Nā moku o Columbus: ka inoa, hōʻikeʻano. Moku o Columbus 'Santa Maria'. "Nina" moku Hristofora Kolumba

"Columbus ike Amerika, ka poʻe luina Kelemania e nui" - e like me ka mea, e olelo aku i loko o kekahi mele ... naʻe, ma mua oe holo, i kaʻImi Loa kaulana no na makahiki i huli no ka hoʻolako 'ia o ia no ko lakou, aa aku. ʻOiai he nui nā aliʻi o ka manawa Hristofora Kolumba pāhana ua i kona makemake, e līkaia no ke kālā i kona manaʻo, ka mea e noho ana i loko o wikiwiki. Naʻe, i ka wā e hiki mai discoverer ua he kanaka hana mikiʻala, a nō ohi i ka pono dala, a ua hoomakaukauia mai ekolu moku, kela mea keia mea o ka a i kona mau kamahaʻo moʻolelo.

Hristofor Kolumb

Ma mua o ke aʻo 'ana e pili ana i na moku, a i kona mau kaʻao hele ana Columbus, ia mea kumukuai hoomanao ana i ka hoʻokele nui.

Hristofor Kolumb Ua hanau ia ma 1451 ma o ka Repubalika o Genoa. Kona aupuni 'ē akuʻepekema maopopo enaena hoopaapaa. Manuela iho ua noʻonoʻo i ka Paniolo hoʻokele, like me ka Spaniards outfitted i kona huakaʻi. Eia naʻe, kekahi mau kumu i kapa ia ia me he Italia, Catalan a hiki i ka Iudaio i hoohuliiaʻi i Kristiano.

Ma kekahi hihia, he kanaka Columbus i poʻokela, a haawi aku i ka manawa e kiʻi i ka kohu kūpono ka hoʻonaʻauao ma ka Kulanui o ke kulanakauhale Italian o Pavia ia ia. Ma hope o këia Manuela lilo pinepine au. Loa pinepine, i komo i loko o malina kalepa kaua kiʻi e kaua. Paha keia mea aie a hiki i ka entrainment o meaola Hotele umikumamaiwa Columbus mare i ke kaikamahine o kaʻImi Loa kaulana Dona Felipe De Palestrello.

A hiki i ka wā e hiki mai discoverer o America iwakalua-ekolu, hoomaka ae la oia e alakai i kaʻeleu palapala me ka mea kaulana Florentine haumāna Paolo Toscanelli, nana i hai aku ia ia i ka manaʻo o ka holo ana i Inia ma ka 'Akelanika.

Ma hope o kā lākou Noho iho ho, Hristofor Kolumb i hoomaopopoia no ka pū o kona peni pal. No laila, i loko o ka kekahi mau makahikiʻo ia i hoʻouna 'ia i ka hele pāhana ka loa waiwai kanaka o Genoa. Akā, ka mea, i ole mahalo ia ia, a me ka hoole i ka puu dala.

Loaa ole i ka Nationals, Columbus e kaumaha ana i ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i ka huakaʻi i ke alii o Portugal, a ma hope o nā kaukaualiʻi, a me ka clergy o Sepania. Akā, i ka makahiki, hele ana, a aole kekahi mea e līkaia no dala no ke Columbus papahana. Ma desperation, huli i nā hoʻokele a hiki i ke alii o Beritania, akā, a pau i ka lapuwale. A pono ia ia i ana i ka neʻe i Farani, a malaila, e ho'āʻo lākou pōmaikaʻi, ke Spanish Moiwahine Isabella Ho'āʻo e Waiwai i ka huakaʻi.

Columbus hele

A pau i kaʻImi Loa nui i eha holo maiʻEulopa a hiki i Amerika. lawe pio a pau o ia mai i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1492 a hiki i 1504.

