Lawelawe lole: mall hiʻona

Aneane pau multicellular meaola i haku no nāʻano o nā'aʻaʻa. He He ohi ana i keena, i 'ano like me ka' ole me na hana. No ka mea kanu a me nā holoholona, ka mea mau i ka ia.

Aʻano o nā'aʻaʻa o ola meaola

Ma ka wahi mua a pau fabrics hiki ke maheleia i holoholona a me kaʻai. Ka mea, uaʻokoʻa. E ka nānā i ia.

He aha hiki ia i ka holoholona'aʻaʻa?

Animals ka poe hana pela'aʻaʻaʻAno:

• ko mākou hopohopo;
• muscular;
• epithelial;
• e pili ana.

A pau akā, ka mea mua e māheleʻia i loko o ke ano. Muscle'aʻaʻa mea malimali, striated a me ka naau. Epithelial māheleʻia i loko o hookahi-pona, multilayered - ke kaumaha ma muli o ka helu o nā papa, e like me cubic, paukūʻolokaʻa a me ka planar - ke kaumaha ma muli aeea shape. Connective'aʻaʻa e hoohui mai ia? Ueo e like me moe kolohe puluniu, paa puluniu, reticular, ke koko a me ka lymph, momona, a me ka iwi cartilage.

Aʻano o ke kanu nā'aʻaʻa

Plant nā'aʻaʻa nā na kēia mau 'ano:

• bulk;
• ka uhi;
• lawelawe lole;
• mechanical;
• hoʻonaʻauao '.

A pau 'ano o ke kanu nā'aʻaʻa hui pu iho la kekahi mau? Ueo. No laila, i ke kumu nui e hopohopo nei kaʻaluna ua waihonakala, wai-kona hanau ana a me ka pneumatic. Uhi lole hui? Ueo e like me wauke, Cork a me epidermis. Ma ka alakaʻi'aʻaʻa nō ka xylem a me ka phloem. Manual ua maheleia i collenchyma a me ka sclerenchyma. E nā hoʻonaʻauaoʻaoʻao, apical a me ka intercalary.

All fabrics hana kekahi mau oihana, a me kā lākou 'ole hoʻopili like i ke kūlana e hana. He 'atikala e e noonoo hou lawelawe lole, ka mall hiʻona o kona keena. Kekahi olelo e pili ana i kona oihana.

Lawelawe lole: mall hiʻona

Mau fabrics i maheleia i mau hoailona ia mea: ka phloem a me ka xylem. No ka mea, i nā hana, mai ka ia meristem, i loko o ka mea kanu i ke aupuni 'e pili ana i kekahi i kekahi. Naʻe, ke 'ole o nā alakaʻi nā'aʻaʻa o na? Ueo mau OAOOUIEeE. E ka kamailio hou e pili ana i na ano mau o ka lawelawe nā'aʻaʻa.

Oihana lawelawe fabrics

Lākou ka papa kūlana - ka amo ana o 'ona. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole no ka hana o ka lawelawe fabrics, a hiki i ka ia? Ueo OAOOUIEeE.

Ke kūlana o ka xylem - e hali ana i Nine Inch pāʻoihana, mai ke kumu mai a hiki i nā mea a pau i ka'ē aʻe nā loko o ka mea kanu.

A phloem kuleana pili i - alakaʻi fluids ma ke ku pono ana i ala e hiki aku - mai kekahi 'nā loko mai o ka mea kanu ma ka kumu i lalo i ke kumu.

He aha ka ke xylem?

Ua i haawiia i kekahi laau. Ke lawelawe lole o kēiaʻano he o nā 'okoʻa ana i lawelawe' oihana mua: tracheids a me nā ipu. No hoi, ka mea, ua haku o ÿano oihana mua - lāʻau puluniu, a me ke kumu o hehee - laau parenchyma.

He aha ka ka 'ole o ka xylem aeee?

