Nā Mamua o Odessa: ka mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale, a me kia hoʻomanaʻo i hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Ke ao nei, Ua aneane i kekahi kūlanakauhale like no Odessa ma ka indescribableʻono o kona ola. Ua hoike mai ai ia ia iho i loko o ka kaʻume o ka hema ano, kulanakauhale kuhikuhipuʻuone, intricately hoʻohuiʻia Eia kekahi laʻana o ka ākeaʻano o styles. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea, o ka papa, kona kanaka - Ua pau loa kū hoʻokahi kanaka i kapaia o Odessites, e olelo wale ia ia iho, ano o ka "Odessa" 'ōlelo. Nawai i hoʻokumu i kēia kūlanakauhale ma ke kahakai o ka uliuli o ka Black kai i loko o ke ao nei?

Pehea lā ka lōʻihi o ua mea i!

Olelo ana me ka objectivity, ka maoli Mamua o Odessa - mea ole ka Duc de Ka Richelieu a illustrious Prince G. A. Potomkin, ka mea i aie i keia nani. Ka mea mua e noho ma Odessa ua mākou, he pono ole kūpuna - i ka poʻe e noho lā ma ka Paleolithic, nona i? Iaie? Archaeologists nō i loaʻa ma ka komohana kahakai o ke awawa o Kuyalnik. Ma hope o ia mau mea i loko o ka mua Ka Wā Kaukani BC ma Odessa kaikuono kahakai i ike e kau mai ana, mai kaʻohana a Cimmerians. Ka mea, he elua a me ka hapalua tausani makahiki aku nei hoʻololi i ka Scythians, no hoi e like me ka la, a me ka poe i palu ale o ka Black Sea.

Akā, me nā kānāwai o ka mōʻaukala i implacable. A koke Ua kipaku mau savages mai ma na Helene, i ka ike ma ka manawa a pau i ka kaʻume o ka noho maikai ana kiʻekiʻe. E pili ana mau mea i loko o ka YAaCIe Luzanovka, a me ka Port de Ka Pāʻoihana ololi (paha, e kau ia wale, kuai noho), nā keiki kāne a Hellas noho ma laila a hiki i ka II kenekulia AD. Lākou i haʻalele i ka laulā ke kahua o ka ha awina o kēia archeology. Akā, ka mea, ua nalowale mai kēia mau wahi me ka hele ana i loko o mōʻaukala me ka Mamua o Odessa. Kēia hanohano ka mea, ua loaa.

The Middle Ages a me kā lākou mau huapalapala

Ma ka Middle Ages ka pau nui wahi e pili ana i ka Odessa mākuʻe, pinepine lilo i ka waiwai pio o na lanakila. Here, kahiko Slavicʻohana Ulichi e hoʻokele i ka manawa a me Tivertsy, kahiliiaʻe ma luna o lākou Tartar mau poʻe a pau,ʻo ia lalau mai ia ia i ka lima o predatory Great Duchy o Lithuania. A eia ka mea hope, ma ka XVIII kenekulia,ʻaʻole i ka wā o Ottoman rula.

Aha Papa o Mother Empress

Where i keia la, he laau rustle Kalihikai Boulevard, koke kū i ka Turkish pā Yeni Dunya, a nona hoʻi ka mau ulia e,ʻo ka noonoo ana o ka mau I. V. Gudovicha, i hahai i ka 1789 ma ke poʻo o ka poʻe hao wale Lūkini i Bender. Kona holomua poe ma lalo o ka noho luna ana o ke Kauna Joseph de Ka Ribas Jose hoʻopio i ka Susana, ma ka wanaao ma September 13, hikiʻole i ka malama pono, e hoʻokō 'ia i ke kakahiaka pule, ua komo i ka pā kaua i loko o ka helu ana o Nā Kia Lūkini-Turkish kaua o 1787-1791.

makahiki Two ma hope o ka mea i kakauinoaia kuikahi o Jassy, a hoopau iho la i ka hostilities. E like me ka palapala, ma lalo o ka Lūkini hoailonamoi hele nui ?? eoi? Ee, i kapaia o New Rusia. Ma kona komohana loa, ma ka Black Sea kahakai, ka Empress Ana II palapala i ke kānāwai ma luna o May 27, 1794 kauoha e hoʻomaka kūkulu o ke kulanakauhale, i ka pakaua, a me ka awa. Ke'ī mai, i ka hahau ana o ka peni aliʻi loaa ka pono i ke ola i kēia hanana kulanakauhale.

