Physiology - He aha ka mea? Mōʻaukala a me ka walaʻauʻana physiology

Mawaena o na lala o ka kālaimeaola a me ka lapaau ana a me ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ka kanaka kino, ia ninoaaeyao he kūikawā wahi physiology. He aha ka ka physiological'ōnaehana, a me nā loina ia hana a me ka mea kuleana no ka mea - i kēia mau nīnau i hoʻokolokolo koʻikoʻiʻepekema: I. P. Pavlovym, P. K. Anohinym, I. M. Sechenovym. I ko makou hana, ke kuʻina o? Acaeoey a me ka ho okumu ana o physiology mākou noʻonoʻo. Next, he nana i ka like ana o këia ka metabolic keʻano o ka hanaʻana,ʻaʻole wale i ke kino o ke kanaka, akā, i nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu. I haawi examples e kākoʻo mea hiki nui o ka 'epekema o nenoai o ka oihana o nā loko, a keena o ke kanaka kino no ka hooulu ana o ka laau lapaau a ola e ho'ōla aku.

Mōʻaukala o ka physiology

Kekahi o na noiʻi mua e noiʻi i nā hiʻona o ka wehe aʻe o ka waiwai o ke kanaka, ua i ke kahua o ka lapaau - Hippocrates. English kauka Harvey, ka poʻe i noho i loko o ka 17th kenekulia, hoʻokumu i ka rula o ka neʻeʻana o ke koko i loko o ka paʻa nenoaiie o na moku koko, a wehe i ka systemic holo. Italian physicist a me nä känaka 'epekema L. Galvani lawe mai ia mea, e loaʻa mai i keʻano o nā aʻalolo impulses, a waiho iho la i ke kumu o Neurophysiology. Kēia lālā o ka 'epekema i a laila ulu hoomaikai aku i ka hana M. I. Sechenova, V. M. Behtereva, P. K. Anohina. Nui na makana i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka ÷ naehana hanu'ōnaehana mana i chemists: Lavoisier a me J. Priestley.

physiology wahi i loko o ka liluwelo no ka hoʻopaʻi 'kahua

E like ka hamama liluwelo'ōnaehana këia i ke ola hoikeana ole wale no keena, nā loko a me nā'aʻaʻa, akā, i ka mea holoʻokoʻa kanaka kino, physiology hoʻokumu paʻaʻana i hui kekahi koa kūikawā - noi - na lala o ke kālaimeaola. O nā biochemistry, cytology a me ka histology. Ka mea, hana metabolic naoh i ka hakakino, ke kelepona hele, a'aʻaʻaʻilikai. Hahai embriology Genet këia kumu kāki i hana a me ka EYI o hereditary waiwai. A eia ka mea hope, o ka nui o ka pilina ma waena o physiology a me ka'anatomia, me ka a he mea hiki ole ke hooponopono i ka wehewehena o ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana lawe wahi i loko o kela a me keia o na ooieoeiiaeuiuo nenoai: na ko mākou hopohopo, endocrine, circulatory, a pela aku ...

Na makana I. P. Pavlova ka haʻawina o ka digestive keʻano o ka hanaʻana mai o

Ke scientific ka wehewehena o ka physiology, hiki e ua hoʻoʻuluʻulu manaʻo like penei: ia mea he 'epekema i Pilikanaka ke ola mana o nā nenoai i loko o ke kino. Biochemical reactions e ana i loko o ke kanaka digestive'āpana, e like me ka maomeka i hooponopono ia, ua ua hōʻike 'ia e ka mea koʻikoʻi Lūkini nä känaka' epekema I. P. Pavlovym. Konaʻano hana fistula ua kōkua wehe paha i ka mea huna o ka duodenal glands. Ua Ua hoʻouka kekahi kekahi kūlana o ka digestion i loko o ka'ōpū, a aʻo i ka Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o gastric wai, e kū mai i mua o ka chyme i loaʻa i loko o ke kino lua. Ua lilo maopopo ia ia he physiology o digestion.

Mahalo i kona kū hoʻokahi i loko o kā lākou e neʻe ana ma luna o na holoholona, nä känaka 'epekema hooku iho la ia i ka piha lapaʻau kiʻi o ka functioning o ka salivary glands, akepaʻa,'ōpū. Hoʻomanaʻo nā'ūhū lākou secretory aeea ua 'ole ma o ka excitation-oaio? A unconditioned reflexes ma o ka lolo kumu.