Keena lawelawe lole e māheleʻia i loko o nā ano: tracheids a me nā ipu Hoʻohana. Tracheids - keia mea he lōʻihi loa nā hīnaʻi manu me unbroken pā pōhaku, ma a he mau ili no ka amo ana o 'ona.

Ka lua o ka lawelawe hehee ai aeee - he ipu - he o kekahi mau keena, i ka poe i kaheaia Hoʻohana moku. i hoʻonohonoho kekahi ma luna o ka mea'ē aʻe kēia mau keena. I ka hookui ana o na Hoʻohana o ka ia moku i ma puka. Ka mea, i kapaʻia perforations. Mau puka i e pono ai no ka amo ana o 'ona ma na ipu. Hele pāʻoihana no keʻano o ka moku, he nui ma mua o tracheids.

Keena heʻelua, ua lawelawe lala make a me ka ole no protoplasts (protoplasts - ka maʻiʻo keena koe wale no o ka halepaahao pa, a laila ka mea, o ka kāna mau 'ōlelo o ka halepaahaoʻili lahilahi, a organelles). Protoplasts ua kahi e, me he mea la ua i loko o ka hīnaʻi manu no ka amo ana i waiwai ka mea, ina e loa paʻakikī.

Ma na moku a me tracheids pāʻoihana paha e kaʻi aku i hoʻopapakū wale akā, i horizontally - i ola aeee a kokoke lawelawe oihana mua.

Nā paia o ka lawelawe hehee wale i ka hanaʻia naʻe, a haawi aku i ka hīnaʻi manu ikaika. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ano o nāʻikepili thickenings lawelawe oihana mua e maheleia iʻoni iho, annelids, hulili, hei a kiko ili.

Mechanical papa, a me ka walaʻauʻana hehee wale o ka xylem

i Wood olona, i kapaia librioformom. Kēia elongated loa i loko o aeee a iʻia naʻe pā odrevesenevshimi. Ka mea hana i ka hana kākoʻo mai o ka hoʻolako 'ikaika xylem.

Oihana mua o ka waihona ipu lole i loko o ka xylem parenchyma a hooku iho la na laau. Mau mea na keena me woody iwi, i kaumaha na mea ili. Eia naʻe, ma ka wahi o ka parenchyma keena o ka pili a hiki i ka moku ka mea, ua kokoke ia e hele, a ua pili i kona poe noonoo ole i kekahi manawa. Wood parenchyma keena, ma ka Akä, i nā ipu kaʻawale keena. Ka mea, i protoplasts. Xylem parenchyma hanaʻia eiiet kuleana pili i - i loko o kona stocking ka mahuaola.

Ai kā ke xylem o kekahi mau mea kanu?

Mai tracheids ma ka evolution ala ae nui mua ma mua o nā ipu a pau, ka lawelawe hehee wale i keia manawa ma ka haahaa aina kanu. Kēia spore (Fern, mosses, laau mosses, horsetails). Ka hapanui o gymnosperms no hoi i wale tracheids. Naʻe, kekahi gymnosperms loaʻa nā moku (ka mea, a pau loa imua i loko o gnetalians). Nō hoʻi, i loaʻa kekahi hoopii, i kēia mau kumu i keia manawa, a me kekahi mau Luna a me horsetails.

Akā, angiosperms (flowering) mea kanu a pau i nā tracheids a me nā ipu.

He aha ka ke phloem?

Ke lawelawe lole o kēia 'ano ua i kapa phloem.

Ke kumu nui loa o ka phloem - kānana lawelawe oihana mua. ¶ A i loko o ka keia 'ole bast ÿano oihana mua (phloem olona,) a me ka oihana mua o ka waihona ipu lole (phloem parenchyma).

Hiʻona o kēia 'ano lawelawe lole moe i loko o ka mea i na keena kānana hehee wale, i kū'ē i ka lawelawe hehee wale xylem noho ola.