Ka inoa i haawiia i ka keiki

Kona hana Mamua o Odessa hoomaka pono na malama ekolu. Ka mea mua e hoopuu hoi i puhiia i loko o ka lepo mua o ka hālāwaiʻahaʻaina hana me ka pīpī ia me ka wai hemolele. Ke aikane, e haawi aku ana kulanakauhale i ka io Europa paha, ka ', ka Empress Komikina'Āina i ka hana ana o ka Hōlani lunaʻenehana a me kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Fransua De Vollanu, komo Lūkini hana i ka 1787 ma lalo o ka patronage o ka Lūkini elele i loko o ka Haag.

A e wehe i ke ao nei i ka wā o kona hanau ole wale keiki i hāʻawi inoa, akā, ke kūlanakauhale a pau. A makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ke kūkulu o ka pohaku keiki i ka mea mua i ke kapa i kona maoli inoa - Odessa' ia e like me ka manaoio noiʻi, mai ka inoa o kekahi kahiko Greek kulanakauhale o Odessos, ka mea i kekahi manawa, he uuku ia i ka hikina, ma ke kahakai o ka makana Tylihul muliwai.

Deribas - i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o Odessa

City, i hanauia ma ka manao paa keia o Empress, i kūkuluʻia ma lalo o ka limahana o kekahi o na koa o ke au o Ana, Hope Adimarala Iosifa De Ribas, ka loa kānaka koa i kekahi manawa koke i ka Turkish pā Yeni Dunya. Spanish alii ma ka hanau ana, ua mau loa ko oukou kipaku imua makewai no ka hoike ia, ola ae la ia i ka ola huali a me ka piha o ka loa he mea hiki ole Hawaii i hiki ke malama i ka mea i paʻapū ai mea ole ka ia hoike ia novels.

E like me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o Odessa a me kona mua Meia, de Ka Ribas immortalized i kona inoa i loko o ka inoa o ka papa kuhikuhiE alanui Deribasovskaya. Ia ka leo o ka pono, i loko o ka olelo, me ka hookaawale ana i ka Palani aristocratic pākuʻina kau "de", kapa ia Odessa. Hoomahalo mai ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i kēia kanaka kulanakauhale e noho ana ua hookupaa wale i ka 1994, e helu i ka coincide me ka hookahakaha o ka bicentenary o ke kulanakauhale.

Elua Odessa Meia

A hiki i ka 1803 de Ka Ribas i hoolilo ai i St. Petersburg, i loko o kona'āina hoʻohiwahiwa hale ke aupuni 'oihana, a ola hapaha e hiki mai ana i ka Meia, ka mea i hele aku la ia ma ka moolelo like o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o Odessa. Ka mea, ua i emi kaulana ma mua o kona, hoʻokomo, ke Duke de Ka Richelieu - Palani aristocrat, i hele mai ma hope o ka PalaniʻOiʻenehana i ka hana Lūkini. Kona kia ho'āliʻi aku iā haʻi i ka Potemkin, lanihuli, lilo iho la ia i kekahiʻano o nā kūlana o ke kulanakauhale.

Duke ua loa akamai a me ka loea luna hoʻomalu. I loko nō o kona noho alii ana (1803-1815 GG.) Ma ke kulanakauhale alakai nui e kukulu, he nui na hou alanui i wāwahiʻia nā kīhāpai, kukulu iho la i ka Orthodox a me ka Hui ekalesia, he halehalawai, Barracks, market, hamama hou kula, a hana i ka? Aieeeua no ka wai, i ia manawa ka mea, ua nui loa pili.

Na hua o ka Papa o kohu kūpono kanaka

Mahalo i kona akamai alakaʻi, ma Odessa, e like wahi'ē aʻe, he maikaʻi 'ia no ka hooulu ana o ke kuai. Ma naʻe o ka mea, he akea mana o Peseto ma luna ona e Alexander I, i ka lua o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o Odessa Duke (Duke) Mai de Richelieu hoao akamai lawa i ka pakele ana i ka mea haʻahaʻa kūloko kalepa hoʻomalu malama, e waiho i ke kalepa i kupono ala e hoʻomōhala kā lākou hana, e koho. Pela oia i huki mai i ke kulanakauhale he nui helu o Lūkini a me kekahi kāne, a me ka pela, a me ko lakou mau poo.

Kēia mau kānaka, nā Mamua o Odessa - Hope Adimarala Iosif De Ribas, a me ka Duc de Ka Richelieu - i hana mai i kekahi kulanakauhale a i lilo ole wale ka waiwai a me ka nohona mawaena konu o New Rusia, akā, i ka ikaika pakaua ma ka Black Sea,ʻaʻole Hōʻike 'na moʻolelo i ka hoouka ana o ka enemi.