I ka huakaʻi mua o Columbus me ia, hele aku no o ka haneri kanaka i ekolu moku. Total a huakaʻi i kahi o ehiku a me ka hapalua mahina. Ma keia huakaʻi, explorers ike i ka mokupuni o Cuba, Laua a me ka Bahamas i loko o ka Caribbean. Columbus ike aku i ka aina no na makahiki, i kapaʻia ke Komohana Indies. Nō hoʻi, kekahi noiʻi hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i ka AIM o ka huakaʻi o Columbus i ole India, a me Japan.

Over manawa, ma muli o ia mau hoopaapaa aina hamama i hooki i ka ia i ka waiwai wale o ka Spanish Crown, a ua māheleʻia aʻela ma waena o Europa malina mana.

Ia Manuela i ke kolu o ka huakaʻi o Vasco ka Gama loaa ka maoli ala a hiki i Inia, pela kau i ka stigma ma ka inoa maikaʻi o Columbus hoopunipuni. Ma hope o ia, no ka nui loa i loko oʻImi Loa shackles i hoounaia mai i ka hale, a me ka makemake e hoopai aku, akā, i ka Sepania waiwai e ano maikai i ke kālā ma luna o ka'āina e hamama ana, Columbus kokua, a hoopaa i kona kala.

Ke ho'āʻo nei e hoao i ko lakou hihia, o ka hoʻokele i ka ha o ka huakaʻi, oiai i pakele ai i ka'āinapuniʻole o Amerika.

Ma nā makahiki, ke ola o Hristofor Kolumb ho'āʻoʻana • loaʻa hou i ka inoa o ke aliʻi, ae aku la ia ia i kau i ka hui, o ka Sepania mō'ī, e like me ka pono o ka lehulehu aina. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i mālama i ka hana ia. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o na i koe o ka discoverer perezahoronyali kekahi mau manawa, no laila, i kēia manawa, he mau mea hiki lua Hristofora Kolumba.

Ekolu Columbus moku (Karakka a me caravels)

A lohe o Hristofor Kolumb i hope Waiwai i kona huakaʻi mua,ʻo ia i komo i loko o ka hoʻomākaukau o na moku.

Mua o nā mea a pau ka mea, ua pono e hooholo i ka helu. No ka mea, o kona mau hoa a ua kokoke risky, e iai? Oaiaaou i ka nui'auwaʻa ua pipiʻi. I ka Ia manawa hoʻokahi a mau moku -ʻuʻuku. Nolaila, ka mea i hoʻoholo e iai? Oaiaaou ekolu 'iniha, kapuaʻi. He aha e noho ana i ka moku o Columbus? Pookela mawaena o lakou - Karakka "Santa Maria", a me nā caravels, "Nina" a me ka "Pinta".

Karakka a caravel - He aha ka mea?

Ka moku Hristofora Kolumba 'Santa Maria' ma ke 'ano ua Karakka. No laila, i kapaʻia, he pono ole i loko o ka 15-16 kenekulia ka mākou, holo moku no 3-4 kia. He noteworthy ia ma Europe ka mea, ua i ka nui i ka manawa. E like me ka rula, i kēia mau moku hiki o ka 'elele i hoonoho ai i elima haneri a hiki i ke tausani. Inā mākou e noonoo i ka mea holoʻokoʻa luina o ekolu moku Columbus i hoʻokahi haneri kanaka, paha, "Santa Maria" ua he uuku Karakka.

Other moku o Columbus (ka inoa o ko lākou mau "Nina" a me ka "Pinta") he caravels. Kēia 2-3-kia ipu, he pono ole i loko o kēlā mau ia makahiki. Haʻalele Karakka, ka mea, ua emi hoʻomākaukau no ka lōʻihi kaua kiʻi e kaua. Naʻe, ka mea, ua oi maneuverable, a ua oluolu a me ka nike, i keia manawa pokole ka mea, unfairly ousted bulky karakki.

