi hope. Ma keia palapala, i ka hopuna'ōlelo "nakinaki Stolypin", maoli, a ua ola a hiki i kēia lā.

manao kino

E like me ka anamanaʻo, kekahi o ka nohona latike o ka maoli moolelo o ka helehelena o ka hopuna'ōlelo "Stolypin necktie" i wale 22% o nā mea i paneʻia. 9% o nā mea i paneʻia manao ia ma keia ano o ka hoike inaina kanaka kŘpa a papakaukau repression, hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, a loaʻa, e kaha "kipi" mau mea. 9% o nā mea i paneʻia hoikeia i ka nānā i ka mea, ua i ke ano ma ka manawa o ka Hawai i, a hanau mai la i ka Stolypin. Kokoke 49% o nā mea i paneʻia manao ua ala reformer puakai ka noose ma ka weliweli.

"Stolypin kaa"

'O kēia kekahi nā kaʻao, relentlessly hahai ana i ka inoa o ka reformer. I ka holo ana o kona hana Stolypin i haawi i ka nui a hiki i ka hikina panalāʻau e noho ana i ke aupuni a pau. Olelo ana i ka makahiki 1908, ma Maraki 31, i ka State Duma ma ka huiʻana ma luna o ka feasibility o ka hana ma luna o ka Amur alahao, i mai la ia Rusia mea he hōʻailona o ka mau-hina aeto. He nana i ka hikina a me ke komohana mai. Kaawale mai ka mea i ka hookahi-na¯ haʻawina manu Ua i ikaika, Stolypin, nae, kuhikuhi mai ia, inaʻoki aku i kekahi poo, me ka mau-hina aeto, aole ia i lilo ikaika, ka mea e kahe mau. A me ka papa kuhikuhiE hooponopono aina'ōnaehana a me ka mahiʻai Krivoshein, Peter Abramovich i ka 1910,ʻo ia i ka nana hele i ka Volga māhele 'āina a me ka Western Siberia.

Policy reformer

Hana me ka mahalo i Siberia Stolypin ua e paipai Polenekia i kona mokuna noa o nā kauwa maiʻEulopa wahi. Kēia kulekele ua hapa o ka agrarian mihi. E like me ka hopena, ma Siberia, neʻe aneane 3 miliona kanaka. Ma ka Hawaiian māhele 'āina i loko o ka papa o na nā mea hoʻololi ka mea, ua hookumuia oia oi ma mua o 3400 Luna Hooponopono. Ka mea, i noho ai oi ma mua o 600 000 kanaka, i hoike no ka ma kahi o 22% o ka poʻe e noho lā ma ka Apana a pau. Kanaka kua'äina noho komo i loko o holo ana ma kahi o 3.4 miliona dessiatines o nele aina.

ka halihali mahiʻai

I ka 1910, ua kūkulu kūikawā kaa no na noho. Ka mea, mai nā mau. Ke koena unuhi ua i ka hapa o ke kaa ma ka laula holoʻokoʻa, ua paʻa i ka pā aku. Ua Ua manao no ke kaa ana o kua'āina holoholona a me ka holoholona. Hope, a me ka Hekikai o Soviet mana, i waihoia laina maka i loko o ka mele ma ka puka aniani. Na kaa i ua hoʻohana i ka limanui hoouna cams a me nā "Anati-hoʻokahuli aupuni hehee wale" ma Central Asia a me Siberia.

manao Solzhenitsyn

I kona puke "Ka Gulag pae'āina," ka mea kākau hōʻike ana i ka mōʻaukala o ia mau hi. It E e kaulana ia Solzhenitsyn - he peahi o Stolypin. E paku ana reformer, ma kona mau buke, oia ho'āʻo e dispel na kaʻao a no ka inoa o Peter Abramovich. E like me ka hope no ka hopuna'ōlelo "Stolypin" ka mea kākau i manaoia he "Stalinist" kaʻa. Pela, aia no he misinterpretation o na manao maikai o reformers. Eia naʻe, ina Stolypin ke Reuʻela,ʻo ia Rodicheva no ka hōʻino 'laila pau ana i ka wahaheʻe ka mea, ua hou ma ka poe ikaika no lakou.

ma ka hopena

Wā, olelo mai o Stolypin, kūikawā mahalo kamailio e pili ana i kona mau koa wiwoʻole a me. Ma ka reformer i? Aaony, a no nā mea a pau kona hana umikumamakahi i e kaua kīmopō. Ka hope kekahi i wahi ma Kiev. Ke reformer kī Dmitry Bagrov. Iloko o keia ho'āʻo, Stolypin i mortally eha. A mau lā ma hope, Peter Abramovich make. Hana Stolypin uaʻano nui loa no ka hooulu ana i ke aupuni a pau. Kona nā mea hoʻololi hookomoia ma ka moolelo me kekahi o ka loa ka hoʻokō. Stolypin olelo mai ai ia ia i halawai o ka Duma He nui nä hopuna, lilo'ēheu.