Ka 'ole o ke kānana hehee wale

Aia he mau ke ano o ia mau mea: kānana keena a me ka kānana paipu. Ka mua Hohola ae la o ka lōʻihi, a ua kuhikuhi welau. Ka mea i komo iloko ma nā lua, ma i loaʻa ka amo ana o 'ona. Ke kānana keena i oi primitive ma mua o multicellular kānana hehee wale. Ka mea, e ano o nā mea kanu e like me Spore a me gymnosperms.

Ma angiosperms lawelawe oihana mua i hōʻike kānana paipu, oia hoi o ka ai iiiaanoaa o aeee - o Hoʻohana o ke kānana hehee wale. Na ma nā lua o ka elua e pili aeee i hana i ka kānana una.

Akä naÿe i ke kānana keena, haawiia i mall huahelu o multicellular lawelawe oihana mua nō i kāna mau 'ōlelo, akā, ka mea, e ola ana. An nui kūlana i loko o ka 'ole o ka phloem o angiosperms i pāʻani Klek-hoa, nahodyatschiesya e hiki mai ana i kēlā me kēia halepaahao Hoʻohana o ke kānana hehee wale. Ke hoa o nā organelles a me ka nucleus. Ma ia aohe mea i loaa hou mai o ka waiwai.

Ua haawiia i ke phloem keena o ke ola,ʻaʻole i kēia lawelawe'aʻaʻa ke hana no ka lōʻihi manawa. Ma perennial mea kanu i kona ola, he ekolu i eha makahiki, ma hope a na keena o ka vascular'aʻaʻa make.

Additional oihana mua o ka phloem

Eia kekahi kānana keena a paipu, eia kekahi oihana mua o ka lole, a me mechanical nā kumumea i loko o ka lawelawe lole. Ka hope i ka poe bast (phloem) olona. Ka mea hana i kekahi kuleana pili i kākoʻo. 'Aʻole nā mea kanu i phloem olona.

Oihana mua o ka lole poe phloem parenchyma. Ua, like hoʻi me ka xylem parenchyma, hanaʻia he kūlana papaʻa. It stocking 'ona e like me tannins, kēpau a me kekahi poe e ae, pakahi aku la ia ulu mau kumu mua i phloem gymnosperms.

Loko wauke o kekahi mau? Ueo o nā mea kanu

Ma lalo mea kanu e like me Fern, a mosses, ka mea, ua poe ma ke kānana keena. Na ia mau lilo o ka wauke mea typical no ka hapanui o na gymnosperms.

Angiosperm mea kanu i multicellular lawelawe oihana mua: kānana paipu.

Ka 'ole o ka hoʻokō' ia 'kahua o nā mea kanu

Xylem a phloem e mau hoonohonohoʻaoʻao ma kaʻaoʻao a me ke ano laulau. Ke kaumaha ma muli pehea na ano mau o ka lawelawe lole e kuni ihola ia i pili i kekahi i kekahi, malaila i kekahi mauʻano o nā kaola. Ka loa pinepine collateral. Ka mea, i hoʻonohonoho i loko o ia ke ala i ka phloem mea ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ka xylem.

Aia mau no hoi concentric kedera. Ma ia kekahi lawelawe lole poai puni i kekahi. Ka mea, ua maheleia i mau ano: tsentrofloemnye a me tsentroksilemnye.

Ke lawelawe lole i ke kumu nui kahahānai kedera. Ka mea, xylem na kukuna deviate mai ka-oaio? A, a me ka phloem aia ma waena o ka xylem kukuna.

Collateral laulau i oi typical no angiosperms a me concentric - no ka spore a me gymnosperms.

Ka Hopena: A hoʻohālike no nā 'ano o ka lawelawe fabrics

E like me ka hopena, ke haawi aku i ka papaʻaina i loko o i abbreviated ka nui ikepili o nā ano o ka lawelawe nā'aʻaʻa o nā mea kanu.

Ano, ia oe i ike a pau e pili ana i ka hoʻokō 'ia' nā'aʻaʻa o nā mea kanu: mea mea mea, i hana i ka hanaia, a pehea e? Ieoaeunoai lākou mau keena.