"Santa Maria" Columbus ka moku

E like me ke kiʻi o ka hoʻokele nui, a me kaʻikeaʻana o kona mua ekolu moku i ole, ua malamaia. Description o ka Columbus moku, e like me kā lākou mau kumu hoohalike,ʻano ino, a holo pololei mai i nā'ōlelo o kaʻike maka ola he nui na makahiki ma hope paha nā mea mahuʻi o nā kānakaʻepekema.

E like me ia olelo ana manaoio, "Santa Maria" He mea uuku hoi hookahi-kāhiko Karakka me ekolu mau kia. Ua Ua ea ae ka hana i ka lōʻihi o ka moku i ka ua 25 m, a me ka laula -. 8 m + kikoo ka mea, ua ma kahi o 1200 moku paʻa i 3 m + hohonu, a ma luna o ka papahele ua bunk kaukaʻi, neo? Aaiiai? Keena a me nā keʻena .. I ka pahu i ka triangular anuu.

"Santa Maria" (Columbus ka moku) Ua lako pono me ka mau pū o nā calibers, ke hoʻololi e ke ahi pohaku kala. He noteworthy mea i loko o kona mau mooolelo hoʻokele kekahi manawa kapaia kona moku lawe hae o ka Karakka, ke caravel. Moku lawe hae o Columbus moku pili i Juan ka'Aroda: Kos, ka mea i hoi i kona luna.

Ka hopena o ka "Santa Maria"

Eia naʻe, "Santa Maria" Ua i destined e hoʻi i ka hale a hiki i Spain i kakahiaka nui me ia ma December 1492 i ka mua, i ka huakaʻi mua, o ka moku lawe hae o Columbus e noho ana ma luna o ka papa ma kahi o Laua. Hoʻomaopopo i hoola "Santa Maria" mea hiki ole, Manuela kena ae lawe aku mai ia, a pau o ka mea hiki ia o ka waiwai, a me ka hoolilo ana i ka caravel. ka moku ia i manao e disassemble hale pono, mai i hope ma ka ia mokupuni pāpū "Christmas" ( "La Navidad") i kukulu.

"Nina"

E like me ka discoverer o nā wā, "Nina" (Columbus ka moku) ua i ka punahele moku o ka discoverer o hou aina. I kona hele ana a pau, ua uhi iho la ia ma kilomika he kanaha-kumamalima tausani. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o "Santa Maria" ka mea huli i loko o ka moku lawe hae o Columbus.

Real inoa o ka moku ua "Santa Clara", akā, na hoa o ka huakaʻi aloha pumehana, i kapa ia "pēpē," i loko o Spanish kani ana e like "Nina". Ka mea nāna o ka moku ua Juan Nino. Akā, ma ka holo mua o Columbus luna "Nini" ua Vicente Yáñez Pinzón.

E like me kānakaʻepekema, ka nui o "Santa Clara" ua ma kahi o 17 m + lōʻihi, a 5.5 ka m laula. Ua Ua hoi manaoio ia he ekolu mau kia ma luna o ka "Nine." E like me ka 'ike mai ka log o ka moku i ka, mua, mai keia caravel ia nō naʻe o ka holo pololei, a ma hope o ka noho ana i loko o ka Canary Pae Aina, ka mea i UAIAaIN e pololei laina.

Initially, ua lālā uuku oi aku he iwakalua o ka moku i ka moku, akā, ma hope o ka "Santa Maria" ka make ana o hou no ia. He hana hoihoi 'ia ma luna o ka mea, i ka mua manawa luina i moe i loko o hammocks, e lawe ma ka mooolelo o ka Indians.

Ka hopena o ka "Nini"

Maluhia hoʻi i loko o Spain ma hope o ka huakaʻi mua o Columbus, "Nina" i komo i loko o ka lua o ka holo ana o Manuela a hiki i na kapakai o Amerika. I loko o ka inoa haumia 1495 makani pāhili "Santa Clara" i ka wale i koena moku.