Wiwoʻole a me ka lokomaikaʻi Kauna Langeron

I ka 1815, i ka Meia o Odessa i waiho i ka 'ē aʻe ole emi pono kanaka - helu Alexander Fedorovich Langeron. , Ua uhiʻia kona inoaʻo ia me ka nani ma luna o nā paia o Isemaela, ma ka hanaʻino mai i i kekahiʻaoʻao o ka A. V. Suvorovym. E like me hōʻike wā, koe wale no ka mea,ʻAʻole eʻole ka makau ole, i kona mau papa e like ai i ka lokomaikaʻi, puʻe wale akula kēlā e kaʻana i ka hope, akahi denari i ka kekahi, ka mea i makemake ia, aole noi no.

Me ka'ākau a hiki i ke kulanakauhale no kanakolu makahikiʻaneʻane hana-noa kekahi waiwai i waiwai (hana-noa awa? Aaeei),ʻo ia ka waiwai i kona unspeakably, akā, haʻaleleʻo ia ma hope o ka make ana o ka hooilina o ka hale liilii, a me ka aneane hōkaiʻia ka mahiʻai. Ma Odessa, i ka makahiki o Alexander Fedorovich ikea Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Garden a me kekahi mau wahi ulu lāʻau, hoomaka ae hoolaha ana i ka nupepa mua i loko o ke kūlanakauhale, a wehe aʻela ia i kona puka Richelieu Lyceum, a lilo iho la ia i ka lua ma Rusia ma hope o ka kaulana Tsarskoye Selo.

City glitz a me ka hana maʻamau

I ka wā e hiki mai, i ka nani Wiliau Hōkū o Meia hui ka Prince Mihail Sergeevich Vorontsov. Mahalo iā ia, Odessa loaa aristocratic gloss. Loaa no i ka weliweli moku'āina o i ka pilina a me ka hanohano kiekie o Rusia a me Enelani nei, oia ua hiki ia,ʻo ia ke kūlanakauhale nui kona mau lala o ka kiʻekiʻe ke kaiāulu kanaka, a me ka poe a pau, nui ka inoa i loaa nae i ka paa ana, ua. Kēia luna i kokua mai kana wahine - Polish aristocrat Countess Bronitskaya. Ma muli o ia kona pili i Odessa mai Poland neʻe i ka puu o ka waiwaiʻohana.

Kēia i ka pilina i ka hou pomaikai o ke kalepa, ka muli o hou hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me Hawaii. Pomaikai mai o ka mōhaiʻai kalepa a me ka 'ē aʻe nāʻoihana o ke kūlanakauhale mau hoomaka, a i hoʻolako pono me kaʻiʻo nō o kēia pono. A loaʻa i ka palena manawa o ka hana-noa awa no kekahi makahiki he umi, Prince Vorontsov i Odessa ka nui Home Land ma ka hema o Rusia.

Unfading hoomanao o ka hoʻokumuʻo o Odessa

I ka 2007, ua kukulu hou ia Ana Square o ke kulanakauhale i ka 1900, kukulu ia a dismantled i ka Soviet kia a hiki i ka Mamua o Odessa. I ka haku mele 'ana o ka sculptor M. P. Popova o ke kii o Ana II, ho'ālaʻia ma luna o ka pedestal kiʻekiʻe, a ku ana ma ka waihona o kona mau eha mau hoa. Iwaena o lakou - ua oleloia de Ka Ribas, e like me koʻikoʻi huahelu o ke au, HI Potemkin, de Ka Volan a me PA Zubov. Kēlā me kēia o ko lākou haʻalele lākou hoailona ma ka mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale.

Ua ua he nui kekahi hanana i loko o ka nohona kuʻuna o ke kauhale. Odessa nui loa waiwai monumental hana o nā haku o nā kenekulia i hala, a me ka makana lā. He nui no ia i ike masterpieces. Kēia mea he kia hoʻomanaʻo no Duke de Ka Richelieu,ʻai i kekahi kahakai Boulevard Prince Vorontsov ma Hale Pule Nui Square, ka Polish haku mele Adamu Mickiewicz i ka hoʻomaka o Alexander Avenue, a he nui wale, i ka nani o Odessa.

I loko nō o ka nui, e hoike i ka mōʻaukala i hoola mai i ka inoa o ka wale o ka poe, no ka mea, o ko lākou kiʻekiʻe lawelawe a me nā kūhelu ke kūlana i ka nui hopena ma luna o kona ulu ana, a kūpono 'ana, me ka pololei i hoʻokumu o ke kulanakauhale o Odessa ka mea e hoomanao ai - i ka poe i oi ma mua o nā kenekulia aku nei, a me kā lākou mau lima iho i hana mai i ka mea ma na kapakai la-kālua o ka Black Sea. Kā lākou hana i hanau he hana mana, ka hoonaniia 'ku e na mea he nui haku mele, ua lilo ka home i na hana mana he kanaka. He na kanaka - i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā oiaio o Odessa. I ka moolelo o ke kūlanakauhale - hoike o keia.