Ke nä känaka 'epekema i hoikeia neuro-humoral maomeka o ka rula hooponopono o ka digestion, no ka i ka 1904 i hookoia ka Nobel uku. Research I. P. Pavlova uaʻano nui e pane i ka nīnau "He aha mea he kanaka physiology a me ka mea kona kūlana o liluwelo ka hoʻopaʻi 'ana o ka'ōnaehana?".

Ka mea hiki manaʻo nui o ka hana I. M. Sechenova

''he weheʻana o nā Mamua o ka inhibition i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana Ivana Mihaylovicha Sechenova nō malama me kaʻimi naʻauao kumu no ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka noʻonoʻoloi, hoomanao, olelo. Iao? Kākoʻo 'ia ka papa kuhikuhi lolo reflexes haʻawina, a hoʻoholo i ke alo i loko o ka thalamus diencephalon kūloko wawahi waena. E like me ka manaʻo I. M. Sechenova, ka hōʻikeʻana kūlana ma ke kaʻina hana o ka irradiation o inhibitory keʻano o ka hanaʻana hana kūikawā nā lātoma - neurotransmitters, synthesized i loko o ke kino, a loaa i loko o ke koko wai koko.

Nä känaka 'epekema kekahi o ka mea mua i haawi aku i ka mana o ka mea ka physiology o ke kino o ka hoʻomanawanui. Ua mālama lākou me ke kumu no ka lapaau ma ka ninau pololeiʻike, a me ka maikai o ka e pono ai ke ano o ka nohoʻana. Ke ao ana I. M. Sechenova e pili ana i kou manaʻo ma ka reflex hana o ka lolo i ka elue no ka hoʻokumu o ka 'epekema o cybernetics.

Ka manaʻo o ooieoeiiaeuiuo nenoai

Nui oihana o ke kanaka kino, e like me ka loa holomua hamama-liluwelo'ōnaehana hele loa aku ia i ka reflex reactions. Famous Russian nä känaka 'epekema P. K. Anohin nui i kumumanaʻo, e wehewehe i ka malama ana o ka ikaika kūloko ma' ia me ke kōkua o nā luna 'physiological nā loko, a nenoai. Lākou mau papa hoʻolaukahi hana malama homeostasis ilikai e like me ke ola i ke kino, a ua na na ma luna 'ano' a pau. Researchʻepekema ua kōkua e pane i ka nīnau, i mea ka physiology o luna ko mākou hopohopo haʻawina, hookupaa iho la ia I. M. Sechenova manaʻo e pili ana i ke kūlana o ka-oaio? A luna o ka cerebral cortex e hoolako i kekahi koho ana o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka hoʻokō i ka pahuhopu a me nā hakakā o ways o kanaka haʻawina.

I ko makou kino ka mea, he ooieoeiiaeuiuo nenoai o na pae elua. I ka mua he o na maomeka e hoʻonui ai i ka malama o homeostasis Via neurohumoral hooponopono. Ka mea, i ka maʻamau koko kōpaʻa pae, o ka haku mele 'ana o ke koko wai koko, ke koko, a no laila, ma luna o. D. ka lua o ka'ōnaehana kākoʻo i ke ola kākoʻo kino Via AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me ka kaianoho koholā ma ke' ano 'loli.

na hanu

E like me mākou e ike, ka loina o ka liluwelo nenoai ma kekahi pae o ka hui o ke ola mea - hakakino, ke kelepona hele,'aʻaʻa a me organogenic - këia 'epekema physiology. He aha ka pūnao ma kēlā i kēia mau pae, a me ka mea hana - na pane i kēia mau nīnau i palapala noi hana.

Ke'ī mai, e noonoo pono i ka physiology Biochemistry kinoea e loaa hou mai o ke kelepona hele ka hanu, ka nń ku maluhia o ke kanaka kino me ka oxygen. Ua hele mai i loko o redox reactions me ke aloha 'ona halepaahao, ai ka hookuu ikehu ua loaa i loko o ka palapala o ATP nā lātoma a i hoʻohana ma ke kino, e hana ma ka Muscle ka ulu a me ka ulu ana. E like me 'oe ke ike, i ka physiological keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka integral hiʻona o nā mea a pau liluwelo nenoai ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ko lākou mau hui.