Ma waena o ka 1496th a me ka 1498th punahele moku discoverer o America i pio e pirates, akā, ua hoʻokuʻuʻia a me nā mahalo i ka ikaika o kona kapikala hele aku la i ke kolu ma ka hele ana o Columbus.

Hope o 1501,ʻaʻole nō he 'ike e pili ana ia, paha ka caravel Poho i kekahi o ka paipai aʻo kai eʻe.

"Pinta"

Kūlike loa ikepili ma luna o ka helehelena a me oaoieei ano o ka moku ma ka mōʻaukala i ua la i ka malamaia.

Mākou wale ike i ka moku o Columbus 'Pinta' ua ka nui caravel i loko o ka huakaʻi mua o ka hele nui. Eia naʻe, no kaʻikeʻole kumu ma hope o ka make ana o "Santa Maria" poo 'auʻau koho ole i ka mea like me ka moku lawe hae. Loa paha, ka mea, ua i ka poe koa, a me ka luna o ka moku - Martin Alonso Pinzón. Aia hoʻi, i ka hele ana, oia pinepine e konane me ka hooholo ana o Columbus. Paha ka hoʻokele nui makau i ka haunaele, a no ia mea, wae iho i ka moku ma ke kāpena i ke kaikaina, Martin - oi'ōlewa Vicente.

Ua mea noteworthy i ka New World i ka mea mua, eʻike i ka poʻe luina Kelemania e me ka "Pinta".

Ua uaʻike i nā moku hoʻi kaawale. A, i ka luna o ka "Pinta" na koa a pau e imi ana i kona moku i hele mua i Sepania, me ka manao i ka euanelio ia i haʻi aku iāʻoe. Akā, Hawaiʻi moku no kekahi mau hola aie i ka ino.

"Pinta" ka Hopena

No ka 'ike ma luna pehea loli Hawaiʻi i ka hopena o ka moku "Pinta" ma hope o Columbus' holo, e lākou. Aia ka hōʻike ana ma hope o ka hoi ana mai o ka luna o ka moku o ua lā anu hookama'āina. A no ka mea, o ka mea ola pilikia loaa iloko o ka huakaʻi, make aku la ia i kekahi mau mahina ma hope. Paha o ka moku paha i kūʻai liloʻia aku, a hoʻololi kona inoa, a pepehi i ka mea e hiki mai ana.

Other moku o Columbus

Inā i ka huakaʻi mua o Columbus ''auwaʻa oia o wale ekoluʻuʻuku maalea, i loko o ka lua, heʻumikumamāhiku i loko o ke kolu - eono, a ma ka ha - a pau eha. Kēia ka ukuia a hiki i ka lilo ana o ka wiwo ole ma ka Hristoforu Kolumbu. Ironically, e he mau makahiki o Columbus e e kekahi o na koa nui loa o Sepania.

Ka inoa o ka loa o kēia mau moku i ole, ua malamaia. Mākou wale ike ia ka moku lawe hae o ka lua o ka huakaʻi i kekahi moku i kapaia "Marie-Galante", a ma ka ha o ka - "La Capital".

Ma hope o laila, he nui na makahiki ma hope o ka mea i loaʻa ma luna o kekahi mau moku Columbus holo ma luna o kona holo mua, a wehe i ka honua hou no a pau o ka manaʻo kanaka, ia mea kupaianaha pehea ka mea, ua hiki keʻau i nā mea a pau. Ma hope iho o ka hoʻolilo o ka Spanish Crown ua nui loa aku kou mana a me ka voluminous hale ma waho, akā, i ko lākou mea e ole makemake e aa aku ia lakou. Ke kūkala nūhou maikaʻi mea i ka ona o "Santa Maria", "Santa Clara" ( "Nini"), a me "Pinta" ole no laila, he a, aa aku la i loko o ka Columbus huakaʻi. Kaʻoi loa no ka mea, o keia ka mea, ua mau loa iloko o ka moolelo o ko ke ao nei e like me ka mea, e wehe i elua hou mokupuni a me ka pelapela.